TEST BANK
Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques
Carolyn Kisner, Lynn Allen Colby, and John Borstad
8th Edition
,Table of Contents
Physical Therapists Test Bank 1
Chapter 01: Therapeutic Exercise: Foundational Concepts 1
Chapter 02: Prevention, Health Promotion, and Wellness 7
Chapter 03: Range of Motion 11
Chapter 04: Stretching for Improved Mobility 15
Chapter 05: Peripheral Joint Mobilization/Manipulation 23
Chapter 06: Resistance Exercise for Impaired Muscle Performance 30
Chapter 07: Principles of Aerobic Exercise 40
Chapter 08: Exercise for Impaired Balance 46
Chapter 09: Aquatic Exercise 52
Chapter 10: Soft Tissue Injury, Repair, and Management 58
Chapter 11: Joint, Connective Tissue, and Bone Disorders and Management 62
Chapter 12: Surgical Interventions and Postoperative Management 67
Chapter 13: Peripheral Nerve Disorders and Management 72
Chapter 14: The Spine: Structure, Function, and Posture 77
Chapter 15: The Spine: Management Guidelines 81
Chapter 16: The Spine: Exercise and Manipulation Interventions 87
Chapter 17: The Shoulder and Shoulder Girdle 93
Chapter 18: The Elbow and Forearm Complex 100
Chapter 19: The Wrist and Hand 105
Chapter 20: The Hip 112
Chapter 21: The Knee 116
Chapter 22: The Ankle and Foot 123
Chapter 23: Advanced Functional Training 128
Chapter 24: Exercise in the Older Adult 132
Chapter 25: Women’s Health: Obstetrics and Pelvic Floor 137
Chapter 26: Management of Lymphatic Disorders 142
Chapter 27: Exercise for Special Populations 147
Bonus Chapter 24 Test Questions 151
Bonus Chapter 25 Test Questions 153
Physical Therapist Assistants Test Bank 155
Chapter 01: Therapeutic Exercise: Foundational Concepts 155
Chapter 02: Prevention, Health and Wellness 158
Chapter 03: Range of Motion 161
Chapter 04: Stretching for Impaired Mobility 165
Chapter 05: Peripheral Joint Mobilization 169
Chapter 06: Resistance Exercise for Impaired Muscle Performance 173
Chapter 07: Principles of Aerobic Exercise 178
Chapter 08: Exercise for Impaired Balance 182
Chapter 09: Aquatic Exercise 186
Chapter 10: Soft Tissue Injury, Repair, and Management 190
,Chapter 11: Joint, Connective Tissue, and Bone Disorders and Their Management 194
Chapter 12: Surgical Interventions and Postoperative Management 197
Chapter 13: Peripheral Nerve Disorders and Management 201
Chapter 14: The Spine: Structure, Function, and Posture 205
Chapter 15: The Spine: Management Guidelines 209
Chapter 16: The Spine: Exercise and Manipulation Interventions 213
Chapter 17: The Shoulder and Shoulder Girdle 217
Chapter 18: The Elbow and Forearm Complex 220
Chapter 19: The Wrist & Hand 224
Chapter 20: The Hip 228
Chapter 21: The Knee 232
Chapter 22: The Ankle & Foot 236
Chapter 23: Advanced Functional Training 240
Chapter 24: Exercise for the Older Adult 243
Chapter 25: Women's Health: Obstetrics and Pelvic Floor 246
Chapter 26: Management of Lymphatic Disorders 250
Chapter 27: Exercises for Special Populations 253
Bonus Chapter 24 Test Questions 257
Bonus Chapter 25 Test Questions 259
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Test Bank - Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 8th Edition (Kisner, 2023)
Chapter 1: Therapeutic Exercise: Foundational Concepts
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. According to the definition of therapeutic exercise and the goal of designing an
individualized program of therapeutic exercise, the physical therapist might develop a
therapeutic exercise program in order to:
A. Restore function through the elimination of body structure impairments.
B. Improve function but not to remediate or reduce disability.
C. Optimize overall health status, fitness, or sense of well-being.
D. Remediate activity limitations but not to reduce health-related risk factors.
ANS: C DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
2. Awareness of safety measures during exercise protects the patient and the therapist. All of
the following measures should be routinely taken to prevent injury to the patient and/or
therapist except:
A. Recommend that the patient discontinue taking any medication that might impair
balance or tolerance for physical activity.
