PORTAGE LEARNING A&P II: FINAL EXAM
Actual Questions and Verified Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
1. This is a collection of cell bodies found in the peripheral nervous system.
Answer: Gan- glia
2. This part of the autonomic system increases digestion.
Answer: Parasympathetic
3. The ventral root of a nerve contains what type of neurons?
Answer: Motor (Etterent)
4. This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body.
Answer: Axon
5. An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of the
Answer: Central nervous system
6. Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters.
Answer: The neuron cell body manufactures neurotransmitters, which are stored in secretory
vesicles at the end of axon terminals.
,7. An afferent neuron carries information
Answer: From the peripheral to the central nervous system
8. What is the location and function of Astrocytes?
Answer: Astrocytes form the blood/brain barrier, are found in the brain, and are part of the CNS
9. A patient's left thumb was severed in a cooking accident and then reattached
during surgery. Would the patient be expected to regrow axons in their thumb? Why
or why not?
Answer: Yes; Peripheral nerves can regenerate the length of the axon through axonal regeneration because of
the growth of Schwann cells ahead of the axon.
10. Name and describe what is occurring in the neuron cell membrane in section 2
of the diagram. Include the charge of the membrane during this phase.
Answer: De- polarization The sodium gates open and sodium rushes into the axon during the depolarization
phase of the action potential.
Voltage travels past zero and then on up to +40 mV.
11. At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is
Answer: -70mV
12. Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
Answer: The overall ettect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane.
,13. True or false. A sensory neuron is signaling the body of a light touch. This
means that the strength of the action potential is weaker than usual. Explain
your reasoning.
Answer: False. The action potential is always the same. The frequency and number of nuerons activated change
the increase in intensity.
14. Which of the following statements is false concerning the neuromuscular
junction?
Answer: Ach is released from the presynaptic motor neuron to cause an action potential in the muscle fiber.
15. How is a message sent from one neuron to another?
Answer: A signal travels from the cell body through the axon and releases neurotransmitters into the
synapse. These nuerotransmitters bind with receptor that carry the message to the dendrite of the next neuron, and
the process begins again.
16. What neurotransmitter helps regulate emotional responses and muscle
tone?
Answer: Dopamine
17. In a reflex, the neuron conducts nerve impulses along a pathway
towards the central nervous system.
Answer: Sensory (atterent)
, 18. This part of a reflex is inside the CNS, made up of one or more synapses.
Answer: The integration center
19. What is true about the stretch reflex?
Answer: The muscle spindle detects stretch within the muscle.
20. What is true about the flexor withdrawal reflex?
Answer: It involves excitatory interneurons. It involves inhibitory interneurons.
21. Your doctor taps on your patellar tendon. List out the steps, in detail, of
the nervous pathway of the reflex he is testing. Include any sensory organs
involved and the action of the reflex.
Answer: Stretch on patellar tendon (tapping patellar tendon) Muscle spindle detects stretch
Atterent (sensory) neuron through DRG
Spinal cord
Synapses directly on a motor neuron (etterent)
Action To muscle fiber to contract quadriceps (kicking foot)
22. Botulism is a disease caused by a neurotoxin that interferes with the release
of Acetylcholine. Patients with this disease experience flaccid paralysis, or the
inability to contract their muscles. Explain why this would occur.
Answer: Acetylcholine triggers the release of sodium ions. The sodium ions reach the sarcoplasmic
Actual Questions and Verified Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
1. This is a collection of cell bodies found in the peripheral nervous system.
Answer: Gan- glia
2. This part of the autonomic system increases digestion.
Answer: Parasympathetic
3. The ventral root of a nerve contains what type of neurons?
Answer: Motor (Etterent)
4. This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body.
Answer: Axon
5. An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of the
Answer: Central nervous system
6. Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters.
Answer: The neuron cell body manufactures neurotransmitters, which are stored in secretory
vesicles at the end of axon terminals.
,7. An afferent neuron carries information
Answer: From the peripheral to the central nervous system
8. What is the location and function of Astrocytes?
Answer: Astrocytes form the blood/brain barrier, are found in the brain, and are part of the CNS
9. A patient's left thumb was severed in a cooking accident and then reattached
during surgery. Would the patient be expected to regrow axons in their thumb? Why
or why not?
Answer: Yes; Peripheral nerves can regenerate the length of the axon through axonal regeneration because of
the growth of Schwann cells ahead of the axon.
10. Name and describe what is occurring in the neuron cell membrane in section 2
of the diagram. Include the charge of the membrane during this phase.
Answer: De- polarization The sodium gates open and sodium rushes into the axon during the depolarization
phase of the action potential.
Voltage travels past zero and then on up to +40 mV.
11. At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is
Answer: -70mV
12. Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
Answer: The overall ettect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane.
,13. True or false. A sensory neuron is signaling the body of a light touch. This
means that the strength of the action potential is weaker than usual. Explain
your reasoning.
Answer: False. The action potential is always the same. The frequency and number of nuerons activated change
the increase in intensity.
14. Which of the following statements is false concerning the neuromuscular
junction?
Answer: Ach is released from the presynaptic motor neuron to cause an action potential in the muscle fiber.
15. How is a message sent from one neuron to another?
Answer: A signal travels from the cell body through the axon and releases neurotransmitters into the
synapse. These nuerotransmitters bind with receptor that carry the message to the dendrite of the next neuron, and
the process begins again.
16. What neurotransmitter helps regulate emotional responses and muscle
tone?
Answer: Dopamine
17. In a reflex, the neuron conducts nerve impulses along a pathway
towards the central nervous system.
Answer: Sensory (atterent)
, 18. This part of a reflex is inside the CNS, made up of one or more synapses.
Answer: The integration center
19. What is true about the stretch reflex?
Answer: The muscle spindle detects stretch within the muscle.
20. What is true about the flexor withdrawal reflex?
Answer: It involves excitatory interneurons. It involves inhibitory interneurons.
21. Your doctor taps on your patellar tendon. List out the steps, in detail, of
the nervous pathway of the reflex he is testing. Include any sensory organs
involved and the action of the reflex.
Answer: Stretch on patellar tendon (tapping patellar tendon) Muscle spindle detects stretch
Atterent (sensory) neuron through DRG
Spinal cord
Synapses directly on a motor neuron (etterent)
Action To muscle fiber to contract quadriceps (kicking foot)
22. Botulism is a disease caused by a neurotoxin that interferes with the release
of Acetylcholine. Patients with this disease experience flaccid paralysis, or the
inability to contract their muscles. Explain why this would occur.
Answer: Acetylcholine triggers the release of sodium ions. The sodium ions reach the sarcoplasmic
