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med surg 1 pharmacology basics nursing exam prep drug classes clinical pharmacology medication study test preparation NCLEX style patient care nursing education

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This document covers foundational pharmacology concepts for Med-Surg 1 nursing students. It includes drug classifications, mechanisms, and practice content for exam readiness.

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Med Surg 1 Pharmacology




Dantrolene Muscle Relaxant used for malignant hyperthermia and muscle
spasticity.


Dantrolene Side Effects Hepatotoxicity, drowsiness, diarrhea.


Dantrolene Nursing Considerations Monitor liver enzymes; use filter needle for IV; emergency
med for MH.


Lidocaine Local anesthetic, antiarrhythmic used for ventricular
arrhythmias and local anesthesia.


Lidocaine Side Effects CNS toxicity (tremors, seizures), bradycardia.


Lidocaine Nursing Considerations Monitor ECG, watch for toxicity signs, IV route for arrhythmia.


Thiopental Barbiturate anesthetic used for induction of anesthesia.




4/16/2026, 12:59:57 PM

, Med Surg 1 Pharmacology


Thiopental Side Effects Respiratory depression, hypotension.


Thiopental Nursing Considerations Rapid onset; monitor respiratory rate closely.


Midazolam Benzodiazepine used for sedation, anxiety, and anesthesia
induction.


Midazolam Side Effects Respiratory depression, amnesia, hypotension.


Midazolam Nursing Considerations Monitor RR, reversal agent is flumazenil.


Fentanyl Opioid analgesic used for severe pain and as an adjunct in
anesthesia.


Fentanyl Side Effects Respiratory depression, constipation, sedation.


Fentanyl Nursing Considerations High potency, monitor for overdose, use naloxone if needed.



4/16/2026, 12:59:57 PM

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