B. Maintain proper body mechanics while applying manual resistance, stretching, or
joint-mobilization techniques.
C. Assess the physical environment for adequate space and equipment.
D. Provide the necessary feedback and education for proper performance of
therapeutic exercise.
ANS: A DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
3. Which of the following terms associated with aspects of physical function is used to
describe the ability of the neuromuscular system to statically or dynamically hold proximal
or distal body segments in appropriate positions using synergistic muscle action?
A. Muscle strength
B. Muscle power
C. Coordination
D. Stability
ANS: D DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
4. Which of the following terms is synonymous with cardiopulmonary fitness and is associated
with the aspects of physical function that can be modified by therapeutic exercise?
A. Cardiopulmonary resistance
B. Cardiopulmonary endurance
C. Cardiopulmonary stability
D. Cardiopulmonary strength
ANS: B DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
5. Each of the following is a step in the process of evidence-based practice except:
A. Convert the patient problem to an answerable clinical question.
B. Spend many hours gathering any and all information that might be used to answer
the question.
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Test Bank - Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 8th Edition (Kisner, 2023)
C. Integrate relevant evidence with clinical experience and expertise to make
decisions about the management and care of a patient.
D. Assess the outcomes of interventions based on evidence.
ANS: B DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
6. According to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
endorsed by the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA), a rotator cuff tear is
considered a(n):
A. Health condition.
B. Impairment.
C. Functional limitation.
D. Disability.
ANS: A DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
7. Which of the following components of the ICF model is defined by the individual’s
life-style, education, and social and environmental backgrounds?
A. Risk factors for health conditions
B. Impairments in body function
C. Participation restrictions
D. Contextual factors
ANS: D DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
8. Ms. C is an 18-year-old who is 3 days post-ACL reconstruction. She must wear a knee
immobilizer during ambulation with axillary crutches and must remain partial weight
bearing on the involved side. She has limited passive and active range of motion of the
operated knee. According to the ICF model of functioning and disability, her limited knee
ROM is classified as a:
A. Secondary impairment of body structure.
B. Primary impairment of body function.
C. Primary impairment of body structure.
D. Secondary impairment of body function.
ANS: B DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
9. Ms. L is a 78-year-old who underwent surgery for internal fixation of an intertrochanteric
fracture of the (L) hip 3 days ago. For the next few weeks she must remain
nonweight-bearing on the operated side and has begun to use a walker for ambulation. She
is able to walk for short distances around her hospital bed but is not yet able to rise from a
chair to standing. According to the ICF model, the inability to stand from a sitting position
is classified as a(n):
A. Health condition.
B. Impairment.
C. Activity limitation.
D. Participation restriction.
ANS: C DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
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Test Bank - Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 8th Edition (Kisner, 2023)
10. Part of a preseason screening program for high school athletes includes testing the stability
of the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints. If you identify an athlete with signs of
shoulder instability but has no activity limitations or participation restrictions, you might
suggest an exercise program designed to prevent or reduce the risk of injury during the
season. This is an example of what type of prevention?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. Indirect
ANS: B DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
11. Which of the following is a true statement about the components of the patient management
model described in the Guide to Physical Therapist Practice?
A. Patient education is the one intervention that should be included for every patient
throughout the entire episode of care.
B. Goals and outcomes are synonymous terms.
C. A primary focus of the diagnostic process performed by physical therapists is the
identification of pathology.
D. It is appropriate to discontinue a patient from an exercise program only when the
patient has attained the goals stated in the initial plan of care.
