WGU C168 CRITICAL THINKING AND
LOGIC ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ First-order thinking that is consciously realized (analyzed, reassessed,
reconstructed)..
Answer: Second-order thinking
◍ Characteristics of an Advanced Thinker (Paul and Elder).
Answer: -Understanding the role of critical thinking in the quality of life and
the relationship among thoughts, feelings, and desires-Monitoring thoughts,
feelings, desires-Employing strategies for improving critical thinking
andcritiques of progress in improvement-Developing new habits of thought
andsensitivity to inconsistency and contradictions-Embracing intellectual
integrityintellectual empathyintellectual courage
◍ Adopting an overly narrow point of view and thinking in absolutes..
Answer: Egocentric myopia
◍ 8. All reasoning leads somewhere or has implications and consequences..
Answer: Trace the logical implications and consequences that follow from
your reasoning. Search for negative as well as positive implications.
Consider all possible significant consequences.5.21 Think for Yourself
CHECKPOINTS IN THINKING
◍ Bias.
Answer: A partiality or prejudice that prevents objective consideration of an
issue or situation.
◍ Conclusion or outcome of reasoning..
Answer: Inference
,◍ Assumption that one own's social group is superior to all others..
Answer: Sociocentrism
◍ Dismissing an argument by attacking the person who offers it rather than
refuting its reasoning..
Answer: Ad hominem
◍ Thinking of oneself while adhering to standards of rationality.
Answer: Intellectual autonomy
◍ Strive to be ethical. Strive to emphasize with other viewpoints. Will
entertain arguments they do not agree with. Change views when confronted
with superior reasoning. Employ thinking reasonably rather than
manipulatively..
Answer: Strong-sense critical thinking
◍ Accuracy.
Answer: Has the veracity or accuracy of the information been challenged?
Does it match other sources of information on the same topic, or on the
facts? How current is the information? Is it the most up-to-date?
◍ B..
Answer: Distinctions between elements of reasoning are _____ not _____.A.
Absolute/RelativeB. Relative/AbsoluteC. Subjective/ObjectiveD.
Objective/Subjective
◍ In analyzing causation, looking for pattern of variation between possible
cause and possible effect (e.g. Exposing lab animals to different strains of
tropical microbe to see which are likely to cause sickness).
Answer: Concomitant variation
◍ When is the optimal time for a learner to apply the Elements of Reasoning
to the logic of a subject?.
Answer: Before the learner has begun his or her course of study
◍ Determines how many other viewpoints are being taken in to consideration
and how many perspectives are being looked at for a problem..
, Answer: Breadth
◍ Three functions of the mind.
Answer: thinkingfeelingwanting
◍ Ability to win an argument regardless of flaws in its reasoning.
Answer: Soohistry
◍ Evidence and reasoning within single system. Serve as basis of knowledge.
Only one correct answer..
Answer: Questions of fact
◍ Commitment to discover the extent of your own ignorance on any issue..
Answer: Intellectual humility
◍ ELEMENT OF REASONPURPOSE.
Answer: DESCRIPTIONWe reason to some goal or objective whenever we
reason. If our purpose is faulty (e.g., confused or muddled), our reasoning in
pursuit of it will suffer.APPLYING THE INTELLECTUAL
STANDARDSAlways state your purpose precisely.Strive to be clear about
your purpose in all situations.Pose questions that sharpen your focus on your
purpose.Is my purpose significant?Is it justifiable?Does it contradict other
goals I have?
◍ Evidence and reasoning within multiple systems. Competing answers.
Reasoned judgement. More than one answer, with some better than others..
Answer: Questions of judgement
◍ Working one's way through intellectual complexities despite frustrations
inherent in doing so.
Answer: Intellectual perseverance
◍ Challenging the thinking within a field of knowledge, profession, or
academic discipline is easy and straightforward. True or false?.
Answer: FalseChallenging the thinking within a field of knowledge,
profession, or academic discipline is no easy matter, but critical consumers
will ask difficult questions to challenge the status quo.
, ◍ Inhabiting perspectives of others in order to genuinely understand them..
Answer: Intellectual empathy
◍ Thinking you understand information, but you don't and can't use it..
Answer: Inert information
◍ Citing majority sentiment or popular opinion as the reason for supporting a
claim is an example of:.
Answer: appeal to popularity
◍ Bringing significant ideas and knowledge into the mind and being able to
apply them, systematically, to new situations..
Answer: Activated knowledge
◍ Thinking, feeling, and wanting.
Answer: Three functions of the mind
◍ Which of the following is not a bad habit of thought?.
Answer: reasoning from assumptions that are not one's own
◍ Opponents of off-shore drilling for oil in the
U. S. will make us totally dependent on expensive and unreliable sources of
petroleum from the Middle East in exchange for misguided overprotection
of the environment.".
Answer: This is a straw man fallacy. This statement distorts the position of
those who oppose off-shore drilling on environmental grounds; most argue
for replacing petroleum with renewable energy sources, not continuing to
rely on Middle Eastern oil.
◍ Ignore flaws in own thinking. Often tries to win arguments through
intellectually trickery or deceit..
Answer: Weak-sense critical thinking
◍ Confronting ideas, viewpoints, or beliefs with fairness, even when doing so
is painful..
Answer: Intellectual courage
◍ Tendency to view everything in relationship to oneself..
