URI NUR 243 exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
What are some indications for PPIs? -Gastric/duodenal ulcers
-GERD
-Ulcer prophylaxis
What do PPIs end in? "azole"
What are adverse effects of PPIs? -Headache
-GI effects
-Pneumonia
-Fractures
-Hypomagnesemia
-Rebound acid hypersecretion
-C. difficile infection
What adverse effects of PPIs in short term use? Adverse effects are usually inconsequential with short term use
What do histamine H2 receptor antagonists (H2 blockers) "tidine"
end in?
What are indications for H2 blockers? -Gastric and duodenal ulcers
-GERD
-Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
-Heartburn/acid indigestion/sour stomach
If H2 blockers are taken with meals, what happens? Absorption is slowed
Can H2 blockers cross the blood brain barrier? Yes, with difficulty
What do H2 blockers do? Promote healing by suppressing secretion of gastric acid through inhibition of
Histamine 2 receptors
What are adverse effects of H2 blockers? -Serious side effects are uncommon
-Antiandrogenic effects
-CNS effects
-Pneumonia
What drugs does H2 interact with? -Warfarin
-Phenytoin
-Theophylline
-Lidocaine (increased blood levels)
-Antacids
How should antacids be taken while taking H2 blockers? Antacids and H2 blockers should be taken at least one hour apart
, What is Cimetidine (Tagamet)'s mechanism of action? Inhibits H2 receptors of gastric parietal cells reducing gastric acid secretion and
volume
What drug class is Omeprazole (Prilosec)? Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
What are indications for Omeprazole? -NSAID induced ulcer prophylaxis
-GERD
-Gastric/duodenal ulcers
-Ulcer prophylaxis
-Suppressing secretions of gastric acid)
Should Omeprazole be used short-term or long-term? Short-term
What is the half life of Omeprazole? Short half life
What is Omeprazole's mechanism of action? Suppresses gastric basal and stimulates acid secretion by inhibiting the parietal
H+/K+ ATP pump
What are the adverse effects of Omeprazole? -Headache
-GI effects
-Pneumonia
-Fractures
-Hypomagnesemia
-Rebound acid hypersecretion
-C. difficile infection
How should Bulk-forming laxatives be administered? Orally with adequate fluid intake as infrequently as possible at the lowest effective
dose
How long can Bulk-forming laxatives be used for? No longer than one week
What kind of laxative is Lactulose? Osmotic laxative
What is Lactulose used for associated with the liver? Used to reduce ammonia levels in hepatic encephalopathy
What kind of laxative is Magnesium hydroxide? Osmotic laxative
What are contraindications for Magnesium hydroxide? -Low potassium levels
-Renal failure
-Severe dehydration
What is Montelukast (Singulair)? The best tolerated oral anti-inflammatory leukotriene modifier
Concurrent use with what drug decreases Montelukast Phenytoin
levels?
What do leukotrienes do? Promote smooth muscle constriction, blood vessel permeability, and
inflammation responses through direct action and recruitment of eosinophils and
other inflammatory cells
CORRECT Answers
What are some indications for PPIs? -Gastric/duodenal ulcers
-GERD
-Ulcer prophylaxis
What do PPIs end in? "azole"
What are adverse effects of PPIs? -Headache
-GI effects
-Pneumonia
-Fractures
-Hypomagnesemia
-Rebound acid hypersecretion
-C. difficile infection
What adverse effects of PPIs in short term use? Adverse effects are usually inconsequential with short term use
What do histamine H2 receptor antagonists (H2 blockers) "tidine"
end in?
What are indications for H2 blockers? -Gastric and duodenal ulcers
-GERD
-Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
-Heartburn/acid indigestion/sour stomach
If H2 blockers are taken with meals, what happens? Absorption is slowed
Can H2 blockers cross the blood brain barrier? Yes, with difficulty
What do H2 blockers do? Promote healing by suppressing secretion of gastric acid through inhibition of
Histamine 2 receptors
What are adverse effects of H2 blockers? -Serious side effects are uncommon
-Antiandrogenic effects
-CNS effects
-Pneumonia
What drugs does H2 interact with? -Warfarin
-Phenytoin
-Theophylline
-Lidocaine (increased blood levels)
-Antacids
How should antacids be taken while taking H2 blockers? Antacids and H2 blockers should be taken at least one hour apart
, What is Cimetidine (Tagamet)'s mechanism of action? Inhibits H2 receptors of gastric parietal cells reducing gastric acid secretion and
volume
What drug class is Omeprazole (Prilosec)? Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
What are indications for Omeprazole? -NSAID induced ulcer prophylaxis
-GERD
-Gastric/duodenal ulcers
-Ulcer prophylaxis
-Suppressing secretions of gastric acid)
Should Omeprazole be used short-term or long-term? Short-term
What is the half life of Omeprazole? Short half life
What is Omeprazole's mechanism of action? Suppresses gastric basal and stimulates acid secretion by inhibiting the parietal
H+/K+ ATP pump
What are the adverse effects of Omeprazole? -Headache
-GI effects
-Pneumonia
-Fractures
-Hypomagnesemia
-Rebound acid hypersecretion
-C. difficile infection
How should Bulk-forming laxatives be administered? Orally with adequate fluid intake as infrequently as possible at the lowest effective
dose
How long can Bulk-forming laxatives be used for? No longer than one week
What kind of laxative is Lactulose? Osmotic laxative
What is Lactulose used for associated with the liver? Used to reduce ammonia levels in hepatic encephalopathy
What kind of laxative is Magnesium hydroxide? Osmotic laxative
What are contraindications for Magnesium hydroxide? -Low potassium levels
-Renal failure
-Severe dehydration
What is Montelukast (Singulair)? The best tolerated oral anti-inflammatory leukotriene modifier
Concurrent use with what drug decreases Montelukast Phenytoin
levels?
What do leukotrienes do? Promote smooth muscle constriction, blood vessel permeability, and
inflammation responses through direct action and recruitment of eosinophils and
other inflammatory cells
