Test Bank for Lehninger Principles of
Biochemistry | Exam Prep | Grade A+
• respiratory chain -✓✓The electron-transfer chain; a sequence of
electron-carrying proteins that transfers electrons from substrates to
molecular oxygen in aerobic cells.
• flavoprotein -✓✓An enzyme containing a flavin nucleotide as a tightly
bound prosthetic group.
• reducing equivalent -✓✓A general term for an electron or an electron
equivalent in the form of a hydrogen atom or a hydride ion.
• ubiquinone (coenzyme Q, Q) -✓✓A mobile component of the
mitochondrial electron transport chain, where it acts as a pro-oxidant in
its ubisemiquinone state.
• cytochromes -✓✓Heme proteins serving as electron carriers in
respiration, photosynthesis, and other oxidation-reduction reactions.
• iron-sulfur protein -✓✓One of a large family of electron-transfer
proteins in which the electron carrier is one or more iron ions associated
with two or more sulfur atoms of Cys residues or of inorganic sulfide.
• Rieske iron-sulfur protein -✓✓A type of iron-sulfur protein in which
two of the ligands to the central iron ion are His side chains; act in many
electron-transfer sequences, including oxidative phosphorylation and
photophosphorylation.
• Complex I -✓✓The first large protein complex of the respiratory
chains of myriad organisms from bacteria to humans. It catalyzes the
transfer of electrons from NADH to coenzyme Q₁₀ and translocates
, protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes or the
plasma membrane of bacteria. Also known as NADH dehydrogenase.
• NADH dehydrogenase -✓✓The first large protein complex of the
respiratory chains of myriad organisms from bacteria to humans. It
catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to coenzyme Q₁₀ and
translocates protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane in
eukaryotes or the plasma membrane of bacteria. Also known as
Complex I.
• vectorial -✓✓Describes an enzymatic reaction or transport process in
which the protein has a specific orientation in a biological membrane
such that the substrate is moved from one side of the membrane to the
other as it is converted into product.
• Complex II -✓✓An enzyme complex, found in many bacterial cells
and in the inner mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotes. It is the only
enzyme that participates in both the citric acid cycle and the electron
transport chain. Also known as succinate dehydrogenase.
• succinate dehydrogenase -✓✓An enzyme complex, found in many
bacterial cells and in the inner mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotes. It
is the only enzyme that participates in both the citric acid cycle and the
electron transport chain. Also known as Complex II.
• reactive oxygen species (ROS) -✓✓Highly reactive products of the
partial reduction of O, including hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), superoxide
(˙O₂⁻), and hydroxyl free radical (˙OH); minor byproducts of oxidative
phosphorylation.
• superoxide radical (˙O₂⁻) -✓✓The product of the one-electron
reduction of dioxygen O₂.
• Complex III -✓✓Catalyzes the chemical reaction
Biochemistry | Exam Prep | Grade A+
• respiratory chain -✓✓The electron-transfer chain; a sequence of
electron-carrying proteins that transfers electrons from substrates to
molecular oxygen in aerobic cells.
• flavoprotein -✓✓An enzyme containing a flavin nucleotide as a tightly
bound prosthetic group.
• reducing equivalent -✓✓A general term for an electron or an electron
equivalent in the form of a hydrogen atom or a hydride ion.
• ubiquinone (coenzyme Q, Q) -✓✓A mobile component of the
mitochondrial electron transport chain, where it acts as a pro-oxidant in
its ubisemiquinone state.
• cytochromes -✓✓Heme proteins serving as electron carriers in
respiration, photosynthesis, and other oxidation-reduction reactions.
• iron-sulfur protein -✓✓One of a large family of electron-transfer
proteins in which the electron carrier is one or more iron ions associated
with two or more sulfur atoms of Cys residues or of inorganic sulfide.
• Rieske iron-sulfur protein -✓✓A type of iron-sulfur protein in which
two of the ligands to the central iron ion are His side chains; act in many
electron-transfer sequences, including oxidative phosphorylation and
photophosphorylation.
• Complex I -✓✓The first large protein complex of the respiratory
chains of myriad organisms from bacteria to humans. It catalyzes the
transfer of electrons from NADH to coenzyme Q₁₀ and translocates
, protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes or the
plasma membrane of bacteria. Also known as NADH dehydrogenase.
• NADH dehydrogenase -✓✓The first large protein complex of the
respiratory chains of myriad organisms from bacteria to humans. It
catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to coenzyme Q₁₀ and
translocates protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane in
eukaryotes or the plasma membrane of bacteria. Also known as
Complex I.
• vectorial -✓✓Describes an enzymatic reaction or transport process in
which the protein has a specific orientation in a biological membrane
such that the substrate is moved from one side of the membrane to the
other as it is converted into product.
• Complex II -✓✓An enzyme complex, found in many bacterial cells
and in the inner mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotes. It is the only
enzyme that participates in both the citric acid cycle and the electron
transport chain. Also known as succinate dehydrogenase.
• succinate dehydrogenase -✓✓An enzyme complex, found in many
bacterial cells and in the inner mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotes. It
is the only enzyme that participates in both the citric acid cycle and the
electron transport chain. Also known as Complex II.
• reactive oxygen species (ROS) -✓✓Highly reactive products of the
partial reduction of O, including hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), superoxide
(˙O₂⁻), and hydroxyl free radical (˙OH); minor byproducts of oxidative
phosphorylation.
• superoxide radical (˙O₂⁻) -✓✓The product of the one-electron
reduction of dioxygen O₂.
• Complex III -✓✓Catalyzes the chemical reaction
