EXP4604 2026 Exam 2
Chapter 4
Memory - ............ANSWER..........Storage of information and past
experiences.
What are the 3 stages of memory? - ............ANSWER.......…
-Encoding (transform info)
-Storage (retain info for later)
-Retrieval (recover info for use)
Atkinson & Shiffrin Model - ............ANSWER..........
What increases STM duration? - ............ANSWER..........Rehearsal
(repetition of information)
Effects on STM Capacity - ............ANSWER..........-Proactive
Interference (& release)
-Serial Position Effect (primacy, recency)
Proactive Interference - ............ANSWER..........Old information blocks
new information.
Serial Position Effect - ............ANSWER..........Likelihood item
remembered depends on position in list.
,Primacy Effect - ............ANSWER..........Superior recall for first items on
list
Recency Effect - ............ANSWER..........Superior recall for last items on
list
How is WM (working memory) different from STM (short term
memory)? - ............ANSWER..........WM actively uses and manipulates
info, STM just stores it
Working Memory (WM) - ............ANSWER..........Active system that
processes and uses info
Phonological Loop - ............ANSWER..........Limited storage for sounds
& language
Use of Phonological Loop - ............ANSWER..........-Subvocalization /
Self-Instruction
-Learning language tasks
-Math calculations
Acoustic Confusion - ............ANSWER..........The effect caused when a
person's verbal memory mishears or misremembers a word and then only
recalls the similar sounding substituted word in their verbal recall.
Visuospatial Sketchpad - ............ANSWER..........-Holds visual & spatial
info
-Can function simultaneously with Phonological Loop
, Central Executive - ............ANSWER..........Controls attention and directs
tasks (does not store, only uses info).
Episodic Buffer - ............ANSWER..........-Combines info from LTM
(long term memory) + VS (visuospatial sketchpad) + PL (phonological
loop)
-Binds info together
-Temporary storage
-Integrate between modalities
Chapter 5
What are the 3 subdivisions of LTM? - ............ANSWER..........Episodic,
Semantic, Procedural (implicit)
Episodic Memory - ............ANSWER..........Memory for specific events,
personal experiences, and situations.
Semantic Memory - ............ANSWER..........Memory for facts, concepts,
meaning, and general knowledge about the world.
Procedural Memory - ............ANSWER..........Memory for how to
perform tasks, actions, and skills.
Two Aspects of LTM - ............ANSWER..........-Encoding (Transform
info into memory representation)
Chapter 4
Memory - ............ANSWER..........Storage of information and past
experiences.
What are the 3 stages of memory? - ............ANSWER.......…
-Encoding (transform info)
-Storage (retain info for later)
-Retrieval (recover info for use)
Atkinson & Shiffrin Model - ............ANSWER..........
What increases STM duration? - ............ANSWER..........Rehearsal
(repetition of information)
Effects on STM Capacity - ............ANSWER..........-Proactive
Interference (& release)
-Serial Position Effect (primacy, recency)
Proactive Interference - ............ANSWER..........Old information blocks
new information.
Serial Position Effect - ............ANSWER..........Likelihood item
remembered depends on position in list.
,Primacy Effect - ............ANSWER..........Superior recall for first items on
list
Recency Effect - ............ANSWER..........Superior recall for last items on
list
How is WM (working memory) different from STM (short term
memory)? - ............ANSWER..........WM actively uses and manipulates
info, STM just stores it
Working Memory (WM) - ............ANSWER..........Active system that
processes and uses info
Phonological Loop - ............ANSWER..........Limited storage for sounds
& language
Use of Phonological Loop - ............ANSWER..........-Subvocalization /
Self-Instruction
-Learning language tasks
-Math calculations
Acoustic Confusion - ............ANSWER..........The effect caused when a
person's verbal memory mishears or misremembers a word and then only
recalls the similar sounding substituted word in their verbal recall.
Visuospatial Sketchpad - ............ANSWER..........-Holds visual & spatial
info
-Can function simultaneously with Phonological Loop
, Central Executive - ............ANSWER..........Controls attention and directs
tasks (does not store, only uses info).
Episodic Buffer - ............ANSWER..........-Combines info from LTM
(long term memory) + VS (visuospatial sketchpad) + PL (phonological
loop)
-Binds info together
-Temporary storage
-Integrate between modalities
Chapter 5
What are the 3 subdivisions of LTM? - ............ANSWER..........Episodic,
Semantic, Procedural (implicit)
Episodic Memory - ............ANSWER..........Memory for specific events,
personal experiences, and situations.
Semantic Memory - ............ANSWER..........Memory for facts, concepts,
meaning, and general knowledge about the world.
Procedural Memory - ............ANSWER..........Memory for how to
perform tasks, actions, and skills.
Two Aspects of LTM - ............ANSWER..........-Encoding (Transform
info into memory representation)
