Practice Questions And Correct Verified Answers

PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS
WhichA2dentalA2materialA2chemicallyA2adheresA2toA2enamelA2andA2dentin?
a.A2Compomer
b.A2FlowableA2composite
c.A2GlassA2ionomer
d.A2MicrohybridA2compositeA2-A2Ans--GlassA2Ionomer

theA2glass-
ionomerA2liquidA2isA2aA2polyacrylicA2orA2otherA2alkenoicA2acid,A2suchA2asA2itaconicA2orA2ma
leic,A2withA2tartaricA2acidA2addedA2toA2improveA2handlingA2properties.A2TheA2acidA2hasA2th
eA2potentialA2forA2bondingA2toA2calciumA2inA2theA2mannerA2describedA2forA2polycarboxylat
e.A2ThisA2chemicalA2bondA2providesA2retentionA2ofA2theA2cementA2toA2theA2tooth.

HowA2doA2theA2plaquesA2fromA2caries-activeA2subjectsA2andA2caries-
freeA2subjectsA2compare?
a.A2Caries-
freeA2plaquesA2haveA2significantlyA2higherA2proportionsA2ofA2MutansA2streptococci.
b.A2InA2theA2caries-
activeA2plaques,A2pHA2levelsA2ofA25.0A2orA2lowerA2mayA2persistA2forA2severalA2hoursA2after
sugarA2exposure.
c.A2Non-
cariogenicA2plaquesA2perA2unitA2ofA2plaqueA2proteinA2areA2slightlyA2moreA2acidogenicA2tha
n
cariogenicA2plaques.
d.A2StreptococcusA2salivariusA2ofA2onlyA2theA2caries-
activeA2plaquesA2readilyA2convertA2sucroseA2toA2lactic
acidA2atA2pHA25.A2-A2Ans--InA2theA2caries-
activeA2plaques,A2pHA2levelsA2ofA25.0A2orA2lowerA2mayA2persistA2forA2severalA2hoursA2after
sugarA2exposure.

WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2appearsA2toA2beA2importantA2primarilyA2inA2smooth-
surfaceA2decay?
a.A2ActinobacillusA2actinomycetemcomitans
b.A2LactobacillusA2species
c.StreptococcusA2sanguis
d.A2StreptococcusA2sobrinusA2-A2Ans--StrepA2Sobrinus

CriticalA2pHA2forA2dissolutionA2ofA2enamelA2hasA2beenA2shownA2toA2beA2about:
a.A25.0.
b.A25.2.
c.A25.5.
d.A25.7.A2-A2Ans--5.5

,EpidemiologicA2evidenceA2suggestsA2whichA2permanentA2toothA2surfaceA2isA2mostA2prone
A2toA2caries?
Buccal
Interproximal
Lingual
OcclusalA2-A2Ans--Occlusal

WhichA2bestA2describesA2theA2transmissionA2ofA2MutansA2streptococciA2fromA2primaryA2ca
regiverA2toA2child?
Diagonal
Horizontal
Tangential
VerticalA2-A2Ans--Vertical

WhichA2drugA2isA2knownA2toA2induceA2gingivalA2hyperplasia?
Azathioprine
Cyclosporine
Diazepam
MethotrexateA2-A2Ans--CyclosporineA2(immunosuppressant)

CanA2alsoA2occurA2withA2
-Phenytonin,A2SodiumA2ValproateA2(anticonvulsant)
-Amlodipine,A2Nifindipine,A2verapimil,A2diltiazem,A2felodipine(CaA2ChannelA2Blockers)
-highA2doseA2oralA2contraceptives

UnderA2theA22017A2classificationA2schemeA2forA2periodontalA2andA2peri-
implantA2diseasesA2andA2conditions,A2stagesA2ofA2periodontalA2diseaseA2areA2basedA2upo
n:
-ageA2atA2onsetA2andA2chronicity.
-anticipatedA2treatmentA2response.
-riskA2ofA2rapidA2progression.
-severityA2andA2complexity.A2-A2Ans--severityA2andA2complexity

StagingA2andA2Grading:A2indicatesA2diseaseA2severityA2andA2complexA2managmentA2wileA
2estimatingA2theA2rateA2andA2liklihoodA2ofA2diseaseA2progression/responseA2toA2therapy


TheA2primaryA2parameterA2toA2defineA2gingivitisA2casesA2is:
a.A2bleedingA2onA2probing.
b.A2erythema.
c.A2lossA2ofA2stippling.
d.A2visibleA2plaque.A2-A2Ans--bleedingA2onA2probing

Early-
onsetA2periodontitisA2patientsA2havingA2highA2concentrationsA2ofA2whichA2antibodyA2haveA
2significantlyA2lessA2attachmentA2lossA2thanA2patientsA2whoA2lackA2thisA2antibody?

