EDF 6222 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS &
CORRECT ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED
LATEST UPDATED 2026\2027
"__________tistmoretthantthetmeretdescriptiontofteventstasttheytoccur.tIttistantattemptttotdiscovertorder,tt
otshowtthattcertainteventststandtint_________ttototherteventst(Skinner,t1953,tp.6)."t-
tScience;tlawfultrelations
Beingtscientificallytskepticaltmeanstthattuntilttheretist____________tavailable,tassumptionstshouldtnottbet
made.t-tevidence
Intorderttotbetexcellenttstewardstoftscience,tastbehaviortanalysts,twetcantfollowtatfewtguidelinestwhentgath
eringtandtevaluatingtevidence.tThistincludestreducingt__________tbytensuringtinterobservertagreement,te
xaminingtfortactualt___________t(astopposedttoteffectstthattcouldthavetproducedtchangestwithouttthetint
ervention),t___________t,tandtself-correction.t-tobservertbias;texperimentaltcontrol;treplication
Witht___________,twetlooktfortthetsimplesttexplanationtpossible,tnottextensivetmentalistictexplanations.t-
tparsimony
"Behaviorismtistnottthetsciencetofthumantbehavior;tittistthet___________toftthattscience"t(Skinner,t1974.tp.
3).t-tphilosophy
Structuralismtreliedtont__________,twhichtlookedtinwardttotdescribetsensations,timages,tandtfeelings.t-
tintrospection
_____________tbehaviorismtmighttbetthoughttoftastatpsychologicaltversiontoftlogicaltpositivismtortoperati
onism.t-tMethodological
Whiletsometmethodologicaltbehavioriststaccepttthatttheretaretmentaltstates,ttheythavetruledtthemtcomple
telytouttoftconsideration.tThististnottatnewtconcepttandtwastoncetreferredttotast____________.t-
tpsychophysicaltparallelism
, IntPavlov'stearlytresearch,thetdidtnottjumpttotconclusionsttotsuggesttthattthetdogtwast"thinking"toftfood,tan
dtthereforetsalivating.tInstead,thetcarefullytcontrolledtconditionstthattallowedthimttotshowtthattparticularts
timulitcant"acquire"tthetabilityttotelicittsecretion.tHistcarefultanalysistoftthetscientifictmethodtallowedthimtt
otavoidtbotht__________tandt_________tfictions.t-tmentalistic;texplanatory
Thetevolutionarytexplanationtfortreflexestindicatestthatttheytaretfortthetsurvivaltoftthetorganism.tHowever,t
wetknowtallttootwelltthattsometimestresponsestcantbetconditionedtthattservetnotpurposet-
teventaddtat____________tpurposet-ttotourtcomplextlives.t-tdebilitating
Skinnert(1953)tinformedtust"Althoughtthetprocesstoft[conditioning]tgreatlytextendstthetscopetoftthetelicitin
gtstimulus,tittdoestnottbringtalltthetbehaviortoftthetorganismtwithintsucht___________t"(p.t56).tConditionin
gtcantaddtnumeroustdifferenttelicitingtstimuli,tbuttittwilltnevertfashiontat_________tresponse.t-
tstimulustcontrol;tnovel
AccordingttotSkinner,tcontingenciestoftreinforcementthavetantedgetovertcontingenciestoftsurvivaltbecauset
contingenciestoftreinforcementt"Havetthetedgetwitht__________tandt________tandtthetconditionstundert
whichtatspeciestacquirestbehaviortaretrelativelyt___________tandtcantoftentbetmanipulated".t-
tprediction;tcontrol;taccessible
___________tistthetlearnedtbehaviorstoftatparticulartanimaltduringtitstlifetime.t-tOntongeny
_____________tistbehaviorstthatthavetbeentpassedtdowntovertthetlifetimetoftthetentiretspecies.t-
tPhylogeny
Ittcantbetdifficultttotdistinguishtbetweentontogenetictandtphylogenictestablishedtbehaviors.tFortatpersontvi
ewingtatcomplext_____________tforthetfirstttime,tittmaytseemtmysterious.tButteachtsteptoftthetchaintcantb
ettracedtbackttotthetshapingtprocess.tJusttbecausetthetshapingtprocesstwastnottobserved,tittdoestnottmeant
thattittwastnott_________.tHowever,twhentwetviewtatspidertspintatwebt"notcomparablethistorytcantbetinvo
ked"ttotdeterminetthetphylogenictcontingenciestattworkt(Skinner,t1966,tp.1208).t-tbehaviortchain;tlearned
Mooret(2015)tstatedt"_________tpredisposetantindividual'stsusceptibilityttotinfluencetfromtthet_________
__(p.t27).tWetmusttbetcarefultnotttotasserttthattgenest"_________"tbehavior;trather,ttheytsettuptthetphysic
altbasistfortthetprocessestandtstructurestthattparticipatetintbehavior.tBehaviortstilltoccurstintthetcontexttoftt
hetenvironment.t-tgenes;tenvironment;tcause
CORRECT ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED
LATEST UPDATED 2026\2027
"__________tistmoretthantthetmeretdescriptiontofteventstasttheytoccur.tIttistantattemptttotdiscovertorder,tt
otshowtthattcertainteventststandtint_________ttototherteventst(Skinner,t1953,tp.6)."t-
tScience;tlawfultrelations
Beingtscientificallytskepticaltmeanstthattuntilttheretist____________tavailable,tassumptionstshouldtnottbet
made.t-tevidence
Intorderttotbetexcellenttstewardstoftscience,tastbehaviortanalysts,twetcantfollowtatfewtguidelinestwhentgath
eringtandtevaluatingtevidence.tThistincludestreducingt__________tbytensuringtinterobservertagreement,te
xaminingtfortactualt___________t(astopposedttoteffectstthattcouldthavetproducedtchangestwithouttthetint
ervention),t___________t,tandtself-correction.t-tobservertbias;texperimentaltcontrol;treplication
Witht___________,twetlooktfortthetsimplesttexplanationtpossible,tnottextensivetmentalistictexplanations.t-
tparsimony
"Behaviorismtistnottthetsciencetofthumantbehavior;tittistthet___________toftthattscience"t(Skinner,t1974.tp.