ANS: A DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
12. According to the patient management model described in the Guide to Physical Therapist
Practice, each of the following is a component of the examination performed by the
physical therapist except:
A. Selecting and performing appropriate tests and measures.
B. Taking a patient’s history either verbally or from the medical record.
C. Interpreting information derived from specific measurement tools to form a
diagnosis and prognosis.
D. Performing a systems review.
ANS: C DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
13. As a result of supraspinatus impingement syndrome, Mrs. J is unable to lift her arm fully
overhead without pain. You plan to design an exercise program consisting of both discrete
and serial tasks. You do not want to include continuous tasks at this time. Which of the
following should not be included?
A. ROM exercises using a cloth to wipe down the wall
B. Active reaching exercises to place small objects in a cabinet
C. Active assisted stretching by lifting a cane overhead in supine
D. Warming up on the upper extremity (UE) ergometer (UE cycling)
ANS: D DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
14. Your patient is performing pelvic tilt exercises for the first time and needs verbal and tactile
cues (feedback) to perform the exercises correctly. This represents which stage of motor
learning?
A. Cognitive
B. Contemplative
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Test Bank - Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 8th Edition (Kisner, 2023)
C. Associative
D. Autonomous
ANS: A DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
15. During several physical therapy sessions, a patient you have been treating for low back pain
learned how to perform pelvic tilt exercises in several positions (supine, sitting, quadruped,
standing). With continued practice at home, your patient is now able to perform extremity
movements while maintaining a stable pelvic position. This represents which stage of motor
learning?
A. Cognitive
B. Continuous
C. Associative
D. Autonomous
ANS: D DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
16. You are helping a patient learn a motor skill. You set up several variations of the same task
(walking on several types of surfaces). You have the patient perform one variation of the
task and have him identify his own errors after the first repetition (or point out errors to him
after the first repetition). Next, allow him to repeat the same variation of the task one or two
more times before moving on to another variation of the task. What term best describes this
type of practice?
A. Blocked
B. Random-blocked
C. Random
D. Augmented
ANS: B DIF: Difficult KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
17. In which of the following stages of motor learning does augmented/extrinsic feedback have
the most positive impact on acquisition of a motor skill?
A. Cognitive stage
B. Associative stage
C. Autonomous stage
D. External feedback is equally effective in any stage of motor learning.
ANS: A DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
18. Helping a patient acquire the ability to shift his weight from side to side in a standing
position by means of manual guidance by the therapist is called:
A. Summary feedback.
B. Delayed feedback.
C. Concurrent feedback.
D. Instantaneous post response feedback.
ANS: C DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
19. For which of the following tasks will teaching components (parts) of the motor task be most
effective?
A. Swinging a golf club
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Test Bank - Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 8th Edition (Kisner, 2023)
B. Riding a stationary bicycle
C. Grasping an object
D. Performing a standing-pivot transfer from bed to wheelchair
ANS: D DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
20. Consistent with the taxonomy of motor tasks, which of the following activities is the best
example of body stability in an open environment with intertrial variability without
manipulation?
A. Maintaining sitting balance while riding a bus from school to home
B. Maintaining standing balance while on an escalator
C. Maintaining balance on a sidewalk or on the grass
D. Maintaining sitting balance in chairs of different heights in your family room when
you are home alone
ANS: A DIF: Difficult KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
21. Which of the following is not a prerequisite for motor skill acquisition and retention?
A. Augmented feedback
B. Understanding the task or goal
C. Being able to activate the motor system
D. Being able to retrieve motor memories over time
ANS: A DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
22. As a therapist, you can be relatively confident that motor learning has taken place when
your patient demonstrates which of the following?
