EXAM 2: CARDIAC | VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
100% ACCURATE, A+ GRADED, GUARANTEED SUCCESS!
What artery breaks into circumflex and left anterior descending artery? Answer: Left
main coronary artery
What does the left main coronary artery supply? Answer: Apex
The left posterior ventricle and left atrium are supplied by what? Answer: Circumflex
artery
What does the left anterior descending artery supply? Answer: Septum and left anterior
ventricle
What does the right coronary artery supply? Answer: Right atrium, right ventricle, AV
node, SA node, bundle of HIS, and papillary muscles
What happens if RCA gets a clot? Answer: Can cause dysrhythmias due to SA node
not being supplied and/ or MIs, and the blood will flow back into Aorta
Which layer of the heart is the outer third layer? Answer: Epicardium
What is compliance? Answer: Ability of the heart to be stimulated to constrict or dilate
Hypertension has high resistance, meaning what? Answer: Low compliance
When resistance increases, what decreases? Answer: Compliance
What is Stroke Volume (SV)? Answer: Amount of blood ejected from left ventricle per
beat (~70 mL).
How is Cardiac Output (CO) calculated? Answer: HR x SV
What is the normal range for Cardiac Output (CO)? Answer: 4-8 L/min
What is Cardiac Index (CI)? Answer: CO adjusted for body surface area
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, What is the normal range for Cardiac Index (CI)? Answer: 2.8-4 L/min/m²
What is Preload? Answer: Volume in ventricle at end-diastole (when its filling)
What is Afterload? Answer: Resistance heart must overcome to eject blood (SVR)
What does Contractility refer to? Answer: Ability of heart muscle to contract
What is used to lower contractility? Answer: Digoxin or synthetic Dopamine
What is Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR)? Answer: Average BP throughout body
What is the MAP referring to physiologically? Answer: The point at which the Hgb lets
go of oxygen (Perfussion)
What is the goal for Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)? Answer: around 65 mmHg (unless
renal patient requires higher)
What happens when sympathetic NS is activated? Answer: The preload, afterload, and
contractility are all increased which allows more oxygen to muscles
What happens with low Cardiac Output? Answer: Anaerobic metabolism → high lactate
→ tissue death
What are symptoms of a perfusion issue? Answer: Dizzy, Faint, Nausea
Where is the aorta best heard? Answer: Right side, second intercostal
Where do you listen to tricuspid valve? Answer: Left lower sternal border between 4-
5th rib
What does mottling mean? Answer: Decreased peripheral perfusion
What does jugular venous pressure mean? Answer: Right sided HF or fluid overload
What should never be done with an arterial line? Answer: Never push meds into arterial
line.
What is the pressure for a pressurized flush bag? Answer: 300 mmHg.
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
100% ACCURATE, A+ GRADED, GUARANTEED SUCCESS!
What artery breaks into circumflex and left anterior descending artery? Answer: Left
main coronary artery
What does the left main coronary artery supply? Answer: Apex
The left posterior ventricle and left atrium are supplied by what? Answer: Circumflex
artery
What does the left anterior descending artery supply? Answer: Septum and left anterior
ventricle
What does the right coronary artery supply? Answer: Right atrium, right ventricle, AV
node, SA node, bundle of HIS, and papillary muscles
What happens if RCA gets a clot? Answer: Can cause dysrhythmias due to SA node
not being supplied and/ or MIs, and the blood will flow back into Aorta
Which layer of the heart is the outer third layer? Answer: Epicardium
What is compliance? Answer: Ability of the heart to be stimulated to constrict or dilate
Hypertension has high resistance, meaning what? Answer: Low compliance
When resistance increases, what decreases? Answer: Compliance
What is Stroke Volume (SV)? Answer: Amount of blood ejected from left ventricle per
beat (~70 mL).
How is Cardiac Output (CO) calculated? Answer: HR x SV
What is the normal range for Cardiac Output (CO)? Answer: 4-8 L/min
What is Cardiac Index (CI)? Answer: CO adjusted for body surface area
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, What is the normal range for Cardiac Index (CI)? Answer: 2.8-4 L/min/m²
What is Preload? Answer: Volume in ventricle at end-diastole (when its filling)
What is Afterload? Answer: Resistance heart must overcome to eject blood (SVR)
What does Contractility refer to? Answer: Ability of heart muscle to contract
What is used to lower contractility? Answer: Digoxin or synthetic Dopamine
What is Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR)? Answer: Average BP throughout body
What is the MAP referring to physiologically? Answer: The point at which the Hgb lets
go of oxygen (Perfussion)
What is the goal for Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)? Answer: around 65 mmHg (unless
renal patient requires higher)
What happens when sympathetic NS is activated? Answer: The preload, afterload, and
contractility are all increased which allows more oxygen to muscles
What happens with low Cardiac Output? Answer: Anaerobic metabolism → high lactate
→ tissue death
What are symptoms of a perfusion issue? Answer: Dizzy, Faint, Nausea
Where is the aorta best heard? Answer: Right side, second intercostal
Where do you listen to tricuspid valve? Answer: Left lower sternal border between 4-
5th rib
What does mottling mean? Answer: Decreased peripheral perfusion
What does jugular venous pressure mean? Answer: Right sided HF or fluid overload
What should never be done with an arterial line? Answer: Never push meds into arterial
line.
What is the pressure for a pressurized flush bag? Answer: 300 mmHg.
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