3).t-tphilosophy
Structuralismtreliedtont__________,twhichtlookedtinwardttotdescribetsensations,timages,tandtfeelings.t-
tintrospection
_____________tbehaviorismtmighttbetthoughttoftastatpsychologicaltversiontoftlogicaltpositivismtortoperati
onism.t-tMethodological
Whiletsometmethodologicaltbehavioriststaccepttthatttheretaretmentaltstates,ttheythavetruledtthemtcomple
telytouttoftconsideration.tThististnottatnewtconcepttandtwastoncetreferredttotast____________.t-
tpsychophysicaltparallelism
, IntPavlov'stearlytresearch,thetdidtnottjumpttotconclusionsttotsuggesttthattthetdogtwast"thinking"toftfood,tan
dtthereforetsalivating.tInstead,thetcarefullytcontrolledtconditionstthattallowedthimttotshowtthattparticularts
timulitcant"acquire"tthetabilityttotelicittsecretion.tHistcarefultanalysistoftthetscientifictmethodtallowedthimtt
otavoidtbotht__________tandt_________tfictions.t-tmentalistic;texplanatory
Thetevolutionarytexplanationtfortreflexestindicatestthatttheytaretfortthetsurvivaltoftthetorganism.tHowever,t
wetknowtallttootwelltthattsometimestresponsestcantbetconditionedtthattservetnotpurposet-
teventaddtat____________tpurposet-ttotourtcomplextlives.t-tdebilitating
Skinnert(1953)tinformedtust"Althoughtthetprocesstoft[conditioning]tgreatlytextendstthetscopetoftthetelicitin
gtstimulus,tittdoestnottbringtalltthetbehaviortoftthetorganismtwithintsucht___________t"(p.t56).tConditionin
gtcantaddtnumeroustdifferenttelicitingtstimuli,tbuttittwilltnevertfashiontat_________tresponse.t-
tstimulustcontrol;tnovel
AccordingttotSkinner,tcontingenciestoftreinforcementthavetantedgetovertcontingenciestoftsurvivaltbecauset
contingenciestoftreinforcementt"Havetthetedgetwitht__________tandt________tandtthetconditionstundert
whichtatspeciestacquirestbehaviortaretrelativelyt___________tandtcantoftentbetmanipulated".t-
tprediction;tcontrol;taccessible
___________tistthetlearnedtbehaviorstoftatparticulartanimaltduringtitstlifetime.t-tOntongeny
_____________tistbehaviorstthatthavetbeentpassedtdowntovertthetlifetimetoftthetentiretspecies.t-
tPhylogeny
Ittcantbetdifficultttotdistinguishtbetweentontogenetictandtphylogenictestablishedtbehaviors.tFortatpersontvi
ewingtatcomplext_____________tforthetfirstttime,tittmaytseemtmysterious.tButteachtsteptoftthetchaintcantb
ettracedtbackttotthetshapingtprocess.tJusttbecausetthetshapingtprocesstwastnottobserved,tittdoestnottmeant
thattittwastnott_________.tHowever,twhentwetviewtatspidertspintatwebt"notcomparablethistorytcantbetinvo
ked"ttotdeterminetthetphylogenictcontingenciestattworkt(Skinner,t1966,tp.1208).t-tbehaviortchain;tlearned
Mooret(2015)tstatedt"_________tpredisposetantindividual'stsusceptibilityttotinfluencetfromtthet_________
__(p.t27).tWetmusttbetcarefultnotttotasserttthattgenest"_________"tbehavior;trather,ttheytsettuptthetphysic
altbasistfortthetprocessestandtstructurestthattparticipatetintbehavior.tBehaviortstilltoccurstintthetcontexttoftt
hetenvironment.t-tgenes;tenvironment;tcause
