TEST BANK
Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice
Marlaine C. Smith
6th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 Nursing Theory and the Discipline of Nursing 1
Chapter 02 A Guide for Theory-Informed Education and Practice 4
Chapter 03 Florence Nightingale's Conceptualizations of Nursing 6
Chapter 04 Early Conceptualizations About Nursing 9
Chapter 05 Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory 11
Chapter 06 Imogene King's Conceptual System and Theory of Goal Attainment 14
Chapter 07 Callista Roy's Adaptation Model 18
Chapter 08 Betty Neuman's Systems Model 21
Chapter 09 Helen Erickson, Evelyn Tomlin, and Mary Ann Swain's Theory of Modeling
and Role Modeling 24
Chapter 10 Barbara Dossey's Theory of Integral Nursing 27
Chapter 11 Madeleine Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality 30
Chapter 12 Boykin and Schoenhofer’s Theory of Nursing as Caring 33
Chapter 13 Martha E. Rogers’s Science of Unitary Human Beings 37
Chapter 14 Rosemarie Rizzo Parse’s Humanbecoming Paradigm 40
Chapter 15 Margaret Newman’s Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness 43
Chapter 16 Jean Watson’s Unitary Caring Science and Transpersonal Theory of Human
Caring 46
Chapter 17 Afaf Meleis’s Transitions Theory 49
Chapter 18 Katharine Kolcaba's Comfort Theory 53
Chapter 19 Joanne Duffy's Quality-Caring Model 56
Chapter 20 Pamela Reed's Theory of Self-Transcendence 59
Chapter 21 Patricia Liehr and Mary Jane Smith's Story Theory 62
Chapter 22 Marilyn Ray’s Theory of Bureaucratic Caring 65
Chapter 23 Rozzano Locsin's Theory of Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing 68
Chapter 24 Elizabeth Ann Manhart Barrett’s Theory of Power as Knowing Participation in
Change 71
Chapter 25 Marlaine Smith's Theory of Unitary Caring 74
Chapter 26 Kristen Swanson's Theory of Caring 77
Chapter 27 Adeline Falk-Rafael’s Critical Caring Theory 80
Chapter 28 Marilyn Parker, Charlotte Barry, and Beth King’s Community Nursing Practice
Model 83
Chapter 29 John Lowe’s Theory of Native Self-Reliance 86
Chapter 30 Mona Wicks’s Family Health Model 89
Chapter 31 Peggy Chinn’s Peace and Power-Philosophy, Theory, and Practice 92
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice, 6th Edition (Smith, 2025)
Chapter 1. Nursing Theory and the Discipline of Nursing
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The purpose of theory is to:
A. Explain experience.
B. Describe relationships.
C. Project outcomes.
D. All of the above.
ANS: D
2. Members of a community of scholars share a commitment to all of the following except:
A. Values.
B. Knowledge.
C. Geographic location.
D. Processes.
ANS: C
3. ____________________ and ____________________ structures are essential to any
discipline and are inherent in nursing theories.
A. Paradigm and metaparadigm.
B. Syntactical and conceptual.
C. Middle and grand.
D. Language and symbol.
ANS: B
4. Books and periodicals are examples of:
A. Communication networks.
B. Heritage of literature.
C. Nursing organizations.
D. Nursing discipline.
ANS: B
5. The basic building blocks of theories are:
A. Concepts and their definitions.
B. Statements of relationships.
C. Concepts and statements of relationships.
D. Empirical indicators.
ANS: C
6. Nursing theories:
A. Are discovered in nature.
B. Serve as exact representations of reality.
C. Are invented by humans.
D. Cannot be modified.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice, 6th Edition (Smith, 2025)
ANS: C
7. A paradigm is defined as a:
A. Worldview.
B. General framework.
C. Set of shared perspectives held by members of a discipline.
D. All of the above.
ANS: D
8. The dependence of nursing theory development on human imagination is an attribute of
nursing as a(n):