,IgA
IgE
IgG
IgMA2-A2Ans--IgG
FromA2purpleA2book:A2
LAgPA2etiologicA2fators:A2defectsA2inA2neutrophilA2chemotaxisA2andA2phagocytosis,A2over-
reactiveA2monoyteA2response,A2geneticA2defectsA2inA2geneA2encodingA2IgG2

WhichA2typeA2ofA2vaccineA2isA2theA2humanA2papillomaA2virusA2vaccine?
a.A2Inactivated
b.A2Live-attenuated
c.A2Recombinant
d.A2ToxoidA2-A2Ans--Recombinant

AgainstA2HPVA26,A211,A216,A218

InnateA2immunityA2differsA2fromA2otherA2typesA2ofA2immuneA2responsesA2dueA2to:
a.A2inabilityA2toA2discriminateA2betweenA2aA2groupA2ofA2relatedA2pathogens.
b.A2increaseA2withA2repeatedA2exposureA2toA2aA2givenA2pathogen.
c.A2itsA2presenceA2inA2allA2individualsA2atA2allA2times.
d.A2mediationA2byA2clonalA2selectionA2ofA2antigen-specificA2lymphocytes.A2-A2Ans--
ItsA2presenceA2inA2allA2individualsA2atA2allA2times

-Macrophages/granulocytes,A2NaturalA2KilerA2Cells,A2AntigenA2presentingA2cells
-recognizeA2pathogenA2specificA2patterns

AcquiredA2immuneA2responsesA2dependA2upon:
a.A2granulocytes.
b.A2lymphocytes.
c.A2macrophages.
d.A2polymorphonuclearA2leukocytes.A2-A2Ans--Lymphocytes

recognizeA2antigens
T-Cells/B-Cells
ProducesA2antibodies

OpsonizationA2isA2aA2processA2inA2whichA2antibodiesA2contributeA2toA2immunityA2through:
a.A2activatingA2theA2proteinsA2ofA2theA2complementA2system.
b.A2bindingA2toA2andA2neutralizingA2theA2pathogenA2toA2preventA2cellA2entry.
c.A2coatingA2theA2surfaceA2ofA2aA2pathogenA2toA2enhanceA2phagocytosis.
d.A2lysingA2microorganismsA2directlyA2byA2formingA2poresA2inA2theirA2membranesA2-
A2Ans--catingA2theA2surfaceA2ofA2aA2pathogenA2toA2enhanceA2phagocytosis


WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2isA2aA2primaryA2organA2ofA2theA2immuneA2system?
a.A2BoneA2marrow
b.A2LymphA2nodes

, c.A2MucosaA2
d.A2SpleenA2-A2Ans--BoneA2Marrow--A2MakesA2BA2Cells
ThymusA2isA2alsoA2primaryA2-A2MakesA2TA2Cells

SecondaryA2organsA2include:A2Spleen,A2Lymph,A2MALT

PresenceA2ofA2aA2positiveA2oddsA2ratioA2indicates:
a.A2aA2particularA2exposureA2doesA2notA2affectA2theA2oddsA2ofA2theA2outcome.
b.A2aA2particularA2exposureA2isA2associatedA2withA2higherA2oddsA2ofA2theA2outcome.
c.A2aA2particularA2exposureA2isA2associatedA2withA2lowerA2oddsA2ofA2theA2outcome.
d.A2anA2associationA2betweenA2exposureA2andA2outcomeA2isA2statisticallyA2significant.A2-
A2Ans--aA2particularA2exposureA2isA2associatedA2withA2higherA2oddsA2ofA2theA2outcome


WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2reflectsA2expectationsA2forA2clinicalA2practiceA2guidelinesA2(CP
G)?
a.A2CPGA2areA2basedA2uponA2aA2consensusA2ofA2expertA2opinions.
b.A2CPGA2areA2designedA2toA2produceA2minimalA2standardsA2ofA2care.
c.A2CPGA2areA2informedA2byA2aA2systematicA2reviewA2ofA2evidence.
d.A2DeviationsA2shouldA2beA2fairlyA2rareA2andA2oftenA2cannotA2beA2justified.A2-A2Ans--
CPGA2areA2informedA2byA2aA2systematicA2reviewA2ofA2evidence

WhenA2biologicalA2variablesA2areA2distributedA2inA2aA2bellA2shapedA2curve,A2approximatel
yA2whatA2percentage
ofA2theA2populationA2liesA2withinA2oneA2standardA2deviationA2ofA2theA2mean?
a.A225A2
b.A235
c.A250
d.A270A2-A2Ans--70%

95%A2withinA2twoA2standardA2deviationsA2(addA212.5%A2eachA2sideA2ofA2theA2curve)

StandardA2deviationA2canA2alsoA2beA2calledA2ClinicalA2Deviation

WhatA2epidemiologicA2termA2refersA2toA2theA2extentA2toA2whichA2aA2studyA2isA2freeA2fromA2
bias?
a.A2BlindA2allocationA2ofA2subjects
b.A2ExternalA2validity
c.A2InternalA2validity
d.A2PrecisionA2-A2Ans--InternalA2validity

ExternalA2validity.=A2generalizability

TheA2researcher'sA2abilityA2toA2offerA2eachA2studyA2participantA2anA2equalA2chanceA2ofA2b
eingA2assignedA2toA2anyA2studyA2groupA2isA2uniqueA2toA2whichA2studyA2design?
a.A2ProspectiveA2cohortA2studyA2
b.A2ProspectiveA2caseA2controlA2studyA2