BIOL 134 C002 EXPERIMENT DESIGN PLAN
CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ Reflex Testing.
Answer: Measuring the response time and coordination of subjects.
◍ Confounding Variables.
Answer: Variables that can confuse the results by influencing both the
independent and dependent variables.
◍ What is the purpose of collecting and analyzing results in an experiment?.
Answer: To determine the effect of the independent variable on the
dependent variable.
◍ What is the significance of reproducible results?.
Answer: Results should be consistent when repeated in other labs to validate
findings.
◍ What is the role of a treatment in an experimental study?.
Answer: To assess the effect of the treatment on the experimental units.
◍ What is the control group?.
Answer: The group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment and
is used for comparison.
◍ What are some examples of pseudoscience?.
Answer: Anti-vaccine activism, promotion of unproven homeopathic
treatments, and climate change denial.
◍ What was the dependent variable in Redi's experiment?.
Answer: The number of maggots that appeared on the meat.
◍ What is a hypothesis?.
, Answer: An educated guess about the relationship between the independent
and dependent variables.
◍ What is the Scientific Method?.
Answer: An organized way of figuring something out, involving techniques
for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, and correcting
previous knowledge.
◍ Natural Directional Bias.
Answer: An innate preference that affects behavior regardless of learning.
◍ What does the phrase 'Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence'
mean?.
Answer: Unusual or significant claims must be supported by substantial
evidence to be considered credible.
◍ Sample Size ($N$).
Answer: The number of subjects in a study, which should be large enough to
ensure statistical significance.
◍ Environmental Factors.
Answer: External conditions that can influence the outcome of an
experiment.
◍ Control Group.
Answer: A group that does not receive the experimental treatment and is
used as a benchmark.
◍ Sequence Bias.
Answer: A bias that occurs when the order of treatments affects the
outcome.
◍ Why is sample size important in experiments?.
Answer: A larger sample size increases the statistical accuracy of the results.
◍ Statistical Insignificance.
Answer: A result that is not likely to be due to chance, often due to a small
sample size.
CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ Reflex Testing.
Answer: Measuring the response time and coordination of subjects.
◍ Confounding Variables.
Answer: Variables that can confuse the results by influencing both the
independent and dependent variables.
◍ What is the purpose of collecting and analyzing results in an experiment?.
Answer: To determine the effect of the independent variable on the
dependent variable.
◍ What is the significance of reproducible results?.
Answer: Results should be consistent when repeated in other labs to validate
findings.
◍ What is the role of a treatment in an experimental study?.
Answer: To assess the effect of the treatment on the experimental units.
◍ What is the control group?.
Answer: The group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment and
is used for comparison.
◍ What are some examples of pseudoscience?.
Answer: Anti-vaccine activism, promotion of unproven homeopathic
treatments, and climate change denial.
◍ What was the dependent variable in Redi's experiment?.
Answer: The number of maggots that appeared on the meat.
◍ What is a hypothesis?.
, Answer: An educated guess about the relationship between the independent
and dependent variables.
◍ What is the Scientific Method?.
Answer: An organized way of figuring something out, involving techniques
for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, and correcting
previous knowledge.
◍ Natural Directional Bias.
Answer: An innate preference that affects behavior regardless of learning.
◍ What does the phrase 'Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence'
mean?.
Answer: Unusual or significant claims must be supported by substantial
evidence to be considered credible.
◍ Sample Size ($N$).
Answer: The number of subjects in a study, which should be large enough to
ensure statistical significance.
◍ Environmental Factors.
Answer: External conditions that can influence the outcome of an
experiment.
◍ Control Group.
Answer: A group that does not receive the experimental treatment and is
used as a benchmark.
◍ Sequence Bias.
Answer: A bias that occurs when the order of treatments affects the
outcome.
◍ Why is sample size important in experiments?.
Answer: A larger sample size increases the statistical accuracy of the results.
◍ Statistical Insignificance.
Answer: A result that is not likely to be due to chance, often due to a small
sample size.
