Test Bank for Cognition | Verified
Questions and Answers | Graded A+
• cognition . Answer: mental processes that we use to acquire, retain,
and use knowledge
• memory . Answer: process of forming, storing, and recalling
information
• memory encoding . Answer: the first step in creating a memory
• memory storage . Answer: process that allows us to save information
for later use
• memory retrieval . Answer: process of recalling information
• forgetting . Answer: failure to recall information stored in memory
• memory errors . Answer: mistakes and distortions in the recalling of
stored information
• elaboration . Answer: processing information with intention, deep
thinking, examples, and connecting it to things in your own life
• plasticity . Answer: flexibility the brain has to change both its structure
and function in response to the environment
• memory disorders . Answer: conditions that indicate complex problems
with memory
• language . Answer: a system of communication that uses rules to
combine arbitrary symbols to create an infinite number of meaningful
statements
, • communication . Answer: methods of conveying information
• categorization . Answer: ability to organize or group similar
information together
• problem solving . Answer: ability to reach a goal that is not readily
evident - includes approaches, tools, and mistakes we make in the
process
• decision making . Answer: process of reaching a decision or choosing
between two or more alternatives
• biases . Answer: preconceived notions that can influence making
decisions
• thinking . Answer: the mental manipulation of information to organize
information, solve problems, reason about things, make decisions, and
communicate
• information processing model . Answer: model that views memory as a
computer-like system that encodes, stores, and retrieves information
• sensory memory . Answer: stage of memory where a sensory stimulus
is captured very briefly, after which it disappears or passes on to short-
term memory
• attention . Answer: focusing on specific stimuli or things in our
environment
• short-term memory . Answer: temporarily holds information for 20-30
seconds
• working memory . Answer: temporary holding place that allows us to
manipulate information
Questions and Answers | Graded A+
• cognition . Answer: mental processes that we use to acquire, retain,
and use knowledge
• memory . Answer: process of forming, storing, and recalling
information
• memory encoding . Answer: the first step in creating a memory
• memory storage . Answer: process that allows us to save information
for later use
• memory retrieval . Answer: process of recalling information
• forgetting . Answer: failure to recall information stored in memory
• memory errors . Answer: mistakes and distortions in the recalling of
stored information
• elaboration . Answer: processing information with intention, deep
thinking, examples, and connecting it to things in your own life
• plasticity . Answer: flexibility the brain has to change both its structure
and function in response to the environment
• memory disorders . Answer: conditions that indicate complex problems
with memory
• language . Answer: a system of communication that uses rules to
combine arbitrary symbols to create an infinite number of meaningful
statements
, • communication . Answer: methods of conveying information
• categorization . Answer: ability to organize or group similar
information together
• problem solving . Answer: ability to reach a goal that is not readily
evident - includes approaches, tools, and mistakes we make in the
process
• decision making . Answer: process of reaching a decision or choosing
between two or more alternatives
• biases . Answer: preconceived notions that can influence making
decisions
• thinking . Answer: the mental manipulation of information to organize
information, solve problems, reason about things, make decisions, and
communicate
• information processing model . Answer: model that views memory as a
computer-like system that encodes, stores, and retrieves information
• sensory memory . Answer: stage of memory where a sensory stimulus
is captured very briefly, after which it disappears or passes on to short-
term memory
• attention . Answer: focusing on specific stimuli or things in our
environment
• short-term memory . Answer: temporarily holds information for 20-30
seconds
• working memory . Answer: temporary holding place that allows us to
manipulate information
