NR667 WEEK 8 EXIT EXAM ACTUAL TEST
SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Risk Factors: Hypertension. Answer: -Modifiable: smoking, DM,
high cholesterol, obesity (single most important factor in children),
physical inactivity, poor diet, excessive sodium intake, excessive
alcohol consumption
-Non-modifiable: CKD, family hx, increased age (>55 men, > 65
women), low socioeconomic status, low educational status, male sex,
OSA, stress, pregnancy
◉ Assessment: Hypertension. Answer: -Most are asymptomatic;
occipital headache, headache upon waking, blurry vision,
fundoscopic exam (AV nicking, exudates, papilledema), left vent.
hypertrophy, pregnancy w/HTN and proteinuria, edema, and
excessive weight gain
◉ Differential Diagnosis: Hypertension. Answer: -Secondary HTN,
white coat HTN (artificial elevation d/t medical environment
anxiety)
◉ Final Diagnosis: Hypertension. Answer: -Urinalysis = proteinuria
-Electrolytes, creatinine, calcium
,-Fasting lipid profile and BS
-ECG
-Measure BP twice, 5 mins apart
-Patient should be seated; use proper cuff size and application
◉ Prevention: Hypertension. Answer: -Maintaining healthy weight
and BMI
-Smoking cessation
-Regular aerobic exercise
-Alcohol in moderation (< 1 oz/day)
-Stress management
-Medication compliance
-Assess for and treat OSA
◉ Non-pharm management: Hypertension. Answer: -Stage 1: Risk
score < 10% =lifestyle modification
-Stage 2: lifestyle + medication
-DASH eating plan: high fruit, veggies, grains; low fat dairy, fish,
poultry, beans, nuts
-Reduce dietary sodium to 2,300mg/day, increase K+
-Reduce sat. fat intake
-Body weight reduction; 1kg of weight reduction = 1 mm/hg bp
reduction
,-150 mins of aerobic exercise and/or 3 sessions of isometric
resistance per week
-Treat other underlying diseases
-Check bp 2x/week during pregnancy
◉ Pharmacological management: Hypertension. Answer: -Start
medication for primary prevention of CVD if pt. has ASCVD risk ≥
10% and stage 1 HTN or if ASCVD is < 10% with bp >140/90
-Stage 2: start 2 bp-lowering medications
-African Americans: 2+ medications recommended; thiazide and
CCBs are the most effective
*DO NOT use ACE and ARB concurrently
-Beta blockers are NOT first line
-Thiazides, CCBs, ACEIs, and ARBs can be used alone or in combo
◉ Pregnancy considerations: Hypertension. Answer: -Can use beta
blockers (labetalol), methyldopa, CCBs (nifedipine)
-AVOID ARBs and ACEIs
◉ Follow-up: Hypertension. Answer: -Inquire about adherence and
any side effects
-Reassess monthly until patient reaches goal, then every 3-6 months
as needed
, ◉ Expected course: Hypertension. Answer: -Only 54% of treated
patients are at goal treatment; expect complications if under treated
-Most patients require more than one medication to reach goal bp
◉ Possible Complications: Hypertension. Answer: -Stroke, CAD, MI,
renal failure, heart failure, eclampsia (seizures), pulmonary edema,
hypertensive crisis, hypertensive retinopathy, ED
◉ Etiology: Hyperlipidemia. Answer: -Inherited disorder, high
dietary intake, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, DM, hypothyroidism,
anabolic steroid use, hepatitis, cirrhosis, uremia, nephrotic
syndrome, stress, drug-induced (thiazide diuretics, beta blockers,
cyclosporine), alcohol, caffeine, metabolic syndrome
◉ Risk factors: Hyperlipidemia. Answer: -Family history, physical
inactivity, smoking, age (men > 45, women > 55 or premature
menopause without estrogen replacement), obesity, diet high in sat.
