Test Bank for Porth’s Essentials of Pathophysiology 5th Edition Updated 2025–2026 Complete Exam Questions and Answers Study Guide for Norris Pathophysiology Success

Hamric and Hanson's Advanced Practice Nursing 6th Edition




TEST BANK FOR Hamric and Hanson's Advanced
Practice Nursing 6th Edition by Mary Fran Tracy,
Eileen T. O'Grady

Chapter 1: Highlights from the History of Advanced Practice Nursing
in the United States Test Bank

Multiple Choice




1. In which year did the American Association of College of Nursing (AACN)
T T T T T T T T




introduced the Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP)?
T T T T T T




a. 2006
b. 2004
c. 2000
d. 2002


ANS: B T




The AACN introduced the DNP degree in 2004 to prepare advanced practice nurses
T T T T T T T T T T T T T




(APRNs) to meet challenges and standardize practice beyond master’s degree programs.
T T T T T T T T T T




2. Which of the following is the best explanation for the creation of the
T T T T T T T T T T T T T




Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree?
T T T T T




a. To compete against master’s degree programs
T T T T T




Test Bank Page 1

, Hamric and Hanson's Advanced Practice Nursing 6th Edition


b. To ensure standardized curriculum ensuring independent practice
T T T T T T




c. To validate APRN’s for financial reimbursement
T T T T T




d. To address increasing curriculum requirements of master’s degree programs
T T T T T T T T




ANS: D T




Although all answers are influenced by the DNP core competencies, the DNP program
T T T T T T T T T T T T T




creation in 2004 by the AACN was designed to address curriculum requirements of
T T T T T T T T T T T T T




master’s degree programs.
T T




3. Which of the following was the first recognized area of advanced practice
T T T T T T T T T T T T




nursing?

a. Clinical Nurse Specialist T T




b. Family nurse practitioner T T




c. Pediatric nurse practitioner T T




d. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist T T T T




ANS: D T




In 1931, the National Association of Nurse Anesthetists (NANA), renamed in 1939 to
T T T T T T T T T T T T T




the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists (AANA) was the first recognized
T T T T T T T T T T T




group promoting advanced nursing practice. Agatha Hodgins founded the AANM at
T T T T T T T T T T T




Lakeside Hospital in Cleveland, Ohio.
T T T T




4. Which factor is broadly perceived to solidify and standardize the role of the
T T T T T T T T T T T T T




APNs over the last 25 years?
T T T T T




a. Lack of access to health care providers
T T T T T T




Test Bank Page 2

, Hamric and Hanson's Advanced Practice Nursing 6th Edition


b. Standardized curriculum development T T




c. Payment for services T T




d. Societal forces T




ANS: B T




As the evolution of Advanced Practice Nursing advances specific specialties and
T T T T T T T T T T T




needs are identified. Through the evolution of organization and standardization these
T T T T T T T T T T T




roles have solidified the APN’s role in today’s health care environment.
T T T T T T T T T T




5. During the formation of early APN roles in anesthesia, which of the
T T T T T T T T T T T T




following increased demand for access to health care?
T T T T T T T




a. Poverty
T b.War T




c. Rural access to care
T T T T T




d.Availability of training T T




ANS: B T




Earliest demand for nursing-provided anesthesia spiked during periods of war when
T T T T T T T T T T T




numbers of physicians were inadequate. The earliest records date back to the
T T T T T T T T T T T T




American Civil War with the administration of chloroform. During World War I in
T T T T T T T T T T T T T




1917 more than 1000 nurses, some trained anesthetists, traveled into battle. Other
T T T T T T T T T T T T




factors such as need for rural health care came later in the validation and need for APNs.
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T




6. In 1889, Dr. William Worrall Mayo built and opened St. Mary’s hospital
T T T T T T T T T T T T




in


Test Bank Page 3

, Hamric and Hanson's Advanced Practice Nursing 6th Edition


Rochester, NY. He is known for some of the earliest recruitment
T T T T T T T T T




and specialized training of nurses in which of the following roles?
T T T T T T T T T T




a. Pediatrics T




b.Anesthesia
c. Obstetrics
d. Research and statistics T T




e. Family nursing T T




ANS: B T




In 1889, Dr. William Worrall Mayo began formally training and recognizing nurse
T T T T T T T T T T T T




anesthetists. This has been regarded as the earliest training in nurse- provided
T T T T T T T T T T T T




anesthesia.



7. In 1893, Lillian Wald established the Henry Street Settlement (HSS) House for
T T T T T T T T T T T T




which purpose? T




a. Access to health care of rural areas
T T T T T T




b. Create inner-city nursing awareness
T T T




c. Provide the disadvantaged access to care
T T T T T




d. Establish guidelines for advanced nursing roles
T T T T T




ANS: C T




The HHS was established to provide nursing services to immigrants and low- income
T T T T T T T T T T T T T




patients and their families in Manhattan. As resistance to nurse-provided care grew,
T T T T T T T T T T T T




standing orders were drafted from a group of Lower East Side physicians thereby
T T T T T T T T T T T T T




circumventing then-existing legal ramifications. T T T




Test Bank Page 4