A. Consecutive repetitions of a task without error during the treatment session
B. Decreased need for manual guidance during the treatment sessions
C. The ability to perform a slight variation of the task in a new context during the
treatment session
D. Increased speed demonstrated when carrying out the task
ANS: C DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
23. Patient satisfaction is an important area for outcome assessment in physical therapy when
following the patient management model described in the Guide to Physical Therapist
Practice. There are several determinants of patient satisfaction that, if included in the
gathering and analysis of data, may help clinics to improve the quality of care being
provided. Each of these has been shown in the literature to be determinant of patient
satisfaction except:
A. Professionalism, empathy, and helpfulness of the therapist.
B. Patient participation in goal setting in the plan of care.
C. The chronicity of the patient’s condition (higher satisfaction with patients having
chronic conditions).
D. Convenience of access and flexibility for scheduling appointments.
ANS: C DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
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Test Bank - Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 8th Edition (Kisner, 2023)
24. The body systems react, adapt, and develop in response to forces and physical stresses
placed on them. All of the following stresses help the body to develop and maintain a
functional level of strength except:
A. Gravity.
B. Weight-bearing.
C. Therapeutic exercise.
D. Bed rest.
ANS: D DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
25. Which of the following has been proposed by the APTA to identify an area of expertise
unique to physical therapy providers and to be the core of physical therapy practice,
education and research?
A. Therapeutic exercise
B. The human movement system
C. The motor learning process
D. Classification of functioning and disability
ANS: B DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
26. Adjusting the load demand of exercise is one of the key tasks required of the physical
therapist in order to achieve a positive therapeutic outcome. All of the following are
variables specific to adjusting load except:
A. Exercise mode
B. Exercise frequency
C. Stage of tissue healing
D. Patient position
ANS: C DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
27. Use of the Physical Stress Theory (PST) is best represented by which of the following
scenarios?
A. The therapist progresses the exercise load at each treatment session as long as the
patient is motivated to achieve results quickly.
B. The therapist first assesses tolerance for exercise and then determines how to
prescribe exercises that will result in muscle hypertrophy.
C. The therapist adjusts the exercise load based on determination of exercise tolerance
which may result in either increasing or decreasing the exercise parameters.
D. The therapist progresses exercise parameters until the patient no longer tolerates
the load and then maintains the stress to the tissues to build strength.
ANS: C DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
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Test Bank - Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 8th Edition (Kisner, 2023)
Chapter 2: Prevention, Health Promotion, and Wellness
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Each of the following is a prescreening question that should be addressed before
participation in a health promotion program, except:
A. Have you ever been diagnosed with a heart condition?
B. What are your blood pressure and heart rate normally?
C. Do you experience chest pain when you engage in physical activity?
D. Do you ever lose your balance or lose consciousness?
ANS: B DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
2. An individual who perceives a threat of contracting a disease decides to follow specific
health recommendations because he believes that he can prevent or reduce the risk of
contracting the disease. These behaviors are aligned with what behavioral change theory or
model?
A. Social cognitive theory
B. Health belief model
C. Transtheoretical model
D. Risk assessment theory
ANS: B DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
3. The goals of Healthy People 2030 are based on the nation’s vision to:
A. Eliminate HIV and develop an immunization for prevention of AIDS.
B. Develop a cure for the common cold and other communicable diseases
C. Promote smoking cessation, eliminate tobacco use, and pass legislation in all states
banning smoking in public places.
D. Foster a society in which all people can achieve their full potential for health and
well-being and live long and healthy lives.
ANS: D DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
4. Mr. K has had chronic low back pain for several years. He has a sedentary life-style that
includes office work and being a self-reported “TV junkie.” His physician suggests physical
therapy for exercise and management of his pain. Even though Mr. K schedules physical
therapy, initially he does not think that exercises will help his pain. He does not associate his
life-style with his low back pain and therefore does not consider making changes. After his
first session with the physical therapist, Mr. K realizes that changes in his life-style and
adding regular exercise may help decrease his low back pain. So he decides to continue
physical therapy two times a week for 1 month as suggested. Following the first physical
therapy session, Mr. K shows he is in which of the following stages of change associated
with the transtheoretical model of behavioral change?
