AEMTjkNREMTjkStudyjkGuide
Compression/jkVentilationjkratiojkforjkonejkrescuer?jkTwo?jk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔1jkrescuerjk=jk30:2jk
2jkrescuersjk=jk30:2
Pediatricjk2jkrescuerjkisjk15:2jkbutjkotherwisejkstaysjkthejksame
WhatjkisjkthejkproperjkcompressionjkratejkinjkCPR?jk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔100-120jkperjkminute
Compressionjkratejkfor:jkAdults
Children?jk
Infants:jk-jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔Adults:jk2jkinches
Children:jk1/3jkdepthjkofjkchestjkorjk2jkin
Infants:jk1.5jkinches
Whatjkarejk2jkrhythmsjkarejkconsideredjk"shockable"jkrhythms?jk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔Ventricular jkFibrilation
PulselessjkVentricularjkTachycardia
Usejkthejkfollowingjktermsjktojkdescribejkthejkflowjkofjkbloodjkthroughoutjkthejk
body:
Atrium,jkVentricle,jkarteries,jkveins,jkaorta,jkpulmonaryjkartery,jkpulmonaryjk
vein,jkcapillaries,jkvenajkcava,jkarterioles.jk-
, CORRECTjkANSWER✔1.jkDeoxygenatedjkbloodjktravelsjkthroughjkthejks
jk
uperiorjkandjkinferiorjkvenajkcavajktojkthejkrightjkatrium
2.jkThejkbloodjkisjkpumpedjkbyjkthejkrightjkventriclejktojkthejkpulmonaryjkarteryjk
tojkthejklungs.jkThisjkisjkwherejkthejkbloodjkisjkoxygenatedjkbeforejkbeingjksentjk
backjkthroughjkpulmonaryjkveinsjktojkthejkleftjkatrium.jk
3.jkBloodjkflowsjkintojkthejkleftjkventricle,jkwhichjkisjkresponsiblejkforjkpumpin
gjkbloodjkintojkthejkaortajkandjkoutjkthroughjkarteriesjktojkthejkbody.jk
4.jkArteriesjkbranchjkoffjkintojkarterioles,jkthenjktojkcapillaries,jkwhichjkisjkwher
ejknutrientjkexchangejkoccursjkwithjkcells.
5.jkLast,jkbloodjkflowsjkbackjkintojkthejkveins,jkintojkthejksuperiorjkandjkinferiorjk
venajkcavajkbeforejkreturningjktojkthejkheart.
Whatjkarejktwojkimportantjkrolesjkofjkredjkbloodjkcells?jk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔Transportjkoxygenjktojkthejkcells
Transportjkcarbonjkdioxidejktojkthejklungs
7jksignsjkofjkcardiacjkcomporomisejk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔1.jkabnormaljkbloodjkpressure
2.jkpain,jkpressure,jkorjkdiscomfortjkinjkthejkchestjkorjkabdomen
3.jkshortnessjkofjkbreath
4.jkpalpitations
5.jkanxietyjkorjkirritability
6.jkabnormaljkpulse
7.jkSuddenjkonsetjkofjknauseajkorjkvomiting
, Youjkauscultatejkyourjkpatient'sjklungsjkandjkfindjkcracklesjkwithjkdifficultyjkbr
eathing.jkWhichjksidejkofjkthejkheartjkisjkaffectedjkandjkwhy?jk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔Shortnessjkofjkbreathjkwithjkcracklesjkinjkthejklung
sjkisjkindicativejkofjkleft-
sidedjkheartjkfailure.jkFailurejkofjkthejkleftjkventriclejktojkpumpjkbloodjkeffectiv
elyjkcausesjkbloodjktojkbejkbackedjkupjktojkintojkthejklungsjk(congested)
Right-
sidedjkheartjkfailurejkcausesjkbloodjktojkbackupjkintojkbody,jkcausingjkpittingjke
demajkthroughoutjkthejkbody.jkWhat'sjkthejkcausejkandjknamejkofjkthisjkconditio
n?jk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔CorjkPulmonale.jkThejkusualjkcausejkisjkpulmonar
yjkdisease,jksuchjkasjkpulmonaryjkhypertensionjkorjkpulmonaryjkstenosisjk(obst
ructionjkinjkthejkP.A)
Preloadjk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔Preload,jkalsojkknownjkasjkthejkleftjkventricular jke
nd-
diastolicjkpressurejk(LVEDP),jkisjkthejkamountjkofjkventricularjkstretchjkatjkthej
kendjkofjkdiastole.jkThinkjkofjkitjkasjkthejkheartjkloadingjkupjkforjkthejknextjkbigjksq
ueezejkofjkthejkventriclesjkduringjksystole.jkSomejkpeoplejkrememberjkthisjkbyjk
usingjkanjkanalogyjkofjkajkballoonjk-
jkblowjkairjkintojkthejkballoonjkandjkitjkstretches;jkthejkmorejkairjkyoujkblowjkin,jkt
hejkgreaterjkthejkstretch
Afterloadjk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔Afterload,jkalsojkknownjkasjkthejksystemic jkvascu
larjkresistancejk(SVR),jkisjkthejkamountjkofjkresistancejkthejkheartjkmustjkoverco
mejktojkopenjkthejkaorticjkvalvejkandjkpushjkthejkbloodjkvolumejkoutjkintojkthejksy
stemicjkcirculation.jkIfjkyoujkthinkjkaboutjkthejkballoonjkanalogy,jkafterloadjkisjk
