HESI Medical-Surgical Practice
Exam | Questions and Answers
with Rationales | GRADED A+
ASSURED SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive Rationales
Included
, The nurse is assessing a client's laboratory values B. Serum calcium of 5 mg/dl.
following administration of chemotherapy. Which lab value
leads the nurse to suspect that the client is experiencing TLS results in hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, and
tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)? hyperphosphatemia.
A. Serum PTT of 10 seconds
B. Serum calcium of 5 mg/dl
C. Oxygen saturation of 90%
D. Hemoglobin of 10 g/dl
A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of A. Lower left quadrant pain and a low-grade fever.
severe acute diverticulitis. Which assessment finding
should the nurse expect this client to exhibit? Left lower quadrant pain occurs with diverticulitis because the sigmoid colon is the
most common area for diverticula, and the inflammation of diverticula causes a low-
A. Lower left quadrant pain and a low-grade fever grade fever.
B. Severe pain at McBurney's point and nausea.
C. Abdominal pain and intermittent tenesmus
D. Exacerbations of severe diarrhea
During CPR, when attempting to ventilate a client's lungs, B. Reposition the head to validate that the head is in the proper position to open the
the nurse notes that the chest is not moving. What action airway.
should the nurse take first?
The most frequent cause of inadequate aeration of the client's lungs during CPR is
A. Use a laryngoscope to check for a foreign body lodged improper positioning of the head resulting in occlusion of the airway. A foreign body
in the esophagus. can occlude the airway, but this is not common unless choking preceded the cardiac
emergency, and should not be the nurse's first action.
B. Reposition the head to validate that the head is in the
proper position to open the airway.
C. Turn the client to the side and administer three back
blows.
D. Perform a finger sweep of the mouth to remove any
vomitus
A client is admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis B. Gram-negative organisms are more resistant to antibiotic therapy
of pneumococcal pneumonia. The nurse knows that the
prognosis for gram-negative pneumonias (such as E. coli, The gram-negative organisms are resistant to drug therapy which makes recovery
Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, and Proteus) is very poor very difficult. Gram-negative pneumonias affect all lobes of the lung. The mean age
because: for contracting this type of pneumonia is 50 years, and it usually strikes debilitated
persons such as alcoholics, diabetics, and those with chronic lung diseases.
A. They occur in the lower love alveoli which are more
sensitive to infection
B. Gram-negative organisms are more resistant to
antibiotic therapy
C. They occur in healthy young adults who have recently
been debilitated by an upper respiratory infection.
D. Gram-negative pneumonias usually affect infants and
small children.
Exam | Questions and Answers
with Rationales | GRADED A+
ASSURED SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive Rationales
Included
, The nurse is assessing a client's laboratory values B. Serum calcium of 5 mg/dl.
following administration of chemotherapy. Which lab value
leads the nurse to suspect that the client is experiencing TLS results in hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, and
tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)? hyperphosphatemia.
A. Serum PTT of 10 seconds
B. Serum calcium of 5 mg/dl
C. Oxygen saturation of 90%
D. Hemoglobin of 10 g/dl
A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of A. Lower left quadrant pain and a low-grade fever.
severe acute diverticulitis. Which assessment finding
should the nurse expect this client to exhibit? Left lower quadrant pain occurs with diverticulitis because the sigmoid colon is the
most common area for diverticula, and the inflammation of diverticula causes a low-
A. Lower left quadrant pain and a low-grade fever grade fever.
B. Severe pain at McBurney's point and nausea.
C. Abdominal pain and intermittent tenesmus
D. Exacerbations of severe diarrhea
During CPR, when attempting to ventilate a client's lungs, B. Reposition the head to validate that the head is in the proper position to open the
the nurse notes that the chest is not moving. What action airway.
should the nurse take first?
The most frequent cause of inadequate aeration of the client's lungs during CPR is
A. Use a laryngoscope to check for a foreign body lodged improper positioning of the head resulting in occlusion of the airway. A foreign body
in the esophagus. can occlude the airway, but this is not common unless choking preceded the cardiac
emergency, and should not be the nurse's first action.
B. Reposition the head to validate that the head is in the
proper position to open the airway.
C. Turn the client to the side and administer three back
blows.
D. Perform a finger sweep of the mouth to remove any
vomitus
A client is admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis B. Gram-negative organisms are more resistant to antibiotic therapy
of pneumococcal pneumonia. The nurse knows that the
prognosis for gram-negative pneumonias (such as E. coli, The gram-negative organisms are resistant to drug therapy which makes recovery
Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, and Proteus) is very poor very difficult. Gram-negative pneumonias affect all lobes of the lung. The mean age
because: for contracting this type of pneumonia is 50 years, and it usually strikes debilitated
persons such as alcoholics, diabetics, and those with chronic lung diseases.
A. They occur in the lower love alveoli which are more
sensitive to infection
B. Gram-negative organisms are more resistant to
antibiotic therapy
C. They occur in healthy young adults who have recently
been debilitated by an upper respiratory infection.
D. Gram-negative pneumonias usually affect infants and
small children.
