100% Ver ifi ed Cor r ect Answ er s
1. Developmental Stages of Writing: Pre-writing, drafting, revising, editing, publishing
2. Diagnostic Assessment: Standardized tests (assessments) that aim to determine a student's strengths
and weaknesses
3. Semantic Cuing System: focuses on any meaning a student derives from a sentence based on
prior knowledge (does this sentence make sense or not?)
4. Editing: Proofreading the draft for misspelled words, grammatical & mechanical errors. Focus is on mechanics.
5. Publishing: Sharing the final product with an audience
6. Talking to the text: Strategy known as "a think aloud"
7. Historical Fiction: Realistic stories that are set in the past
8. Print: Conveys meaning
9. Informal Assessment: Assessments include but are not limited to: cloze tests, running records, anecdotal
notes, rubrics, portfolios, informal reading inventories
10. Biography: Stories that tell about a person's life
11. Aesthetic Listening: Listening that is performed for enjoyment and pleasure
12. Partial Alphabetic: Letter is associated with sound at this stage
13. Pre-Alphabetic: Relies on visual cues to help read words. Usually pre-k stage. (ex.- knowing
McDonald's b/c of the golden arches)
14. Fantasy: Stories that cannot happen in the real world
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, 15. Fluency: Ability to read quickly, accurately and with proper expression
16. Graphophonemic Cuing System: Focuses on various visual cues & knowledge about the
relation-ship between sounds & symbols. "Does this look right?" Hint: "graphic"
17. Primary Sources: A document or piece of work that was written, recorded or created during a
particular time period. Examples: photos, speeches, interviews, diaries, videos, audio
18. Visual Media: Also known as print media. Examples: video, t.v., radio
19. Artifacts: Real objects, usually representative of a particular culture or event
20. Visual: Is related to the "look" of the letter in a word and the word itself. Used by a reader when he studies
the beginning sound, word length, word chunks, etc. Part of the graphophonemic cuing system.
21. Phonological Awareness: Includes ability of a student to identify & manipulate large parts of
spoken language & awareness of other aspects of sound in language. Examples: alliteration, intonation, rhyming.
22. Concepts of Print: Examples of letters, words, directionality, punctuation
23. Creative Writing: Writing that uses the writer's imagination
24. Rubric: A set of scoring guidelines or criteria for evaluating student work. Often provide specific
guidelines regarding teacher expectations.
25. Errors: These are tallied during a reading whenever a child does any of the following: substitutes words,
omits words, inserts a word, has to be told the word.
26. Science Fiction: Stories that might happen in the future
27. Text to world: Implies that reader has made a connection from the reading to a topic or event that is
taking place in the world.
28. Poetry: Writing that contains short lines, imagery, & elements of sound
29. 3 main cuing systems: Semantic, Syntactic, Graphophonemic
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