A. Contemplation
B. Preparation
C. Action
D. Maintenance
ANS: B DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
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Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques
Carolyn Kisner, Lynn Allen Colby, and John Borstad
8th Edition
,Table of Contents
Physical Therapists Test Bank 1
Chapter 01: Therapeutic Exercise: Foundational Concepts 1
Chapter 02: Prevention, Health Promotion, and Wellness 7
Chapter 03: Range of Motion 11
Chapter 04: Stretching for Improved Mobility 15
Chapter 05: Peripheral Joint Mobilization/Manipulation 23
Chapter 06: Resistance Exercise for Impaired Muscle Performance 30
Chapter 07: Principles of Aerobic Exercise 40
Chapter 08: Exercise for Impaired Balance 46
Chapter 09: Aquatic Exercise 52
Chapter 10: Soft Tissue Injury, Repair, and Management 58
Chapter 11: Joint, Connective Tissue, and Bone Disorders and Management 62
Chapter 12: Surgical Interventions and Postoperative Management 67
Chapter 13: Peripheral Nerve Disorders and Management 72
Chapter 14: The Spine: Structure, Function, and Posture 77
Chapter 15: The Spine: Management Guidelines 81
Chapter 16: The Spine: Exercise and Manipulation Interventions 87
Chapter 17: The Shoulder and Shoulder Girdle 93
Chapter 18: The Elbow and Forearm Complex 100
Chapter 19: The Wrist and Hand 105
Chapter 20: The Hip 112
Chapter 21: The Knee 116
Chapter 22: The Ankle and Foot 123
Chapter 23: Advanced Functional Training 128
Chapter 24: Exercise in the Older Adult 132
Chapter 25: Women’s Health: Obstetrics and Pelvic Floor 137
Chapter 26: Management of Lymphatic Disorders 142
Chapter 27: Exercise for Special Populations 147
Bonus Chapter 24 Test Questions 151
Bonus Chapter 25 Test Questions 153
Physical Therapist Assistants Test Bank 155
Chapter 01: Therapeutic Exercise: Foundational Concepts 155
Chapter 02: Prevention, Health and Wellness 158
Chapter 03: Range of Motion 161
Chapter 04: Stretching for Impaired Mobility 165
Chapter 05: Peripheral Joint Mobilization 169
Chapter 06: Resistance Exercise for Impaired Muscle Performance 173
Chapter 07: Principles of Aerobic Exercise 178
Chapter 08: Exercise for Impaired Balance 182
Chapter 09: Aquatic Exercise 186
Chapter 10: Soft Tissue Injury, Repair, and Management 190
,Chapter 11: Joint, Connective Tissue, and Bone Disorders and Their Management 194
Chapter 12: Surgical Interventions and Postoperative Management 197
Chapter 13: Peripheral Nerve Disorders and Management 201
Chapter 14: The Spine: Structure, Function, and Posture 205
Chapter 15: The Spine: Management Guidelines 209
Chapter 16: The Spine: Exercise and Manipulation Interventions 213
Chapter 17: The Shoulder and Shoulder Girdle 217
Chapter 18: The Elbow and Forearm Complex 220
Chapter 19: The Wrist & Hand 224
Chapter 20: The Hip 228
Chapter 21: The Knee 232
Chapter 22: The Ankle & Foot 236
Chapter 23: Advanced Functional Training 240
Chapter 24: Exercise for the Older Adult 243
Chapter 25: Women's Health: Obstetrics and Pelvic Floor 246
Chapter 26: Management of Lymphatic Disorders 250
Chapter 27: Exercises for Special Populations 253
Bonus Chapter 24 Test Questions 257
Bonus Chapter 25 Test Questions 259
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 8th Edition (Kisner, 2023)
Chapter 1: Therapeutic Exercise: Foundational Concepts
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. According to the definition of therapeutic exercise and the goal of designing an
individualized program of therapeutic exercise, the physical therapist might develop a
therapeutic exercise program in order to:
A. Restore function through the elimination of body structure impairments.
B. Improve function but not to remediate or reduce disability.
C. Optimize overall health status, fitness, or sense of well-being.
D. Remediate activity limitations but not to reduce health-related risk factors.
ANS: C DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
2. Awareness of safety measures during exercise protects the patient and the therapist. All of
the following measures should be routinely taken to prevent injury to the patient and/or
therapist except:
A. Recommend that the patient discontinue taking any medication that might impair
balance or tolerance for physical activity.
