NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology Mid Term exam with correct answers

NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




Mid Term exam with correct answers
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Hypersensitivity: Type 1 - correct answers ✔✔Type 1: ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




Allergic reaction, Mediated by IgE, Inflammation due to
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mast cell degranulation
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Local symptoms:
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-itching
-rash
Systemic symptoms: ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




-wheezing
Most dangerous = anaphylactic reaction
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systemic response of hypotension, severe ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




bronchoconstriction
Main treatment: epinephrine reverses the effects
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Hypersensitivity: Type 2 - correct answers ✔✔Type 2: ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific (ex: thyroid tissue) ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\

,Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




Can cause tissue damage or alter function
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Grave's disease (hyperthyroidism) - example of altering
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thyroid function, but does not destroy thyroid tissue
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Incompatible blood type- example of cell/tissue damage ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




that occurs; severe transfusion reaction occurs and the
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transfused erythrocytes are destroyed by agglutination or ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




complement-mediated lysis. ||\\||\\




Type 1 Hypersensitivity VS. Type 2 Hypersensitivity -
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correct answers ✔✔Type 1 Hypersensitivity ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




Organ Specific ||\\||\\




Antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




Type 2 Hypersensitivity
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, Not Organ Specific ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




Antibody binds to the soluble antigen outside the cell ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




surface that was released into the blood or body fluids, ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




and the complex is then deposited in the tissues
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Hypersensitivity: Type 3 - Examples - correct answers ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




✔✔Rheumatoid arthritis: Antigen/antibodies are ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




deposited in the joints ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)- very closely related ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




to autoimmunity- antigen/antibodies deposit in organs
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that cause tissue damage ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




Hypersensitivity: Type 4 - correct answers ✔✔Delayed ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\




response


Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes like Types 1,
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2 and 3
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Is T-cell mediated
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