PUBH 201 MIDTERM 1 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS.
What is PH - ANS - the fulfillment of society's interest in assuring the conditions in which
people can be healthy
- organized community efforts aimed at the prevention of disease and the promotion of health
"the future of public health" - ANS -The Future of Public Health tasks was to re-examine the
definition of public health, reasoning that for it o be effective, public health defined: the
committee's report describes public health's mission, substance, organizational framework and
core functions.
- Mission of public health is the fulfillment of society's interest in assuring the conditions in
which people can be healthy.
definition of PH - ANS - the reasoning for it to be effective and has to be broadly defined
- fulfillment of society's interest in assuring the conditions in which people can be healthy.
- organized community efforts aimed at prevention of disease and promotion of health
- both activities undertaken within formal structure of government and associated efforts of
private and voluntary organizations and individuals
core functions of PH - ANS - assessment, policy development, assurance (protect health and
prevent disease), compare with a medical doctor, diagnostic process for health and disease,
strategic approach/treatment plan, actual treatment (services available)
2026 STUDY MATERIAL @COPYRIGHT RESERVED 1
,"rectangularizing" the life curve - ANS - Rectangularization = a trend toward a more
rectangular shape of the survival curve due to increased survival and concentration of deaths
around the mean age at death of the population.
- The variability in the age at death declines and deaths are being compressed into the upper
years of life.
PH disciplines - ANS - Epidemiology (epidemics/obesity, prostate cancer in western countries
and Asia), new diseases: basic science of Public health, study of epidemics, aim to control
spread of infectious disease, seeks cause of chronic disease and ways to limit harmful exposure
- Statistics (calculate risks, testing the new drug): collection of data on population, calculate
risk/benefits
- Biomedical Sciences (AIDS, flu, Hanta virus, cancer): infectious disease/pathogens, chronic
disease, genetics
- Environmental Health Science (new chemicals): health effects of environmental exposure,
air/water quality, solid/hazardous wastes, safe food and drugs, global environmental change
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (Latino paradox): health threats: tobacco, poor diet, physical
inactivity
- Health Policy and Management: cost of medical care in U.S. out of control, U.S. high
population without health insurance and lack access to medical care, quality of medical care
measured/questionale
Primary, secondary, & tertiary prevention - ANS Primary - prevent disease
Secondary - minimize the severity of the illness
Tertiary - minimize the disability, rehabilitations
chain of causation - ANS - agent, host, environment
2026 STUDY MATERIAL @COPYRIGHT RESERVED 2
, - interventions can focus on any of these targets
(Malaria, West Nile Virus, Hanta Virus)
market justice - ANS - Emphasizes individual responsibility, minimal obligation to the
common good, and the fundamental freedom to all individuals to be left alone.
- powerful forces of environment, heredity, and social structure prevent a fair distribution of the
burdens and benefits of society.
social justice - ANS - suggests that minimal levels of income, basic housing, employment,
education, and health care should be seen as fundamental rights.
- Beauchamp: "the historic dream of public health that preventable death and disease ought to
be minimized is a dream of social justice"
PUBLIC HEALTH AS SOCIAL JUSTICE
cost vs. benefit in PH - ANS - Cost may be short-term while benefits may be long-term
- Costs easier to calculate that benefits
- In economic difficulty, people are often willing to pay short term cost in order to obtain a
benefit in the long term
EX:
- Smog in LA: to calculate the cost of reduction, easy, how to calculate whether this benefit is
worth the cost but also timeline problem
- Fish and lumber industry - sources depleted, risk of killing all fish, cutting down all the timber
Tragedy of the commons - ANS - government restrictions on behavior that causes indirect
harm to others (cattle and herdsman)
- no individual has the power to control the quality of own personal environment independent
of behavior and government action is required to protect common resources.
- exemplified in many environmental laws
- freedom to pollute
2026 STUDY MATERIAL @COPYRIGHT RESERVED 3
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS.