A. Occupation.
B. Discipline.
C. Vocation.
D. Profession.
ANS: B
9. The primary purpose of nursing theory is to:
A. Structure nursing knowledge.
B. Demonstrate creativity in nursing.
C. Guide the thinking about, being, and doing of nursing.
D. Organize nursing curricula.
ANS: C
10. The first nursing theorist who identified the importance of theory in nursing was:
A. Virginia Henderson.
B. Hildegard Peplau.
C. Lydia Hall.
D. Florence Nightingale.
ANS: D
11. The most abstract level of knowledge is the:
A. Paradigm.
B. Metaparadigm.
C. Theory.
D. Concept.
ANS: B
12. Statements of enduring values or beliefs are considered:
A. Conceptual models.
B. Philosophies.
C. Grand theories.
D. Practice theories.
ANS: B
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2|Page
Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice
Marlaine C. Smith
6th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 Nursing Theory and the Discipline of Nursing 1
Chapter 02 A Guide for Theory-Informed Education and Practice 4
Chapter 03 Florence Nightingale's Conceptualizations of Nursing 6
Chapter 04 Early Conceptualizations About Nursing 9
Chapter 05 Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory 11
Chapter 06 Imogene King's Conceptual System and Theory of Goal Attainment 14
Chapter 07 Callista Roy's Adaptation Model 18
Chapter 08 Betty Neuman's Systems Model 21
Chapter 09 Helen Erickson, Evelyn Tomlin, and Mary Ann Swain's Theory of Modeling
and Role Modeling 24
Chapter 10 Barbara Dossey's Theory of Integral Nursing 27
Chapter 11 Madeleine Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality 30
Chapter 12 Boykin and Schoenhofer’s Theory of Nursing as Caring 33
Chapter 13 Martha E. Rogers’s Science of Unitary Human Beings 37
Chapter 14 Rosemarie Rizzo Parse’s Humanbecoming Paradigm 40
Chapter 15 Margaret Newman’s Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness 43
Chapter 16 Jean Watson’s Unitary Caring Science and Transpersonal Theory of Human
Caring 46
Chapter 17 Afaf Meleis’s Transitions Theory 49
Chapter 18 Katharine Kolcaba's Comfort Theory 53
Chapter 19 Joanne Duffy's Quality-Caring Model 56
Chapter 20 Pamela Reed's Theory of Self-Transcendence 59
Chapter 21 Patricia Liehr and Mary Jane Smith's Story Theory 62
Chapter 22 Marilyn Ray’s Theory of Bureaucratic Caring 65
Chapter 23 Rozzano Locsin's Theory of Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing 68
Chapter 24 Elizabeth Ann Manhart Barrett’s Theory of Power as Knowing Participation in
Change 71
Chapter 25 Marlaine Smith's Theory of Unitary Caring 74
Chapter 26 Kristen Swanson's Theory of Caring 77
Chapter 27 Adeline Falk-Rafael’s Critical Caring Theory 80
Chapter 28 Marilyn Parker, Charlotte Barry, and Beth King’s Community Nursing Practice
Model 83
Chapter 29 John Lowe’s Theory of Native Self-Reliance 86
Chapter 30 Mona Wicks’s Family Health Model 89
Chapter 31 Peggy Chinn’s Peace and Power-Philosophy, Theory, and Practice 92
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice, 6th Edition (Smith, 2025)
Chapter 1. Nursing Theory and the Discipline of Nursing
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The purpose of theory is to:
A. Explain experience.
B. Describe relationships.
C. Project outcomes.
D. All of the above.
ANS: D
2. Members of a community of scholars share a commitment to all of the following except:
A. Values.
B. Knowledge.
C. Geographic location.
D. Processes.
ANS: C
3. ____________________ and ____________________ structures are essential to any
discipline and are inherent in nursing theories.
A. Paradigm and metaparadigm.
B. Syntactical and conceptual.
C. Middle and grand.
D. Language and symbol.
ANS: B
4. Books and periodicals are examples of:
A. Communication networks.
B. Heritage of literature.
C. Nursing organizations.
D. Nursing discipline.
ANS: B
5. The basic building blocks of theories are:
A. Concepts and their definitions.
B. Statements of relationships.
C. Concepts and statements of relationships.
D. Empirical indicators.
ANS: C
6. Nursing theories:
A. Are discovered in nature.
B. Serve as exact representations of reality.
C. Are invented by humans.
D. Cannot be modified.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice, 6th Edition (Smith, 2025)
ANS: C
7. A paradigm is defined as a:
A. Worldview.
B. General framework.
C. Set of shared perspectives held by members of a discipline.
D. All of the above.
ANS: D
8. The dependence of nursing theory development on human imagination is an attribute of
nursing as a(n):
A. Occupation.
B. Discipline.
C. Vocation.
D. Profession.
ANS: B
9. The primary purpose of nursing theory is to:
A. Structure nursing knowledge.
B. Demonstrate creativity in nursing.
C. Guide the thinking about, being, and doing of nursing.
D. Organize nursing curricula.
ANS: C
10. The first nursing theorist who identified the importance of theory in nursing was:
A. Virginia Henderson.
B. Hildegard Peplau.
C. Lydia Hall.
D. Florence Nightingale.
ANS: D
11. The most abstract level of knowledge is the:
A. Paradigm.
B. Metaparadigm.
C. Theory.
D. Concept.
ANS: B
12. Statements of enduring values or beliefs are considered:
A. Conceptual models.
B. Philosophies.
C. Grand theories.
D. Practice theories.
ANS: B
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