NURS 325 EXAM 2
NUR 325 Health and Illness / NUR 325 Exam 2
Practice Questions
MULTIPLE CHOICES
A nurse is preparing a teaching session about reducing the risk of complications of diabetes mellitus. Which
of the following information should the nurse plan to include in the teaching? (select all that apply)
a. reduce cholesterol and saturated fat intake
b. increase physical activity and daily exercise
c enroll in a smoking-cessation program
d. sustain hyperglycemia to reduce deterioration of nerve cells
e. maintain optimal blood pressure to prevent kidney damage
A B C E (Nephropaty is a pathologic change in the kidney that reduces kidney function and leads to kidney failure.
Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. Risk factors for nephropathy include a 10 to 15 year
history of diabetes mellitus, poor glucose control, and uncontrolled hypertension.)
It's recommended to keep LDL below 100mg/dL
Smoking causes vasoconstriction of vessels, further increasing a diabetics risk for coronary artery disease and
increased BP and MI and stroke
A nurse is admitting an older adult client who had diabetic neuropathy with painful, burning feet. Which of
the following interventions should the nurse anticipate the health care provider to prescribe?
a. place a bed cradle on the client's bed
b. inspect the client's feet once weekly
c. apply graduated compression stockings to the client's lower extremities
d. put a heating pad on the client's feet
A (bed cradle reduces pain by preventing sheets from touching the hypersensitive skin)
-feet should be inspected daily
-heating pads can cause burns for people with diabetic neuropathy
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,NURS 325 EXAM 2
A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. The nurse should expect the client's chest to be which of the
following shapes?
a. Pigeon
b. Funnel
c. Kyphotic
d. Barrel
D (Ppl with COPD use accessory muscles causing chest wall to increase)
A home health nurse visits a client who has COPD and recieves oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula. The
client reports difficulty breathing. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
a. increase the oxygen flow to 3 L/min
b. assess the client's respiratory status
c. call the emergency services for the client
d. have the client cough and expectorate secretions
B (first action includes collecting data from client. Nurse should assess respirations before determining appropriate
interventions)
A nurse is giving a presentation at a community center about chronic bronchitis. Which of the following
information should the nurse include as effective for preventing this disorder?
a. maintenance of ideal weight
b. annual influenza immunization
c. smoking cessation
d. regular moderate exercise
C
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has COPD. The nurse should include which of the
following interventions in the plan?
a. restrict the client's fluid intake to less than 2 L/day
b. provide the client with a low-protein diet
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,NURS 325 EXAM 2
c. have the client use the early-morning hours to exercise and activity
d. instruct the client to use pursed-lip breathing
D (pursed-lip breathing decreases trapped air for COPD clients)
-clients with COPD should consume high-caloric/high protein diet to prevent weight loss
-never restrict fluids unless you have fluid overload
-COPD clients have poor exercise tolerance in morning because secretion accumulation at night
A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about foot care. Which of the following
statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
a. “I’ll wear sandals in warm weather”
b. “I’ll put lotion between my toes after drying my feet”
c. “I’ll check my feet every day for sores and bruises”
d. “I’ll soak my feet in cool water every night before I go to bed”
C (DM feet should be checked daily)
-DM patients shouldn’t wear shoes with open toes or straps that rest between toes to decrease risk of foot injury
-lotion appropriate for dry areas but not between toes b/c moist environment=bacteria growth
-hands/feet shouldn’t be soaked long periods b/c increases infection risk. When cleaning water should be
warm/soapy
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of essential hypertension. The nurse should monitor the
client for which of the following findings that is consistent with this diagnosis?
a. vertigo
b. uremia
c. blurred vision
d. dyspnea
A (signs a nurse should monitor for essential hypertension include: vertigo, headache, facial flushing and fainting)
-uremia, blurred vision, dyspnea=malignant hypertension
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, NURS 325 EXAM 2
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has peripheral arterial disease (PAD. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
a. apply a heating pad on a low setting to help relieve leg pain
b. adjust the thermostat so that the environment is warm
c. wear antiembolic stockings during the day
d. rest with the legs above heart level
B (client should keep environment warm to prevent vasoconstriction. Wearing gloves, warm clothes, and socks will
help prevent vasoconstriction)
-heat shouldn't be applied directly to limb b/c sensation is diminished and burns can result
-PAD patients shouldn't wear restrictive clothing
-leg elevation can slow flow of arterial blood to the feet
A nurse is assessing a female client who is at risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should
identify what which of the following manifestations increases the client's risk for developing type 2 diabetes?
a. abdominal girth 31 inches
b. fasting blood glucose 98 mg/dL
c. triglyceride level 100 mg/dL
d. blood pressure 138/98 mm Hg
D (BP greater than 130 and systolic greater than 85 at risk for type II diabetes)
-females with abdominal girth of 35+ or 40+ inches in males at risk for type II diabetes
-blood glucose greater greater than 100 increase DM risk
-triglycerides 150+ increase DM risk
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus about self-administration of
insulin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
a. "pull back on the plunger after injecting the insulin"
b. "massage the injection site after removing the needle"
c. "store the current bottle of insulin at room temperature"
d. "use each syringe up to six times"
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NUR 325 Health and Illness / NUR 325 Exam 2
Practice Questions
MULTIPLE CHOICES
A nurse is preparing a teaching session about reducing the risk of complications of diabetes mellitus. Which
of the following information should the nurse plan to include in the teaching? (select all that apply)
a. reduce cholesterol and saturated fat intake
b. increase physical activity and daily exercise
c enroll in a smoking-cessation program
d. sustain hyperglycemia to reduce deterioration of nerve cells
e. maintain optimal blood pressure to prevent kidney damage
A B C E (Nephropaty is a pathologic change in the kidney that reduces kidney function and leads to kidney failure.
Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. Risk factors for nephropathy include a 10 to 15 year
history of diabetes mellitus, poor glucose control, and uncontrolled hypertension.)
It's recommended to keep LDL below 100mg/dL
Smoking causes vasoconstriction of vessels, further increasing a diabetics risk for coronary artery disease and
increased BP and MI and stroke
A nurse is admitting an older adult client who had diabetic neuropathy with painful, burning feet. Which of
the following interventions should the nurse anticipate the health care provider to prescribe?
a. place a bed cradle on the client's bed
b. inspect the client's feet once weekly
c. apply graduated compression stockings to the client's lower extremities
d. put a heating pad on the client's feet
A (bed cradle reduces pain by preventing sheets from touching the hypersensitive skin)
-feet should be inspected daily
-heating pads can cause burns for people with diabetic neuropathy
1|Page
,NURS 325 EXAM 2
A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. The nurse should expect the client's chest to be which of the
following shapes?
a. Pigeon
b. Funnel
c. Kyphotic
d. Barrel
D (Ppl with COPD use accessory muscles causing chest wall to increase)
A home health nurse visits a client who has COPD and recieves oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula. The
client reports difficulty breathing. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
a. increase the oxygen flow to 3 L/min
b. assess the client's respiratory status
c. call the emergency services for the client
d. have the client cough and expectorate secretions
B (first action includes collecting data from client. Nurse should assess respirations before determining appropriate
interventions)
A nurse is giving a presentation at a community center about chronic bronchitis. Which of the following
information should the nurse include as effective for preventing this disorder?
a. maintenance of ideal weight
b. annual influenza immunization
c. smoking cessation
d. regular moderate exercise
C
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has COPD. The nurse should include which of the
following interventions in the plan?
a. restrict the client's fluid intake to less than 2 L/day
b. provide the client with a low-protein diet
2|Page
,NURS 325 EXAM 2
c. have the client use the early-morning hours to exercise and activity
d. instruct the client to use pursed-lip breathing
D (pursed-lip breathing decreases trapped air for COPD clients)
-clients with COPD should consume high-caloric/high protein diet to prevent weight loss
-never restrict fluids unless you have fluid overload
-COPD clients have poor exercise tolerance in morning because secretion accumulation at night
A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about foot care. Which of the following
statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
a. “I’ll wear sandals in warm weather”
b. “I’ll put lotion between my toes after drying my feet”
c. “I’ll check my feet every day for sores and bruises”
d. “I’ll soak my feet in cool water every night before I go to bed”
C (DM feet should be checked daily)
-DM patients shouldn’t wear shoes with open toes or straps that rest between toes to decrease risk of foot injury
-lotion appropriate for dry areas but not between toes b/c moist environment=bacteria growth
-hands/feet shouldn’t be soaked long periods b/c increases infection risk. When cleaning water should be
warm/soapy
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of essential hypertension. The nurse should monitor the
client for which of the following findings that is consistent with this diagnosis?
a. vertigo
b. uremia
c. blurred vision
d. dyspnea
A (signs a nurse should monitor for essential hypertension include: vertigo, headache, facial flushing and fainting)
-uremia, blurred vision, dyspnea=malignant hypertension
3|Page
, NURS 325 EXAM 2
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has peripheral arterial disease (PAD. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
a. apply a heating pad on a low setting to help relieve leg pain
b. adjust the thermostat so that the environment is warm
c. wear antiembolic stockings during the day
d. rest with the legs above heart level
B (client should keep environment warm to prevent vasoconstriction. Wearing gloves, warm clothes, and socks will
help prevent vasoconstriction)
-heat shouldn't be applied directly to limb b/c sensation is diminished and burns can result
-PAD patients shouldn't wear restrictive clothing
-leg elevation can slow flow of arterial blood to the feet
A nurse is assessing a female client who is at risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should
identify what which of the following manifestations increases the client's risk for developing type 2 diabetes?
a. abdominal girth 31 inches
b. fasting blood glucose 98 mg/dL
c. triglyceride level 100 mg/dL
d. blood pressure 138/98 mm Hg
D (BP greater than 130 and systolic greater than 85 at risk for type II diabetes)
-females with abdominal girth of 35+ or 40+ inches in males at risk for type II diabetes
-blood glucose greater greater than 100 increase DM risk
-triglycerides 150+ increase DM risk
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus about self-administration of
insulin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
a. "pull back on the plunger after injecting the insulin"
b. "massage the injection site after removing the needle"
c. "store the current bottle of insulin at room temperature"
d. "use each syringe up to six times"
4|Page