B. Maintain proper body mechanics while applying manual resistance, stretching, or
joint-mobilization techniques.
C. Assess the physical environment for adequate space and equipment.
D. Provide the necessary feedback and education for proper performance of
therapeutic exercise.
ANS: A DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
3. Which of the following terms associated with aspects of physical function is used to
describe the ability of the neuromuscular system to statically or dynamically hold proximal
or distal body segments in appropriate positions using synergistic muscle action?
A. Muscle strength
B. Muscle power
C. Coordination
D. Stability
ANS: D DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
4. Which of the following terms is synonymous with cardiopulmonary fitness and is associated
with the aspects of physical function that can be modified by therapeutic exercise?
A. Cardiopulmonary resistance
B. Cardiopulmonary endurance
C. Cardiopulmonary stability
D. Cardiopulmonary strength
ANS: B DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
5. Each of the following is a step in the process of evidence-based practice except:
A. Convert the patient problem to an answerable clinical question.
B. Spend many hours gathering any and all information that might be used to answer
the question.
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Test Bank - Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 8th Edition (Kisner, 2023)
C. Integrate relevant evidence with clinical experience and expertise to make
decisions about the management and care of a patient.
D. Assess the outcomes of interventions based on evidence.
ANS: B DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
6. According to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
endorsed by the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA), a rotator cuff tear is
considered a(n):
A. Health condition.
B. Impairment.
C. Functional limitation.
D. Disability.
ANS: A DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
7. Which of the following components of the ICF model is defined by the individual’s
life-style, education, and social and environmental backgrounds?
A. Risk factors for health conditions
B. Impairments in body function
C. Participation restrictions
D. Contextual factors
ANS: D DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
8. Ms. C is an 18-year-old who is 3 days post-ACL reconstruction. She must wear a knee
immobilizer during ambulation with axillary crutches and must remain partial weight
bearing on the involved side. She has limited passive and active range of motion of the
operated knee. According to the ICF model of functioning and disability, her limited knee
ROM is classified as a:
A. Secondary impairment of body structure.
B. Primary impairment of body function.
C. Primary impairment of body structure.
D. Secondary impairment of body function.
ANS: B DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
9. Ms. L is a 78-year-old who underwent surgery for internal fixation of an intertrochanteric
fracture of the (L) hip 3 days ago. For the next few weeks she must remain
nonweight-bearing on the operated side and has begun to use a walker for ambulation. She
is able to walk for short distances around her hospital bed but is not yet able to rise from a
chair to standing. According to the ICF model, the inability to stand from a sitting position
is classified as a(n):
A. Health condition.
B. Impairment.
C. Activity limitation.
D. Participation restriction.
ANS: C DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
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Test Bank - Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 8th Edition (Kisner, 2023)
10. Part of a preseason screening program for high school athletes includes testing the stability
of the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints. If you identify an athlete with signs of
shoulder instability but has no activity limitations or participation restrictions, you might
suggest an exercise program designed to prevent or reduce the risk of injury during the
season. This is an example of what type of prevention?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. Indirect
ANS: B DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
11. Which of the following is a true statement about the components of the patient management
model described in the Guide to Physical Therapist Practice?
A. Patient education is the one intervention that should be included for every patient
throughout the entire episode of care.
B. Goals and outcomes are synonymous terms.
C. A primary focus of the diagnostic process performed by physical therapists is the
identification of pathology.
D. It is appropriate to discontinue a patient from an exercise program only when the
patient has attained the goals stated in the initial plan of care.