LOGIC ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ First-order thinking that is consciously realized (analyzed, reassessed,
reconstructed)..
Answer: Second-order thinking
◍ Characteristics of an Advanced Thinker (Paul and Elder).
Answer: -Understanding the role of critical thinking in the quality of life and
the relationship among thoughts, feelings, and desires-Monitoring thoughts,
feelings, desires-Employing strategies for improving critical thinking
andcritiques of progress in improvement-Developing new habits of thought
andsensitivity to inconsistency and contradictions-Embracing intellectual
integrityintellectual empathyintellectual courage
◍ Adopting an overly narrow point of view and thinking in absolutes..
Answer: Egocentric myopia
◍ 8. All reasoning leads somewhere or has implications and consequences..
Answer: Trace the logical implications and consequences that follow from
your reasoning. Search for negative as well as positive implications.
Consider all possible significant consequences.5.21 Think for Yourself
CHECKPOINTS IN THINKING
◍ Bias.
Answer: A partiality or prejudice that prevents objective consideration of an
issue or situation.
◍ Conclusion or outcome of reasoning..
Answer: Inference
,◍ Assumption that one own's social group is superior to all others..
Answer: Sociocentrism
◍ Dismissing an argument by attacking the person who offers it rather than
refuting its reasoning..
Answer: Ad hominem
◍ Thinking of oneself while adhering to standards of rationality.
Answer: Intellectual autonomy
◍ Strive to be ethical. Strive to emphasize with other viewpoints. Will
entertain arguments they do not agree with. Change views when confronted
with superior reasoning. Employ thinking reasonably rather than
manipulatively..
Answer: Strong-sense critical thinking
◍ Accuracy.
Answer: Has the veracity or accuracy of the information been challenged?
Does it match other sources of information on the same topic, or on the
facts? How current is the information? Is it the most up-to-date?
◍ B..
Answer: Distinctions between elements of reasoning are _____ not _____.A.
Absolute/RelativeB. Relative/AbsoluteC. Subjective/ObjectiveD.
Objective/Subjective
◍ In analyzing causation, looking for pattern of variation between possible
cause and possible effect (e.g. Exposing lab animals to different strains of
tropical microbe to see which are likely to cause sickness).
Answer: Concomitant variation
◍ When is the optimal time for a learner to apply the Elements of Reasoning
to the logic of a subject?.
Answer: Before the learner has begun his or her course of study
◍ Determines how many other viewpoints are being taken in to consideration
and how many perspectives are being looked at for a problem..
, Answer: Breadth
◍ Three functions of the mind.
Answer: thinkingfeelingwanting
◍ Ability to win an argument regardless of flaws in its reasoning.
Answer: Soohistry
◍ Evidence and reasoning within single system. Serve as basis of knowledge.
Only one correct answer..
Answer: Questions of fact
◍ Commitment to discover the extent of your own ignorance on any issue..
Answer: Intellectual humility
◍ ELEMENT OF REASONPURPOSE.
Answer: DESCRIPTIONWe reason to some goal or objective whenever we
reason. If our purpose is faulty (e.g., confused or muddled), our reasoning in
pursuit of it will suffer.APPLYING THE INTELLECTUAL
STANDARDSAlways state your purpose precisely.Strive to be clear about
your purpose in all situations.Pose questions that sharpen your focus on your
purpose.Is my purpose significant?Is it justifiable?Does it contradict other
goals I have?
◍ Evidence and reasoning within multiple systems. Competing answers.
Reasoned judgement. More than one answer, with some better than others..
Answer: Questions of judgement
◍ Working one's way through intellectual complexities despite frustrations
inherent in doing so.
Answer: Intellectual perseverance
◍ Challenging the thinking within a field of knowledge, profession, or
academic discipline is easy and straightforward. True or false?.
Answer: FalseChallenging the thinking within a field of knowledge,
profession, or academic discipline is no easy matter, but critical consumers
will ask difficult questions to challenge the status quo.
, ◍ Inhabiting perspectives of others in order to genuinely understand them..
Answer: Intellectual empathy
◍ Thinking you understand information, but you don't and can't use it..
Answer: Inert information
◍ Citing majority sentiment or popular opinion as the reason for supporting a
claim is an example of:.
Answer: appeal to popularity
◍ Bringing significant ideas and knowledge into the mind and being able to
apply them, systematically, to new situations..
Answer: Activated knowledge
◍ Thinking, feeling, and wanting.
Answer: Three functions of the mind
◍ Which of the following is not a bad habit of thought?.
Answer: reasoning from assumptions that are not one's own
◍ Opponents of off-shore drilling for oil in the
U. S. will make us totally dependent on expensive and unreliable sources of
petroleum from the Middle East in exchange for misguided overprotection
of the environment.".
Answer: This is a straw man fallacy. This statement distorts the position of
those who oppose off-shore drilling on environmental grounds; most argue
for replacing petroleum with renewable energy sources, not continuing to
rely on Middle Eastern oil.
◍ Ignore flaws in own thinking. Often tries to win arguments through
intellectually trickery or deceit..
Answer: Weak-sense critical thinking
◍ Confronting ideas, viewpoints, or beliefs with fairness, even when doing so
is painful..
Answer: Intellectual courage
◍ Tendency to view everything in relationship to oneself..
