LVN TERM 1 FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 | 59 Questions with
Complete Solutions | Unitek College LVN Program Prep |
Pass Guaranteed - A+ Graded
Part 1: Foundations of Nursing, Legal/Ethical & Communication
10 questions covering nursing process, ethics, delegation, and therapeutic communication
Q1: Your patient, Mr. Chen, has just been diagnosed with diabetes and tells you, "I don't
think I can handle giving myself insulin shots every day." Which therapeutic
communication response best demonstrates reflection?
A. "Don't worry, you'll get used to it after a few weeks of practice."
B. "You sound worried about managing your insulin injections at home." [CORRECT]
C. "Have you considered asking your daughter to help you with the injections?"
D. "Many patients feel this way initially, but diabetes is very manageable now."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reflection involves mirroring the patient's feelings to encourage further
expression. Option B acknowledges his emotional concern without judgment or false
reassurance. Option A provides false reassurance, Option C gives advice, and Option D
minimizes his feelings by comparing him to others.
Q2: A 78-year-old patient with advanced dementia has a living will stating "no heroic
measures" but the family is demanding CPR be performed when the patient stops
breathing. What is your priority action as the LVN?
,A. Begin CPR immediately because family consent overrides the living will
B. Honor the living will and notify the RN and physician immediately [CORRECT]
C. Call a Code Blue first, then check the chart for advance directives
D. Ask the family to provide written documentation of their wishes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A living will is a legal advance directive that expresses the patient's wishes; it
takes precedence over family demands when the patient cannot speak for themselves.
The LVN must honor the documented wishes while immediately involving the RN and
physician to mediate the situation. Starting CPR (Option A/C) would violate the patient's
autonomy, and waiting for family documentation (Option D) wastes precious time.
Q3: You're assisting with the admission of a new patient who will need help with bathing
and ambulation. Which task is appropriate for you to delegate to the Unlicensed
Assistive Personnel (UAP)?
A. Teaching the patient about fall prevention strategies before ambulation
B. Assessing the patient's skin integrity while performing the bed bath
C. Assisting the patient with a supervised walk using a gait belt [CORRECT]
D. Determining if the patient can safely transfer independently
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assisting with ambulation using proper equipment like a gait belt is within the
UAP's scope of practice. Teaching (Option A), assessment (Option B), and clinical
,judgment about safety (Option D) require nursing education and fall within the LVN/RN
scope only.
Q4: During handoff report, you mention to the oncoming nurse that your patient "seems
depressed today." The patient overhears this conversation in the hallway. Which
legal/ethical principle has been violated?
A. Beneficence—because discussing depression doesn't help the patient
B. Nonmaleficence—because this conversation could upset the patient
C. Justice—because the patient wasn't included in the conversation
D. Confidentiality/Privacy—protected health information was disclosed improperly
[CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: HIPAA requires that protected health information (PHI) be shared only in
private settings with those directly involved in care. Discussing patient conditions in
hallways where others can overhear violates confidentiality. While the patient might be
upset (Option B), the primary violation is privacy, not merely causing emotional distress.
Q5: Which situation requires mandatory reporting by the LVN according to standard
nursing practice?
A. A patient tells you they want to refuse their blood pressure medication today
B. You notice bruising patterns consistent with physical abuse on an elderly patient
[CORRECT]
C. A patient's family member asks you not to tell the doctor about a minor fall
, D. Your coworker mentions they're having marital problems at home
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: LVNs are legally mandated reporters for suspected abuse, neglect, or
exploitation of vulnerable populations (children, elderly, dependent adults). Bruising
patterns suggesting abuse must be reported to the appropriate authorities. Medication
refusal (Option A) and family requests (Option C) require nursing intervention but not
mandatory reporting to state agencies.
Q6: When applying the nursing process (ADPIE) to a patient with a new colostomy who
is avoiding looking at the stoma, in which phase would you establish the nursing
diagnosis "Disturbed Body Image related to presence of colostomy"?
A. Assessment phase—collecting subjective and objective data
B. Diagnosis phase—analyzing data to identify patient problems [CORRECT]
C. Planning phase—setting goals and expected outcomes
D. Evaluation phase—determining if goals were met
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing diagnosis is formulated during the Diagnosis phase by analyzing
assessment data. While the assessment (Option A) reveals the patient avoiding the
stoma, the actual labeling of "Disturbed Body Image" and identifying the related factor
occurs during diagnosis. Planning (Option C) would involve setting goals like "Patient
will view stoma by discharge."