ANS: A DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
12. According to the patient management model described in the Guide to Physical Therapist
Practice, each of the following is a component of the examination performed by the
physical therapist except:
A. Selecting and performing appropriate tests and measures.
B. Taking a patient’s history either verbally or from the medical record.
C. Interpreting information derived from specific measurement tools to form a
diagnosis and prognosis.
D. Performing a systems review.
ANS: C DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
13. As a result of supraspinatus impingement syndrome, Mrs. J is unable to lift her arm fully
overhead without pain. You plan to design an exercise program consisting of both discrete
and serial tasks. You do not want to include continuous tasks at this time. Which of the
following should not be included?
A. ROM exercises using a cloth to wipe down the wall
B. Active reaching exercises to place small objects in a cabinet
C. Active assisted stretching by lifting a cane overhead in supine
D. Warming up on the upper extremity (UE) ergometer (UE cycling)
ANS: D DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
14. Your patient is performing pelvic tilt exercises for the first time and needs verbal and tactile
cues (feedback) to perform the exercises correctly. This represents which stage of motor
learning?
A. Cognitive
B. Contemplative
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Test Bank - Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 8th Edition (Kisner, 2023)
C. Associative
D. Autonomous
ANS: A DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
15. During several physical therapy sessions, a patient you have been treating for low back pain
learned how to perform pelvic tilt exercises in several positions (supine, sitting, quadruped,
standing). With continued practice at home, your patient is now able to perform extremity
movements while maintaining a stable pelvic position. This represents which stage of motor
learning?
A. Cognitive
B. Continuous
C. Associative
D. Autonomous
ANS: D DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
16. You are helping a patient learn a motor skill. You set up several variations of the same task
(walking on several types of surfaces). You have the patient perform one variation of the
task and have him identify his own errors after the first repetition (or point out errors to him
after the first repetition). Next, allow him to repeat the same variation of the task one or two
more times before moving on to another variation of the task. What term best describes this
type of practice?
A. Blocked
B. Random-blocked
C. Random
D. Augmented
ANS: B DIF: Difficult KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
17. In which of the following stages of motor learning does augmented/extrinsic feedback have
the most positive impact on acquisition of a motor skill?
A. Cognitive stage
B. Associative stage
C. Autonomous stage
D. External feedback is equally effective in any stage of motor learning.
ANS: A DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
18. Helping a patient acquire the ability to shift his weight from side to side in a standing
position by means of manual guidance by the therapist is called:
A. Summary feedback.
B. Delayed feedback.
C. Concurrent feedback.
D. Instantaneous post response feedback.
ANS: C DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
19. For which of the following tasks will teaching components (parts) of the motor task be most
effective?
A. Swinging a golf club
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Test Bank - Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 8th Edition (Kisner, 2023)
B. Riding a stationary bicycle
C. Grasping an object
D. Performing a standing-pivot transfer from bed to wheelchair
ANS: D DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
20. Consistent with the taxonomy of motor tasks, which of the following activities is the best
example of body stability in an open environment with intertrial variability without
manipulation?
A. Maintaining sitting balance while riding a bus from school to home
B. Maintaining standing balance while on an escalator
C. Maintaining balance on a sidewalk or on the grass
D. Maintaining sitting balance in chairs of different heights in your family room when
you are home alone
ANS: A DIF: Difficult KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
21. Which of the following is not a prerequisite for motor skill acquisition and retention?
A. Augmented feedback
B. Understanding the task or goal
C. Being able to activate the motor system
D. Being able to retrieve motor memories over time
ANS: A DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
22. As a therapist, you can be relatively confident that motor learning has taken place when
your patient demonstrates which of the following?