Compression/jkVentilationjkratiojkforjkonejkrescuer?jkTwo?jk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔1jkrescuerjk=jk30:2jk
2jkrescuersjk=jk30:2
Pediatricjk2jkrescuerjkisjk15:2jkbutjkotherwisejkstaysjkthejksame
WhatjkisjkthejkproperjkcompressionjkratejkinjkCPR?jk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔100-120jkperjkminute
Compressionjkratejkfor:jkAdults
Children?jk
Infants:jk-jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔Adults:jk2jkinches
Children:jk1/3jkdepthjkofjkchestjkorjk2jkin
Infants:jk1.5jkinches
Whatjkarejk2jkrhythmsjkarejkconsideredjk"shockable"jkrhythms?jk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔Ventricular jkFibrilation
PulselessjkVentricularjkTachycardia
Usejkthejkfollowingjktermsjktojkdescribejkthejkflowjkofjkbloodjkthroughoutjkthejk
body:
Atrium,jkVentricle,jkarteries,jkveins,jkaorta,jkpulmonaryjkartery,jkpulmonaryjk
vein,jkcapillaries,jkvenajkcava,jkarterioles.jk-
, CORRECTjkANSWER✔1.jkDeoxygenatedjkbloodjktravelsjkthroughjkthejks
jk
uperiorjkandjkinferiorjkvenajkcavajktojkthejkrightjkatrium
2.jkThejkbloodjkisjkpumpedjkbyjkthejkrightjkventriclejktojkthejkpulmonaryjkarteryjk
tojkthejklungs.jkThisjkisjkwherejkthejkbloodjkisjkoxygenatedjkbeforejkbeingjksentjk
backjkthroughjkpulmonaryjkveinsjktojkthejkleftjkatrium.jk
3.jkBloodjkflowsjkintojkthejkleftjkventricle,jkwhichjkisjkresponsiblejkforjkpumpin
gjkbloodjkintojkthejkaortajkandjkoutjkthroughjkarteriesjktojkthejkbody.jk
4.jkArteriesjkbranchjkoffjkintojkarterioles,jkthenjktojkcapillaries,jkwhichjkisjkwher
ejknutrientjkexchangejkoccursjkwithjkcells.
5.jkLast,jkbloodjkflowsjkbackjkintojkthejkveins,jkintojkthejksuperiorjkandjkinferiorjk
venajkcavajkbeforejkreturningjktojkthejkheart.
Whatjkarejktwojkimportantjkrolesjkofjkredjkbloodjkcells?jk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔Transportjkoxygenjktojkthejkcells
Transportjkcarbonjkdioxidejktojkthejklungs
7jksignsjkofjkcardiacjkcomporomisejk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔1.jkabnormaljkbloodjkpressure
2.jkpain,jkpressure,jkorjkdiscomfortjkinjkthejkchestjkorjkabdomen
3.jkshortnessjkofjkbreath
4.jkpalpitations
5.jkanxietyjkorjkirritability
6.jkabnormaljkpulse
7.jkSuddenjkonsetjkofjknauseajkorjkvomiting
, Youjkauscultatejkyourjkpatient'sjklungsjkandjkfindjkcracklesjkwithjkdifficultyjkbr
eathing.jkWhichjksidejkofjkthejkheartjkisjkaffectedjkandjkwhy?jk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔Shortnessjkofjkbreathjkwithjkcracklesjkinjkthejklung
sjkisjkindicativejkofjkleft-
sidedjkheartjkfailure.jkFailurejkofjkthejkleftjkventriclejktojkpumpjkbloodjkeffectiv
elyjkcausesjkbloodjktojkbejkbackedjkupjktojkintojkthejklungsjk(congested)
Right-
sidedjkheartjkfailurejkcausesjkbloodjktojkbackupjkintojkbody,jkcausingjkpittingjke
demajkthroughoutjkthejkbody.jkWhat'sjkthejkcausejkandjknamejkofjkthisjkconditio
n?jk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔CorjkPulmonale.jkThejkusualjkcausejkisjkpulmonar
yjkdisease,jksuchjkasjkpulmonaryjkhypertensionjkorjkpulmonaryjkstenosisjk(obst
ructionjkinjkthejkP.A)
Preloadjk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔Preload,jkalsojkknownjkasjkthejkleftjkventricular jke
nd-
diastolicjkpressurejk(LVEDP),jkisjkthejkamountjkofjkventricularjkstretchjkatjkthej
kendjkofjkdiastole.jkThinkjkofjkitjkasjkthejkheartjkloadingjkupjkforjkthejknextjkbigjksq
ueezejkofjkthejkventriclesjkduringjksystole.jkSomejkpeoplejkrememberjkthisjkbyjk
usingjkanjkanalogyjkofjkajkballoonjk-
jkblowjkairjkintojkthejkballoonjkandjkitjkstretches;jkthejkmorejkairjkyoujkblowjkin,jkt
hejkgreaterjkthejkstretch
Afterloadjk-
jkCORRECTjkANSWER✔Afterload,jkalsojkknownjkasjkthejksystemic jkvascu
larjkresistancejk(SVR),jkisjkthejkamountjkofjkresistancejkthejkheartjkmustjkoverco
mejktojkopenjkthejkaorticjkvalvejkandjkpushjkthejkbloodjkvolumejkoutjkintojkthejksy
stemicjkcirculation.jkIfjkyoujkthinkjkaboutjkthejkballoonjkanalogy,jkafterloadjkisjk