Complete Solutions | Unitek College LVN Program Prep |
Pass Guaranteed - A+ Graded
Part 1: Foundations of Nursing, Legal/Ethical & Communication
10 questions covering nursing process, ethics, delegation, and therapeutic communication
Q1: Your patient, Mr. Chen, has just been diagnosed with diabetes and tells you, "I don't
think I can handle giving myself insulin shots every day." Which therapeutic
communication response best demonstrates reflection?
A. "Don't worry, you'll get used to it after a few weeks of practice."
B. "You sound worried about managing your insulin injections at home." [CORRECT]
C. "Have you considered asking your daughter to help you with the injections?"
D. "Many patients feel this way initially, but diabetes is very manageable now."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reflection involves mirroring the patient's feelings to encourage further
expression. Option B acknowledges his emotional concern without judgment or false
reassurance. Option A provides false reassurance, Option C gives advice, and Option D
minimizes his feelings by comparing him to others.
Q2: A 78-year-old patient with advanced dementia has a living will stating "no heroic
measures" but the family is demanding CPR be performed when the patient stops
breathing. What is your priority action as the LVN?
,A. Begin CPR immediately because family consent overrides the living will
B. Honor the living will and notify the RN and physician immediately [CORRECT]
C. Call a Code Blue first, then check the chart for advance directives
D. Ask the family to provide written documentation of their wishes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A living will is a legal advance directive that expresses the patient's wishes; it
takes precedence over family demands when the patient cannot speak for themselves.
The LVN must honor the documented wishes while immediately involving the RN and
physician to mediate the situation. Starting CPR (Option A/C) would violate the patient's
autonomy, and waiting for family documentation (Option D) wastes precious time.
Q3: You're assisting with the admission of a new patient who will need help with bathing
and ambulation. Which task is appropriate for you to delegate to the Unlicensed
Assistive Personnel (UAP)?
A. Teaching the patient about fall prevention strategies before ambulation
B. Assessing the patient's skin integrity while performing the bed bath
C. Assisting the patient with a supervised walk using a gait belt [CORRECT]
D. Determining if the patient can safely transfer independently
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assisting with ambulation using proper equipment like a gait belt is within the
UAP's scope of practice. Teaching (Option A), assessment (Option B), and clinical
,judgment about safety (Option D) require nursing education and fall within the LVN/RN
scope only.
Q4: During handoff report, you mention to the oncoming nurse that your patient "seems
depressed today." The patient overhears this conversation in the hallway. Which
legal/ethical principle has been violated?
A. Beneficence—because discussing depression doesn't help the patient
B. Nonmaleficence—because this conversation could upset the patient
C. Justice—because the patient wasn't included in the conversation
D. Confidentiality/Privacy—protected health information was disclosed improperly
[CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: HIPAA requires that protected health information (PHI) be shared only in
private settings with those directly involved in care. Discussing patient conditions in
hallways where others can overhear violates confidentiality. While the patient might be
upset (Option B), the primary violation is privacy, not merely causing emotional distress.
Q5: Which situation requires mandatory reporting by the LVN according to standard
nursing practice?
A. A patient tells you they want to refuse their blood pressure medication today
B. You notice bruising patterns consistent with physical abuse on an elderly patient
[CORRECT]
C. A patient's family member asks you not to tell the doctor about a minor fall
, D. Your coworker mentions they're having marital problems at home
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: LVNs are legally mandated reporters for suspected abuse, neglect, or
exploitation of vulnerable populations (children, elderly, dependent adults). Bruising
patterns suggesting abuse must be reported to the appropriate authorities. Medication
refusal (Option A) and family requests (Option C) require nursing intervention but not
mandatory reporting to state agencies.
Q6: When applying the nursing process (ADPIE) to a patient with a new colostomy who
is avoiding looking at the stoma, in which phase would you establish the nursing
diagnosis "Disturbed Body Image related to presence of colostomy"?
A. Assessment phase—collecting subjective and objective data
B. Diagnosis phase—analyzing data to identify patient problems [CORRECT]
C. Planning phase—setting goals and expected outcomes
D. Evaluation phase—determining if goals were met
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing diagnosis is formulated during the Diagnosis phase by analyzing
assessment data. While the assessment (Option A) reveals the patient avoiding the
stoma, the actual labeling of "Disturbed Body Image" and identifying the related factor
occurs during diagnosis. Planning (Option C) would involve setting goals like "Patient
will view stoma by discharge."