A. Consecutive repetitions of a task without error during the treatment session
B. Decreased need for manual guidance during the treatment sessions
C. The ability to perform a slight variation of the task in a new context during the
treatment session
D. Increased speed demonstrated when carrying out the task
ANS: C DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
23. Patient satisfaction is an important area for outcome assessment in physical therapy when
following the patient management model described in the Guide to Physical Therapist
Practice. There are several determinants of patient satisfaction that, if included in the
gathering and analysis of data, may help clinics to improve the quality of care being
provided. Each of these has been shown in the literature to be determinant of patient
satisfaction except:
A. Professionalism, empathy, and helpfulness of the therapist.
B. Patient participation in goal setting in the plan of care.
C. The chronicity of the patient’s condition (higher satisfaction with patients having
chronic conditions).
D. Convenience of access and flexibility for scheduling appointments.
ANS: C DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
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24. The body systems react, adapt, and develop in response to forces and physical stresses
placed on them. All of the following stresses help the body to develop and maintain a
functional level of strength except:
A. Gravity.
B. Weight-bearing.
C. Therapeutic exercise.
D. Bed rest.
ANS: D DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
25. Which of the following has been proposed by the APTA to identify an area of expertise
unique to physical therapy providers and to be the core of physical therapy practice,
education and research?
A. Therapeutic exercise
B. The human movement system
C. The motor learning process
D. Classification of functioning and disability
ANS: B DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
26. Adjusting the load demand of exercise is one of the key tasks required of the physical
therapist in order to achieve a positive therapeutic outcome. All of the following are
variables specific to adjusting load except:
A. Exercise mode
B. Exercise frequency
C. Stage of tissue healing
D. Patient position
ANS: C DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
27. Use of the Physical Stress Theory (PST) is best represented by which of the following
scenarios?
A. The therapist progresses the exercise load at each treatment session as long as the
patient is motivated to achieve results quickly.
B. The therapist first assesses tolerance for exercise and then determines how to
prescribe exercises that will result in muscle hypertrophy.
C. The therapist adjusts the exercise load based on determination of exercise tolerance
which may result in either increasing or decreasing the exercise parameters.
D. The therapist progresses exercise parameters until the patient no longer tolerates
the load and then maintains the stress to the tissues to build strength.
ANS: C DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
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Chapter 2: Prevention, Health Promotion, and Wellness
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Each of the following is a prescreening question that should be addressed before
participation in a health promotion program, except:
A. Have you ever been diagnosed with a heart condition?
B. What are your blood pressure and heart rate normally?
C. Do you experience chest pain when you engage in physical activity?
D. Do you ever lose your balance or lose consciousness?
ANS: B DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
2. An individual who perceives a threat of contracting a disease decides to follow specific
health recommendations because he believes that he can prevent or reduce the risk of
contracting the disease. These behaviors are aligned with what behavioral change theory or
model?
A. Social cognitive theory
B. Health belief model
C. Transtheoretical model
D. Risk assessment theory
ANS: B DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
3. The goals of Healthy People 2030 are based on the nation’s vision to:
A. Eliminate HIV and develop an immunization for prevention of AIDS.
B. Develop a cure for the common cold and other communicable diseases
C. Promote smoking cessation, eliminate tobacco use, and pass legislation in all states
banning smoking in public places.
D. Foster a society in which all people can achieve their full potential for health and
well-being and live long and healthy lives.
ANS: D DIF: Basic KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
4. Mr. K has had chronic low back pain for several years. He has a sedentary life-style that
includes office work and being a self-reported “TV junkie.” His physician suggests physical
therapy for exercise and management of his pain. Even though Mr. K schedules physical
therapy, initially he does not think that exercises will help his pain. He does not associate his
life-style with his low back pain and therefore does not consider making changes. After his
first session with the physical therapist, Mr. K realizes that changes in his life-style and
adding regular exercise may help decrease his low back pain. So he decides to continue
physical therapy two times a week for 1 month as suggested. Following the first physical
therapy session, Mr. K shows he is in which of the following stages of change associated
with the transtheoretical model of behavioral change?
A. Contemplation
B. Preparation
C. Action
D. Maintenance
ANS: B DIF: Intermediate KEY: Book Part: Part I: General Concepts
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