BIO 256 LATEST 2026 PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Salivation is controlled almost entirely by the nervous system. Which of the following
stimuli would inhibit salivation?
-a lemon
-fear
-the thought of food
-nausea - ✔✔fear
✔✔HCl secretions convert pepsinogen to the active hormone pepsin. What cells in the
gastric pits produce pepsinogen? - ✔✔cheif
✔✔In response to a steak dinner, certain secretions are needed to aid digestion. What
cells in the pancreas would provide these secretions? - ✔✔acinar cells
✔✔An increase in HCl (hydrochloric acid) secretion in the duodenum would stimulate
which hormone that would help to counteract the effects of HCl? - ✔✔secretin
✔✔The secretion in the large intestine consists of which of the following?
-bicarbonate- and potassium-rich mucus
-intrinsic factor
-digestive enzymes
-bile - ✔✔bicarbonate- and potassium-rich mucus
✔✔What is secreted into the GI in all phases of digestion to protect the lining of the GI?
- ✔✔bicarbonate
✔✔The force of gastric contraction increases in response to which of the following?
-CCK
-secretin
-GIP
-gastrin - ✔✔gastrin
✔✔What is meant by energy mobilization? - ✔✔catabolism of stored macromolecules
into small nutrient molecules that are released into the bloodstream
✔✔Which of the following is NOT associated with a positive energy balance?
-Consuming energy at a greater rate than is expended as heat or work
-Net synthesis of macromolecules
-Net breakdown of macromolecules - ✔✔Net breakdown of macromolecules
✔✔What is the predominant form in which fat is present in the diet? - ✔✔Triglycerides
, ✔✔During which of the following times is an individual operating in a negative energy
balance?
-anabolic phase
-absorptive state
-during a meal
- exercise - ✔✔exercise
✔✔In the absorptive state, cells of the body utilize __________ as their primary fuel
source. - ✔✔glucose
✔✔During the absorptive state, the liver converts __________ to __________. -
✔✔glucose,glycogen
✔✔During the absorptive state, excess glucose is stored in the form of __________. -
✔✔adipose
✔✔In the post-absorptive state, most tissues utilize __________ as an energy source. -
✔✔fatty acids
✔✔The process of making glucose from sources, such as amino acids, glycerol, and
pyruvate is called __________. - ✔✔gluconeogenesis
✔✔Which of the following is promoted by glucagon? - ✔✔gluconeogenesis
✔✔Which of the following is the primary method of heat loss for humans? -
✔✔evaporation
✔✔Which organ or tissue controls body temperature and shivering? - ✔✔hypothalamus
✔✔Which bone cell does growth hormone stimulate? - ✔✔chondrocytes
✔✔Which of the following is NOT an action of thyroid hormones?
-alters protein synthesis in cells
-Increase energy utilization and mobilization
-raises metabolic rate
-decrease in heat production - ✔✔decrease in heat production
✔✔Which of the following hormones stimulates gluconeogenesis and reduces the
uptake of glucose by cells, thereby increasing plasma glucose concentration?
-Cortisol
-Thyroid hormones
-Acetylcholine
-Insulin - ✔✔Cortisol
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Salivation is controlled almost entirely by the nervous system. Which of the following
stimuli would inhibit salivation?
-a lemon
-fear
-the thought of food
-nausea - ✔✔fear
✔✔HCl secretions convert pepsinogen to the active hormone pepsin. What cells in the
gastric pits produce pepsinogen? - ✔✔cheif
✔✔In response to a steak dinner, certain secretions are needed to aid digestion. What
cells in the pancreas would provide these secretions? - ✔✔acinar cells
✔✔An increase in HCl (hydrochloric acid) secretion in the duodenum would stimulate
which hormone that would help to counteract the effects of HCl? - ✔✔secretin
✔✔The secretion in the large intestine consists of which of the following?
-bicarbonate- and potassium-rich mucus
-intrinsic factor
-digestive enzymes
-bile - ✔✔bicarbonate- and potassium-rich mucus
✔✔What is secreted into the GI in all phases of digestion to protect the lining of the GI?
- ✔✔bicarbonate
✔✔The force of gastric contraction increases in response to which of the following?
-CCK
-secretin
-GIP
-gastrin - ✔✔gastrin
✔✔What is meant by energy mobilization? - ✔✔catabolism of stored macromolecules
into small nutrient molecules that are released into the bloodstream
✔✔Which of the following is NOT associated with a positive energy balance?
-Consuming energy at a greater rate than is expended as heat or work
-Net synthesis of macromolecules
-Net breakdown of macromolecules - ✔✔Net breakdown of macromolecules
✔✔What is the predominant form in which fat is present in the diet? - ✔✔Triglycerides
, ✔✔During which of the following times is an individual operating in a negative energy
balance?
-anabolic phase
-absorptive state
-during a meal
- exercise - ✔✔exercise
✔✔In the absorptive state, cells of the body utilize __________ as their primary fuel
source. - ✔✔glucose
✔✔During the absorptive state, the liver converts __________ to __________. -
✔✔glucose,glycogen
✔✔During the absorptive state, excess glucose is stored in the form of __________. -
✔✔adipose
✔✔In the post-absorptive state, most tissues utilize __________ as an energy source. -
✔✔fatty acids
✔✔The process of making glucose from sources, such as amino acids, glycerol, and
pyruvate is called __________. - ✔✔gluconeogenesis
✔✔Which of the following is promoted by glucagon? - ✔✔gluconeogenesis
✔✔Which of the following is the primary method of heat loss for humans? -
✔✔evaporation
✔✔Which organ or tissue controls body temperature and shivering? - ✔✔hypothalamus
✔✔Which bone cell does growth hormone stimulate? - ✔✔chondrocytes
✔✔Which of the following is NOT an action of thyroid hormones?
-alters protein synthesis in cells
-Increase energy utilization and mobilization
-raises metabolic rate
-decrease in heat production - ✔✔decrease in heat production
✔✔Which of the following hormones stimulates gluconeogenesis and reduces the
uptake of glucose by cells, thereby increasing plasma glucose concentration?
-Cortisol
-Thyroid hormones
-Acetylcholine
-Insulin - ✔✔Cortisol