What is PH - ANS - the fulfillment of society's interest in assuring the conditions in which
people can be healthy
- organized community efforts aimed at the prevention of disease and the promotion of health
"the future of public health" - ANS -The Future of Public Health tasks was to re-examine the
definition of public health, reasoning that for it o be effective, public health defined: the
committee's report describes public health's mission, substance, organizational framework and
core functions.
- Mission of public health is the fulfillment of society's interest in assuring the conditions in
which people can be healthy.
definition of PH - ANS - the reasoning for it to be effective and has to be broadly defined
- fulfillment of society's interest in assuring the conditions in which people can be healthy.
- organized community efforts aimed at prevention of disease and promotion of health
- both activities undertaken within formal structure of government and associated efforts of
private and voluntary organizations and individuals
core functions of PH - ANS - assessment, policy development, assurance (protect health and
prevent disease), compare with a medical doctor, diagnostic process for health and disease,
strategic approach/treatment plan, actual treatment (services available)
2026 STUDY MATERIAL @COPYRIGHT RESERVED 1
,"rectangularizing" the life curve - ANS - Rectangularization = a trend toward a more
rectangular shape of the survival curve due to increased survival and concentration of deaths
around the mean age at death of the population.
- The variability in the age at death declines and deaths are being compressed into the upper
years of life.
PH disciplines - ANS - Epidemiology (epidemics/obesity, prostate cancer in western countries
and Asia), new diseases: basic science of Public health, study of epidemics, aim to control
spread of infectious disease, seeks cause of chronic disease and ways to limit harmful exposure
- Statistics (calculate risks, testing the new drug): collection of data on population, calculate
risk/benefits
- Biomedical Sciences (AIDS, flu, Hanta virus, cancer): infectious disease/pathogens, chronic
disease, genetics
- Environmental Health Science (new chemicals): health effects of environmental exposure,
air/water quality, solid/hazardous wastes, safe food and drugs, global environmental change
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (Latino paradox): health threats: tobacco, poor diet, physical
inactivity
- Health Policy and Management: cost of medical care in U.S. out of control, U.S. high
population without health insurance and lack access to medical care, quality of medical care
measured/questionale
Primary, secondary, & tertiary prevention - ANS Primary - prevent disease
Secondary - minimize the severity of the illness
Tertiary - minimize the disability, rehabilitations
chain of causation - ANS - agent, host, environment
2026 STUDY MATERIAL @COPYRIGHT RESERVED 2
, - interventions can focus on any of these targets
(Malaria, West Nile Virus, Hanta Virus)
market justice - ANS - Emphasizes individual responsibility, minimal obligation to the
common good, and the fundamental freedom to all individuals to be left alone.
- powerful forces of environment, heredity, and social structure prevent a fair distribution of the
burdens and benefits of society.
social justice - ANS - suggests that minimal levels of income, basic housing, employment,
education, and health care should be seen as fundamental rights.
- Beauchamp: "the historic dream of public health that preventable death and disease ought to
be minimized is a dream of social justice"
PUBLIC HEALTH AS SOCIAL JUSTICE
cost vs. benefit in PH - ANS - Cost may be short-term while benefits may be long-term
- Costs easier to calculate that benefits
- In economic difficulty, people are often willing to pay short term cost in order to obtain a
benefit in the long term
EX:
- Smog in LA: to calculate the cost of reduction, easy, how to calculate whether this benefit is
worth the cost but also timeline problem
- Fish and lumber industry - sources depleted, risk of killing all fish, cutting down all the timber
Tragedy of the commons - ANS - government restrictions on behavior that causes indirect
harm to others (cattle and herdsman)
- no individual has the power to control the quality of own personal environment independent
of behavior and government action is required to protect common resources.
- exemplified in many environmental laws
- freedom to pollute
2026 STUDY MATERIAL @COPYRIGHT RESERVED 3
