Questions and correct answers for each of the
three topics: PSY 101 – Introduction to
Psychology, PSY 102 – Developmental
Psychology, and PSY 103 – Abnormal
Psychology.
PSY 101 – Introduction to Psychology (100 Q&A)
1. What is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes?
Answer: Psychology.
2. Which perspective emphasizes the role of unconscious drives and early childhood experiences?
Answer: Psychodynamic perspective.
3. Who is credited with founding the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany, in 1879?
Answer: Wilhelm Wundt.
4. What school of thought, pioneered by William James, focused on the purpose of consciousness?
Answer: Functionalism.
5. What is the term for the process of objectively examining and reporting one's own conscious
thoughts?
Answer: Introspection.
,6. Which perspective focuses on observable, measurable behavior and the role of environmental
stimuli?
Answer: Behaviorism.
7. Who is known for the "Little Albert" experiment demonstrating conditioned fear?
Answer: John B. Watson.
8. What is the "fight or flight" response associated with?
Answer: The sympathetic nervous system.
9. Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
Answer: Dendrites.
10. What is the gap between two neurons called?
Answer: Synapse.
11. Which neurotransmitter is associated with movement, reward, and pleasure, and is linked to
Parkinson's disease?
Answer: Dopamine.
12. What is the part of the brain that is crucial for balance and coordination?
Answer: Cerebellum.
13. Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for vision?
Answer: Occipital lobe.
14. What is the term for the brain's ability to change and reorganize itself throughout life?
Answer: Neuroplasticity.
,15. What is the awareness of internal and external stimuli called?
Answer: Consciousness.
16. What are the four stages of non-REM sleep?
Answer: NREM 1, NREM 2, NREM 3, and NREM 4 (or N1, N2, N3; stage 4 is often combined with stage
3 as slow-wave sleep).
17. During which sleep stage do most vivid dreams occur?
Answer: REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep.
18. What is the process of converting sensory information into neural signals?
Answer: Transduction.
19. What is the smallest detectable difference between two stimuli called?
Answer: Difference threshold (or Just Noticeable Difference - JND).
20. What theory of color vision proposes that we have three types of cones?
Answer: Trichromatic theory.
21. What is the theory that explains pain perception as involving both sensory and emotional
components?
Answer: Gate-control theory.
22. What is the process of learning through association?
Answer: Classical conditioning.
23. Who is famous for his experiments on classical conditioning with dogs?
Answer: Ivan Pavlov.
, 24. In classical conditioning, what is a previously neutral stimulus that, after association, elicits a
response?
Answer: Conditioned stimulus (CS).
25. What type of conditioning uses rewards and punishments to shape behavior?
Answer: Operant conditioning.
26. Who is the psychologist most associated with operant conditioning?
Answer: B.F. Skinner.
27. What is the process of reinforcing successive approximations of a desired behavior?
Answer: Shaping.
28. What is a schedule of reinforcement that rewards a behavior after an unpredictable amount of time?
Answer: Variable-interval schedule.
29. What is the process of observing and imitating a model's behavior called?
Answer: Observational learning (or modeling).
30. Who conducted the "Bobo doll" experiment demonstrating observational aggression?
Answer: Albert Bandura.
31. What is the storage and retrieval of information over time?
Answer: Memory.
32. What are the three stages of memory according to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model?
Answer: Sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory.
33. How many items can the average person hold in short-term memory?
three topics: PSY 101 – Introduction to
Psychology, PSY 102 – Developmental
Psychology, and PSY 103 – Abnormal
Psychology.
PSY 101 – Introduction to Psychology (100 Q&A)
1. What is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes?
Answer: Psychology.
2. Which perspective emphasizes the role of unconscious drives and early childhood experiences?
Answer: Psychodynamic perspective.
3. Who is credited with founding the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany, in 1879?
Answer: Wilhelm Wundt.
4. What school of thought, pioneered by William James, focused on the purpose of consciousness?
Answer: Functionalism.
5. What is the term for the process of objectively examining and reporting one's own conscious
thoughts?
Answer: Introspection.
,6. Which perspective focuses on observable, measurable behavior and the role of environmental
stimuli?
Answer: Behaviorism.
7. Who is known for the "Little Albert" experiment demonstrating conditioned fear?
Answer: John B. Watson.
8. What is the "fight or flight" response associated with?
Answer: The sympathetic nervous system.
9. Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
Answer: Dendrites.
10. What is the gap between two neurons called?
Answer: Synapse.
11. Which neurotransmitter is associated with movement, reward, and pleasure, and is linked to
Parkinson's disease?
Answer: Dopamine.
12. What is the part of the brain that is crucial for balance and coordination?
Answer: Cerebellum.
13. Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for vision?
Answer: Occipital lobe.
14. What is the term for the brain's ability to change and reorganize itself throughout life?
Answer: Neuroplasticity.
,15. What is the awareness of internal and external stimuli called?
Answer: Consciousness.
16. What are the four stages of non-REM sleep?
Answer: NREM 1, NREM 2, NREM 3, and NREM 4 (or N1, N2, N3; stage 4 is often combined with stage
3 as slow-wave sleep).
17. During which sleep stage do most vivid dreams occur?
Answer: REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep.
18. What is the process of converting sensory information into neural signals?
Answer: Transduction.
19. What is the smallest detectable difference between two stimuli called?
Answer: Difference threshold (or Just Noticeable Difference - JND).
20. What theory of color vision proposes that we have three types of cones?
Answer: Trichromatic theory.
21. What is the theory that explains pain perception as involving both sensory and emotional
components?
Answer: Gate-control theory.
22. What is the process of learning through association?
Answer: Classical conditioning.
23. Who is famous for his experiments on classical conditioning with dogs?
Answer: Ivan Pavlov.
, 24. In classical conditioning, what is a previously neutral stimulus that, after association, elicits a
response?
Answer: Conditioned stimulus (CS).
25. What type of conditioning uses rewards and punishments to shape behavior?
Answer: Operant conditioning.
26. Who is the psychologist most associated with operant conditioning?
Answer: B.F. Skinner.
27. What is the process of reinforcing successive approximations of a desired behavior?
Answer: Shaping.
28. What is a schedule of reinforcement that rewards a behavior after an unpredictable amount of time?
Answer: Variable-interval schedule.
29. What is the process of observing and imitating a model's behavior called?
Answer: Observational learning (or modeling).
30. Who conducted the "Bobo doll" experiment demonstrating observational aggression?
Answer: Albert Bandura.
31. What is the storage and retrieval of information over time?
Answer: Memory.
32. What are the three stages of memory according to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model?
Answer: Sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory.
33. How many items can the average person hold in short-term memory?