fat, DM
◉ Assessment findings: Hyperlipidemia. Answer: -Few physical
findings; xanthomata (fat deposits in the skin), xanthelasma (yellow
plaques on the eyelid), corneal arcus prior to age 50 (arc of
cholesterol around the iris), bruits, angina pectoris, MI, stroke
SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Risk Factors: Hypertension. Answer: -Modifiable: smoking, DM,
high cholesterol, obesity (single most important factor in children),
physical inactivity, poor diet, excessive sodium intake, excessive
alcohol consumption
-Non-modifiable: CKD, family hx, increased age (>55 men, > 65
women), low socioeconomic status, low educational status, male sex,
OSA, stress, pregnancy
◉ Assessment: Hypertension. Answer: -Most are asymptomatic;
occipital headache, headache upon waking, blurry vision,
fundoscopic exam (AV nicking, exudates, papilledema), left vent.
hypertrophy, pregnancy w/HTN and proteinuria, edema, and
excessive weight gain
◉ Differential Diagnosis: Hypertension. Answer: -Secondary HTN,
white coat HTN (artificial elevation d/t medical environment
anxiety)
◉ Final Diagnosis: Hypertension. Answer: -Urinalysis = proteinuria
-Electrolytes, creatinine, calcium
,-Fasting lipid profile and BS
-ECG
-Measure BP twice, 5 mins apart
-Patient should be seated; use proper cuff size and application
◉ Prevention: Hypertension. Answer: -Maintaining healthy weight
and BMI
-Smoking cessation
-Regular aerobic exercise
-Alcohol in moderation (< 1 oz/day)
-Stress management
-Medication compliance
-Assess for and treat OSA
◉ Non-pharm management: Hypertension. Answer: -Stage 1: Risk
score < 10% =lifestyle modification
-Stage 2: lifestyle + medication
-DASH eating plan: high fruit, veggies, grains; low fat dairy, fish,
poultry, beans, nuts
-Reduce dietary sodium to 2,300mg/day, increase K+
-Reduce sat. fat intake
-Body weight reduction; 1kg of weight reduction = 1 mm/hg bp
reduction
,-150 mins of aerobic exercise and/or 3 sessions of isometric
resistance per week
-Treat other underlying diseases
-Check bp 2x/week during pregnancy
◉ Pharmacological management: Hypertension. Answer: -Start
medication for primary prevention of CVD if pt. has ASCVD risk ≥
10% and stage 1 HTN or if ASCVD is < 10% with bp >140/90
-Stage 2: start 2 bp-lowering medications
-African Americans: 2+ medications recommended; thiazide and
CCBs are the most effective
*DO NOT use ACE and ARB concurrently
-Beta blockers are NOT first line
-Thiazides, CCBs, ACEIs, and ARBs can be used alone or in combo
◉ Pregnancy considerations: Hypertension. Answer: -Can use beta
blockers (labetalol), methyldopa, CCBs (nifedipine)
-AVOID ARBs and ACEIs
◉ Follow-up: Hypertension. Answer: -Inquire about adherence and
any side effects
-Reassess monthly until patient reaches goal, then every 3-6 months
as needed
, ◉ Expected course: Hypertension. Answer: -Only 54% of treated
patients are at goal treatment; expect complications if under treated
-Most patients require more than one medication to reach goal bp
◉ Possible Complications: Hypertension. Answer: -Stroke, CAD, MI,
renal failure, heart failure, eclampsia (seizures), pulmonary edema,
hypertensive crisis, hypertensive retinopathy, ED
◉ Etiology: Hyperlipidemia. Answer: -Inherited disorder, high
dietary intake, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, DM, hypothyroidism,
anabolic steroid use, hepatitis, cirrhosis, uremia, nephrotic
syndrome, stress, drug-induced (thiazide diuretics, beta blockers,
cyclosporine), alcohol, caffeine, metabolic syndrome
◉ Risk factors: Hyperlipidemia. Answer: -Family history, physical
inactivity, smoking, age (men > 45, women > 55 or premature
menopause without estrogen replacement), obesity, diet high in sat.
fat, DM
◉ Assessment findings: Hyperlipidemia. Answer: -Few physical
findings; xanthomata (fat deposits in the skin), xanthelasma (yellow
plaques on the eyelid), corneal arcus prior to age 50 (arc of
cholesterol around the iris), bruits, angina pectoris, MI, stroke
