NU155 EXAM 2 2026 COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
AND REVIEW QUESTIONS
◉ As a person ages, what happens to the pituitary gland? Answer: It
decreases in size, causing the metabolism to slow down & hormone
secretion to change
◉ What hormones relate to the thyroid? Answer: TRH, TSH, t3 & t4
◉ What releases TRH hormone? Answer: hypothalamus
◉ What is stimulated by TRH to release TSH? Answer: Anterior
pituitary
◉ What stimulates the thyroid to release t3 & t4? Answer: TSH
◉ Signs & symptoms of hypothyroidism include? Answer: Weight
gain, fatigue, sluggish digestion, constipation
◉ What levels can lead to diagnosis of hypothyroidism? Answer:
Decreased t4, decreased t3, & elevated TSH
,◉ What does Levothyroxine treat? Answer: Hypothyroidism
◉ signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism? Answer: Nervousness,
insomnia, heat intolerance, weight loss
◉ What levels can lead to diagnosis of hyperthyroidism? Answer:
Elevated t4, elevated t3, decreased TSH
◉ Thyroid storm is the complication of which patho? Answer:
Hyperthyroidism
◉ Which of the following is caused by an enlargement of the thyroid
and is diagnosed using a radioactive iodine scan? Answer: Goiter
◉ Which of the following can cause body image issues & is caused by
hyperthyroidism? Answer: Exophthalmos
◉ Which blood test is used to detect the presence of thyroid
antibodies and iodine affects the results? Answer: Antithyroid
antibody titer
◉ Which blood test is used to differentiate between pituitary and
thyroid dysfunction? Answer: TSH
,◉ What type of diagnostic test is used to assess thyroid function and
measure the rate of iodine uptake by the thyroid? Answer:
Radioactive iodine uptake ( RAIU )
◉ What type of diagnostic test is used to determine the size, shape,
& activity of the thyroid gland? Answer: Thyroid scan
◉ Which of the following glands is responsible for keeping blood
calcium levels in an appropriate range? Answer: Parathyroid
◉ What medication treats hypoparathyroidism? Answer: Calcium
gluconate
◉ What type of diabetes is caused by lack of beta cells in the islets of
langerhans in the pancreas? Answer: Type 1 diabetes
◉ What type of diabetes is caused by insulin resistance? Answer:
Type 2 diabetes
◉ What type of diabetes requires constant need for exogenous
insulin? Answer: Type 1 diabetes
◉ What is the first sign of hypoglycemia? Answer: Confusion
, ◉ When a patient is in DKA , what is the treatment? Answer: IV
regular insulin
◉ What is is called when a patients blood glucose is high in the
morning as your body releases hormones? Answer: Dawn
phenomenon
◉ What is is called when a patients blood glucose is low during the
night but increases later due to the release of glucagon? Answer:
Somogyi effect
◉ What diagnostic test is the best way to determine if a patient has
diabetes? Answer: Hemoglobin A1C
◉ What diagnostic test is to determine the circulating level of
glucose? Answer: Fasting blood glucose
◉ What diagnostic test is done after eating and determines the need
for a glucose tolerance test? Answer: 2-h postprandial blood glucose
◉ What diagnostic test is done to determine abnormal glucose
metabolism? Answer: Glucose tolerance test
AND REVIEW QUESTIONS
◉ As a person ages, what happens to the pituitary gland? Answer: It
decreases in size, causing the metabolism to slow down & hormone
secretion to change
◉ What hormones relate to the thyroid? Answer: TRH, TSH, t3 & t4
◉ What releases TRH hormone? Answer: hypothalamus
◉ What is stimulated by TRH to release TSH? Answer: Anterior
pituitary
◉ What stimulates the thyroid to release t3 & t4? Answer: TSH
◉ Signs & symptoms of hypothyroidism include? Answer: Weight
gain, fatigue, sluggish digestion, constipation
◉ What levels can lead to diagnosis of hypothyroidism? Answer:
Decreased t4, decreased t3, & elevated TSH
,◉ What does Levothyroxine treat? Answer: Hypothyroidism
◉ signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism? Answer: Nervousness,
insomnia, heat intolerance, weight loss
◉ What levels can lead to diagnosis of hyperthyroidism? Answer:
Elevated t4, elevated t3, decreased TSH
◉ Thyroid storm is the complication of which patho? Answer:
Hyperthyroidism
◉ Which of the following is caused by an enlargement of the thyroid
and is diagnosed using a radioactive iodine scan? Answer: Goiter
◉ Which of the following can cause body image issues & is caused by
hyperthyroidism? Answer: Exophthalmos
◉ Which blood test is used to detect the presence of thyroid
antibodies and iodine affects the results? Answer: Antithyroid
antibody titer
◉ Which blood test is used to differentiate between pituitary and
thyroid dysfunction? Answer: TSH
,◉ What type of diagnostic test is used to assess thyroid function and
measure the rate of iodine uptake by the thyroid? Answer:
Radioactive iodine uptake ( RAIU )
◉ What type of diagnostic test is used to determine the size, shape,
& activity of the thyroid gland? Answer: Thyroid scan
◉ Which of the following glands is responsible for keeping blood
calcium levels in an appropriate range? Answer: Parathyroid
◉ What medication treats hypoparathyroidism? Answer: Calcium
gluconate
◉ What type of diabetes is caused by lack of beta cells in the islets of
langerhans in the pancreas? Answer: Type 1 diabetes
◉ What type of diabetes is caused by insulin resistance? Answer:
Type 2 diabetes
◉ What type of diabetes requires constant need for exogenous
insulin? Answer: Type 1 diabetes
◉ What is the first sign of hypoglycemia? Answer: Confusion
, ◉ When a patient is in DKA , what is the treatment? Answer: IV
regular insulin
◉ What is is called when a patients blood glucose is high in the
morning as your body releases hormones? Answer: Dawn
phenomenon
◉ What is is called when a patients blood glucose is low during the
night but increases later due to the release of glucagon? Answer:
Somogyi effect
◉ What diagnostic test is the best way to determine if a patient has
diabetes? Answer: Hemoglobin A1C
◉ What diagnostic test is to determine the circulating level of
glucose? Answer: Fasting blood glucose
◉ What diagnostic test is done after eating and determines the need
for a glucose tolerance test? Answer: 2-h postprandial blood glucose
◉ What diagnostic test is done to determine abnormal glucose
metabolism? Answer: Glucose tolerance test
