PNB 2265 Top Hat Exam 1 Questions 2026 | Verified
Answers | Practice Prep
1. What does the Frank Starling Law state about the relationship between end
diastolic volume and stroke volume?
Decreased stroke volume
Increased heart rate
Increased stroke volume
No change in stroke volume
2. On its way from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, a red blood cell would
pass through (in order):
Pulmonary capillaries, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle
Systemic capillaries, vena cava, left atrium, left ventricle
Pulmonary capillaries, pulmonary veins, right atrium, right ventricle
Systemic capillaries, vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle
3. If a drug were to block sodium channels in cardiac muscle cells, what effect
would this have on the action potential?
It would decrease the rate of depolarization.
It would have no effect on the action potential.
It would enhance calcium influx.
It would increase the heart rate.
4. Carbon Monoxide (CO) binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells (RBC) about
______ times more avidly than oxygen molecules do.
, 200
500
250
400
5. What is the relationship between end systolic volume and stroke volume?
End systolic volume is unrelated to cardiac output.
A decrease in end systolic volume decreases stroke volume.
A decrease in end systolic volume increases stroke volume.
End systolic volume has no effect on stroke volume.
6. A diagnosis of AIDS can be made for an HIV patient with
A. CD4 cell count <200/μL.
C. Flu-like symptoms
B. WBC count <3000/μL (3 × 10^9/L).
CD4 cell count <200u/ul
7. A patient has been living with HIV for several years. Which of the following
blood test results reflects the fact that the patient now has developed AIDS?
White blood cell count of 5300 cells/microliter
CD4+ T-cell count less than 200 cells/microliter
350,000 platelets/microliter
Viral load 500,000copies/mL
8. According to the "Frank-Starling Law", an increase in the stretch of
myocardial cells due to an increase in EDV (end diastolic volume) will result
, in:
loss of contractility
a decreased cardiac output
an increased peripheral resistance
a more forceful contraction
less blood ejected by the heart
9. What does a left shifted hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve indicate
about hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen?
No change in affinity
Decreased affinity for oxygen
Increased affinity for oxygen
Increased carbon dioxide binding
10. If a patient has a condition that leads to increased end diastolic volume,
what physiological change would you expect to observe in their cardiac
output?
Irregular heart rhythms
No change in cardiac output
Increased cardiac output
Decreased cardiac output
11. What substance is formed at the end of the common pathway in
coagulation?
Thrombin
Answers | Practice Prep
1. What does the Frank Starling Law state about the relationship between end
diastolic volume and stroke volume?
Decreased stroke volume
Increased heart rate
Increased stroke volume
No change in stroke volume
2. On its way from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, a red blood cell would
pass through (in order):
Pulmonary capillaries, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle
Systemic capillaries, vena cava, left atrium, left ventricle
Pulmonary capillaries, pulmonary veins, right atrium, right ventricle
Systemic capillaries, vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle
3. If a drug were to block sodium channels in cardiac muscle cells, what effect
would this have on the action potential?
It would decrease the rate of depolarization.
It would have no effect on the action potential.
It would enhance calcium influx.
It would increase the heart rate.
4. Carbon Monoxide (CO) binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells (RBC) about
______ times more avidly than oxygen molecules do.
, 200
500
250
400
5. What is the relationship between end systolic volume and stroke volume?
End systolic volume is unrelated to cardiac output.
A decrease in end systolic volume decreases stroke volume.
A decrease in end systolic volume increases stroke volume.
End systolic volume has no effect on stroke volume.
6. A diagnosis of AIDS can be made for an HIV patient with
A. CD4 cell count <200/μL.
C. Flu-like symptoms
B. WBC count <3000/μL (3 × 10^9/L).
CD4 cell count <200u/ul
7. A patient has been living with HIV for several years. Which of the following
blood test results reflects the fact that the patient now has developed AIDS?
White blood cell count of 5300 cells/microliter
CD4+ T-cell count less than 200 cells/microliter
350,000 platelets/microliter
Viral load 500,000copies/mL
8. According to the "Frank-Starling Law", an increase in the stretch of
myocardial cells due to an increase in EDV (end diastolic volume) will result
, in:
loss of contractility
a decreased cardiac output
an increased peripheral resistance
a more forceful contraction
less blood ejected by the heart
9. What does a left shifted hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve indicate
about hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen?
No change in affinity
Decreased affinity for oxygen
Increased affinity for oxygen
Increased carbon dioxide binding
10. If a patient has a condition that leads to increased end diastolic volume,
what physiological change would you expect to observe in their cardiac
output?
Irregular heart rhythms
No change in cardiac output
Increased cardiac output
Decreased cardiac output
11. What substance is formed at the end of the common pathway in
coagulation?
Thrombin
