NR-503 Epidemiology Final Exam Questions
and Verified Answers 100% Correct (A+)
2026
• True or False? Socrates popularized the notion that the environment is associated with
human disease -✓✓False
• True or False? The epidemiologic and clinical descriptions of a disease are different -
✓✓True
• True or False? In current thinking, the term epidemic is used only to describe
outbreaks of infectious disease. -✓✓False
• True or False? Most of the time, epidemiologic researchers confront a problem that
has a clear etiologic basis. -✓✓False
• Which of the following activities characterizes a clinical approach (as opposed to an
epidermiologic approach) -✓✓Description of specific signs and symptoms in a patient
• Which of the following is usually an aim of epidemiology? -✓✓All of the above
• True or False? The study of diseases linked to harmful physical energy, such as
ionizing radiation, would be outside the scope of epidemiology. -✓✓False
• True or False? Environmental and occupational health problems are a specialization of
epidemiology. -✓✓True
• Which of the following activities characterizes an epidemiologic approach (as opposed
to a clinical approach)? -✓✓Surveillance of a population
• True or False? The 1918 Influenza Pandemic is also known as "the Mother of All
Pandemics. -✓✓True
• True or False? The Framingham Heart Study, begun in 1948, pioneered research into
coronary heart disease risk factors. -✓✓True
• The phases of the policy cycle include: -✓✓all of the above
• The difference between primary and secondary prevention of disease is -✓✓primary
prevention means control of causal factors, while secondary prevention means early
detection and treatment of disease.
, • True or False? An example of operations research is using epidemiology to plan the
placement of health services in a community. -✓✓True
• The uses of epidemiology include: -✓✓all of the above
• According to the natural history of disease model, the time before the precursors of
disease and the host interact is called the period of -✓✓prepathogenesis
• Increases in lung cancer mortality, especially among women, illustrate which of the
following trends in disease occurrence? -✓✓a new epidemic disorder
• True or False? John Cassel argued that the agent, host, and environment triad
provided an adequate explanation for chronic diseases of non-infectious origin. -
✓✓False
• There has been an increase in the number of epidemiologic studies reported in
medical journals because: -✓✓they interest the public and physicians concerned with
preventive medicine.
• True or False? The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey is a continuing
probability survey of physicians who practice in public settings such as V.A. centers. -
✓✓false
• What factors should be considered in measuring long-term changes in disease
frequency over time? -✓✓all of the above
• Which form of prevention takes place after the precursors of disease interact with the
host? -✓✓both a and B
• True or False? The existence of a dose-response relationship, that is, an increase in
disease risk with an increase in the amount of exposure, does not support the view that
an association is a causal one -✓✓False
• True or False? High firearm death rates and homicide rates are indicators of adverse
conditions within the community. -✓✓True
• The risk of acquiring a given disease during a time period is best determined by: -
✓✓the incidence rate (cumulative incidence) for that disease in a given period of time.
• True or False? Calculation of the standardized mortality ratio is an example of the
direct method of age adjustment. -✓✓False
• Successful treatment programs that would shorten the duration of a disease primarily
affect: -✓✓the prevalence of the disease
and Verified Answers 100% Correct (A+)
2026
• True or False? Socrates popularized the notion that the environment is associated with
human disease -✓✓False
• True or False? The epidemiologic and clinical descriptions of a disease are different -
✓✓True
• True or False? In current thinking, the term epidemic is used only to describe
outbreaks of infectious disease. -✓✓False
• True or False? Most of the time, epidemiologic researchers confront a problem that
has a clear etiologic basis. -✓✓False
• Which of the following activities characterizes a clinical approach (as opposed to an
epidermiologic approach) -✓✓Description of specific signs and symptoms in a patient
• Which of the following is usually an aim of epidemiology? -✓✓All of the above
• True or False? The study of diseases linked to harmful physical energy, such as
ionizing radiation, would be outside the scope of epidemiology. -✓✓False
• True or False? Environmental and occupational health problems are a specialization of
epidemiology. -✓✓True
• Which of the following activities characterizes an epidemiologic approach (as opposed
to a clinical approach)? -✓✓Surveillance of a population
• True or False? The 1918 Influenza Pandemic is also known as "the Mother of All
Pandemics. -✓✓True
• True or False? The Framingham Heart Study, begun in 1948, pioneered research into
coronary heart disease risk factors. -✓✓True
• The phases of the policy cycle include: -✓✓all of the above
• The difference between primary and secondary prevention of disease is -✓✓primary
prevention means control of causal factors, while secondary prevention means early
detection and treatment of disease.
, • True or False? An example of operations research is using epidemiology to plan the
placement of health services in a community. -✓✓True
• The uses of epidemiology include: -✓✓all of the above
• According to the natural history of disease model, the time before the precursors of
disease and the host interact is called the period of -✓✓prepathogenesis
• Increases in lung cancer mortality, especially among women, illustrate which of the
following trends in disease occurrence? -✓✓a new epidemic disorder
• True or False? John Cassel argued that the agent, host, and environment triad
provided an adequate explanation for chronic diseases of non-infectious origin. -
✓✓False
• There has been an increase in the number of epidemiologic studies reported in
medical journals because: -✓✓they interest the public and physicians concerned with
preventive medicine.
• True or False? The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey is a continuing
probability survey of physicians who practice in public settings such as V.A. centers. -
✓✓false
• What factors should be considered in measuring long-term changes in disease
frequency over time? -✓✓all of the above
• Which form of prevention takes place after the precursors of disease interact with the
host? -✓✓both a and B
• True or False? The existence of a dose-response relationship, that is, an increase in
disease risk with an increase in the amount of exposure, does not support the view that
an association is a causal one -✓✓False
• True or False? High firearm death rates and homicide rates are indicators of adverse
conditions within the community. -✓✓True
• The risk of acquiring a given disease during a time period is best determined by: -
✓✓the incidence rate (cumulative incidence) for that disease in a given period of time.
• True or False? Calculation of the standardized mortality ratio is an example of the
direct method of age adjustment. -✓✓False
• Successful treatment programs that would shorten the duration of a disease primarily
affect: -✓✓the prevalence of the disease
