NR507- Advanced ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Pathophysiology Final Exam with ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
correct answers ||\\||\\
GERD - correct answers ✔✔Warning signs include:
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Symptoms over age of 50: ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Odynophagia (pain on swallowing) ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Nausea and vomiting ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Weight loss ||\\||\\
-Melena
-Early satiety (feeling full after eating very little food
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Hiatal Hernia - correct answers ✔✔Often asymptomatic
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Generally, a wide variety of symptoms develop later in life ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
and are associated with other GI disorders, primarily
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
GERD
,--Sliding hiatal hernia: treatment usually conservative. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Individuals can diminish reflux by eating small, frequent ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
meals and avoiding the recumbent position after eating.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Abdominal supports and tight clothing are avoided and ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
weight control recommended for obese individuals. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Duodenal Ulcer - correct answers ✔✔Characteristic ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
manifestation = chronic intermittent pain in epigastric ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
area
Pain begins 30 minutes to 2 hours after eating when
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
stomach is empty ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Not unusual for pain to occur in middle of the night and
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
disappear by morning ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Peptic Ulcer Disease - correct answers ✔✔Peptic ulcer is a
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
break or ulceration in the protective mucosal lining of the
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
lower esophagus, stomach or duodenum
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
, Least likely to occur in the large intestine
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Major Depressive Disorder - correct answers ✔✔SSRIs are
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
the standard first-line treatment for major depression
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Initial selection of an antidepressant includes:
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Assessment of symptoms ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Age
-Side effects ||\\||\\
-Safety
-Cost
Social Anxiety Disorder - correct answers ✔✔Fear and
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
avoidance of social situations ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Example: anxious person may feel very uncomfortable ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
having a conversation or interacting with others and very
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Pathophysiology Final Exam with ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
correct answers ||\\||\\
GERD - correct answers ✔✔Warning signs include:
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Symptoms over age of 50: ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Odynophagia (pain on swallowing) ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Nausea and vomiting ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Weight loss ||\\||\\
-Melena
-Early satiety (feeling full after eating very little food
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Hiatal Hernia - correct answers ✔✔Often asymptomatic
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Generally, a wide variety of symptoms develop later in life ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
and are associated with other GI disorders, primarily
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
GERD
,--Sliding hiatal hernia: treatment usually conservative. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Individuals can diminish reflux by eating small, frequent ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
meals and avoiding the recumbent position after eating.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Abdominal supports and tight clothing are avoided and ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
weight control recommended for obese individuals. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Duodenal Ulcer - correct answers ✔✔Characteristic ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
manifestation = chronic intermittent pain in epigastric ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
area
Pain begins 30 minutes to 2 hours after eating when
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
stomach is empty ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Not unusual for pain to occur in middle of the night and
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
disappear by morning ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Peptic Ulcer Disease - correct answers ✔✔Peptic ulcer is a
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
break or ulceration in the protective mucosal lining of the
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
lower esophagus, stomach or duodenum
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
, Least likely to occur in the large intestine
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Major Depressive Disorder - correct answers ✔✔SSRIs are
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
the standard first-line treatment for major depression
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Initial selection of an antidepressant includes:
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Assessment of symptoms ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Age
-Side effects ||\\||\\
-Safety
-Cost
Social Anxiety Disorder - correct answers ✔✔Fear and
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
avoidance of social situations ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Example: anxious person may feel very uncomfortable ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
having a conversation or interacting with others and very
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
