NBME COMPREHENSIVE BASIC SCIENCE EXAM
RESPIRATORY AND IMMUNOLOGY HIGH YIELD REVIEW 2000
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
2026 || GRADED A+
Type II pneumocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - surfactant (*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Type II pneumocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - surfactant (*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Polio live v killed vaccine - CORRECT ANSWER - Killed = Salk = IgG
Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces
Polio live v killed vaccine - CORRECT ANSWER - Killed = Salk = IgG
Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces
,Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx - CORRECT ANSWER - Maternal DM (*high insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx - CORRECT ANSWER - Maternal DM (*high insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
Lung maturity determined with - CORRECT ANSWER - Amniocentesis of
Phospholipids (*type II pneumocytes)
L >> S
Lung maturity determined with - CORRECT ANSWER - Amniocentesis of
Phospholipids (*type II pneumocytes)
L >> S
Type I pneumocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - Squamous gas diffusion
Type I pneumocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - Squamous gas diffusion
Elastase in lungs - CORRECT ANSWER - macrophage: *lysosomes*
,PMN: *azuronphilic granules*
Elastase in lungs - CORRECT ANSWER - macrophage: *lysosomes*
PMN: *azuronphilic granules*
Elastin stretches and recoils due to - CORRECT ANSWER - Lysine interchain
crosslinks
Elastin stretches and recoils due to - CORRECT ANSWER - Lysine interchain
crosslinks
air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC - CORRECT ANSWER - Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5
air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC - CORRECT ANSWER - Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5
Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - CORRECT ANSWER - Exhale of
Tidal Volume
Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - CORRECT ANSWER - Exhale of
Tidal Volume
, Lung Compliance is decreased by - CORRECT ANSWER - LHF, pulmonary
edema,
pulmonary fibrosis
More ventilation is at the - CORRECT ANSWER - BASE
More ventilation is at the - CORRECT ANSWER - BASE
O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - CORRECT ANSWER - basic, cold, low 2,3
BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)
O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - CORRECT ANSWER - basic, cold, low 2,3
BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)
O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - CORRECT ANSWER - low pH, high
2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC
O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - CORRECT ANSWER - low pH, high
2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC
RESPIRATORY AND IMMUNOLOGY HIGH YIELD REVIEW 2000
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
2026 || GRADED A+
Type II pneumocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - surfactant (*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Type II pneumocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - surfactant (*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Polio live v killed vaccine - CORRECT ANSWER - Killed = Salk = IgG
Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces
Polio live v killed vaccine - CORRECT ANSWER - Killed = Salk = IgG
Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces
,Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx - CORRECT ANSWER - Maternal DM (*high insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx - CORRECT ANSWER - Maternal DM (*high insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
Lung maturity determined with - CORRECT ANSWER - Amniocentesis of
Phospholipids (*type II pneumocytes)
L >> S
Lung maturity determined with - CORRECT ANSWER - Amniocentesis of
Phospholipids (*type II pneumocytes)
L >> S
Type I pneumocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - Squamous gas diffusion
Type I pneumocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - Squamous gas diffusion
Elastase in lungs - CORRECT ANSWER - macrophage: *lysosomes*
,PMN: *azuronphilic granules*
Elastase in lungs - CORRECT ANSWER - macrophage: *lysosomes*
PMN: *azuronphilic granules*
Elastin stretches and recoils due to - CORRECT ANSWER - Lysine interchain
crosslinks
Elastin stretches and recoils due to - CORRECT ANSWER - Lysine interchain
crosslinks
air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC - CORRECT ANSWER - Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5
air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC - CORRECT ANSWER - Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5
Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - CORRECT ANSWER - Exhale of
Tidal Volume
Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - CORRECT ANSWER - Exhale of
Tidal Volume
, Lung Compliance is decreased by - CORRECT ANSWER - LHF, pulmonary
edema,
pulmonary fibrosis
More ventilation is at the - CORRECT ANSWER - BASE
More ventilation is at the - CORRECT ANSWER - BASE
O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - CORRECT ANSWER - basic, cold, low 2,3
BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)
O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - CORRECT ANSWER - basic, cold, low 2,3
BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)
O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - CORRECT ANSWER - low pH, high
2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC
O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - CORRECT ANSWER - low pH, high
2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC
