Solution Manual for Statistics for Nursing Research 3rd Edition Grove – Complete Workbook Solutions PDF

Solution Manual for M M




Statistics for Nursing RM M M




esearch A Workbookf
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or Evidence-
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Based Practice 3rd Edit
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ion Susan Grove Daish
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a

,Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Graded
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EXERCISE
Identifying Levels of M M M



1
M

Measurement: Nominal, O M M


rdinal, Interval, and Ratio
M M M




TheMquestionsMareMinMboldMfollowedMbyManswers.

1. InMTableM1,MidentifyMtheMlevelMofMmeasurementMforMtheMcurrentMtherapyMvariable.M
ProvideMaMrationaleMforMyourManswer.
Answer:MTheMcurrentMtherapyMvariableMwasMmeasuredMatMtheMnominalMlevel.MTheseMdrug
Mcategories MwereMprobablyMdevelopedMtoMbe Mexhaustive MforMthisMstudyMandMincludedMtheM
categoriesMofMdrugsMtheMsubjectsMwereMreceiving.MHowever,MtheMcategoriesMareMnotMexclusi
ve,MsinceMpatientsMareMusuallyMonMmoreMthanMoneMcategoryMofMtheseMdrugsMtoMmanageMth
eirMhealthMproblems.MTheMcurrentMtherapiesMareMnotMmeasuredMatMtheMordinalMlevelMbecaus
eMtheyMcannotMbeMrankMordered,MsinceMnoMdrugMcategoryMcanMbeMconsideredMmoreMorMless
MbeneficialMthanManother MdrugMcategoryM(seeMFigureM1-1;MGroveM& MGray,M2019).


2. WhatM isM theM modeM forM theM currentM therapyM variableM inM thisM study?M ProvideM aM r
ationaleM forMyourManswer.
Answer:M TheM modeM forM currentM therapyM wasM βMblocker.M AM totalM ofM 100M (94%)M ofM theM cardiacM pa
tients
wereM receivingM thisM categoryM ofM drug,M whichM wasM theM mostM commonM prescribedM dru
gM forM thisMsample.

3. WhatMstatisticsMwereMconductedMtoMdescribeMtheMBMIMofMtheMcardiacMpatientsMinMt
hisMsample?MDiscussMwhetherMtheseManalysisMtechniquesMwereMappropriateMorMinappr
opriate.
Answer:M BMIM wasM describedM withM aM meanM andM standardM deviationM (SD).M BMIM measurement
M resultedMinMratio-
levelMdataMwithMcontinuousMvaluesMandManMabsoluteMzeroM(StoneM&MFrazier,M2017).MRatio
-
MlevelMdataMshould Mbe ManalyzedMwithMparametricMstatistics Msuch MasMtheMmeanMand MSDM(Gr
oveM&MGray,M2017;MKnapp,M2017).

4. ResearchersMusedMtheMfollowingMitemMtoMmeasureMregisteredMnurses’M(RNs)MincomeMi
nMaMstudy:MWhatMcategoryMidentifiesMyourMcurrentMincomeMasManMRN?
a.M LessMthanM$50,000
b.M $50,000MtoM59,999
c.M $60,000MtoM69,999
d.M $70,000MtoM80,000
e.M $80,000MorMgreater

WhatM levelM ofM measurementM isM thisM incomeM variable?M DoesM theM incomeM variableM f
ollowM theMrulesMoutlinedMinMFigureM1-1?MProvideMaMrationaleMforMyourManswer.
Answer:M InM thisM example,M theM incomeM variableMisMmeasuredM atMtheM ordinalMlevel.MTheM inco
meM catego-
MriesMareMexhaustive, MrangingMfrom MlessMthanM$50,000MtoMgreater MthanM$80,000. MTheMtwo
Mopen-ended

,AGM1-1

, AGM1-2 AnswerM GuidelinesM forM QuestionsM toM BeM Graded


categoriesMensureMthatMallMsalaryMlevelsMareMcovered.MTheMcategoriesMareMnotMexclusive,Msin
ceMcatego-
MriesM(d)MandM(e)MincludeManM$80,000Msalary, Mso MstudyMparticipantsMmakingM$80,000Mmig
htMmarkMeitherM (d)M orM (e)M orM bothM categories,M resultingM inM erroneousM data.M CategoryM (e
)M couldM beM changedMtoMgreaterMthanM$80,000,MmakingMtheMcategoriesMexclusive.MTheMcate
goriesMcanMbeMrankMorderedMfromMtheMlowestMsalaryMtoMtheMhighestMsalary,MwhichMisMcon
sistentMwithMordinalMdataM(GroveM&MGray,M2019;MWaltzMetMal.,M2017).

5. WhatMlevelMofMmeasurementMisMtheMCDSMscore?MProvideMaMrationaleMforMyourManswer.
Answer:MTheMCDSMscoreMisMatMtheMintervalMlevelMofMmeasurement.MTheMCDSMisMaM26-
itemMLikertMscaleMdevelopedMtoMmeasureMdepressionMinMcardiacMpatients.MStudyMparticipan
tsMratedMtheirMsymp-
MtomsMonMaMscaleMofM1 MtoM7,MwithMhigher MnumbersMindicatingMincreasedMseverityMinMthe
MdepressionMsymptoms. MTheMtotalMscoresMforMeachMsubjectMobtainedMfrom MthisMmulti-
itemMscaleMareMconsideredMtoMbeMatMtheMintervalMlevelMofMmeasurementM(GrayMetMal.,M201
7;MWaltzMetMal.,M2017).

6. WereMnonparametricMorMparametricManalysisMtechniquesMusedMtoManalyzeMtheMCDSM
scoresMforMtheMcardiacMpatientsMinMthisMstudy?MProvideMaMrationaleMforMyourManswer
.
Answer:MParametricMstatistics,MsuchMasM meanM andM SD,M wereM conductedM toM describeM CDS
M scoresMforMstudyMparticipantsM(seeMTableM1).MCDSMscoresMareMinterval-
levelMdataMasMindicatedMinMQuestionsM5,MsoMparametricMstatisticsMareMappropriateMforMthisMleve
lMofMdataM(GrayMetMal.,M2017;MKimM&MMallory,M2017).

7. IsMtheMprevalenceMofMdepressionMlinkedMtoMtheMNYHAMclass?MDiscussMtheMclinicalMi
mportanceMofMthisMresult.
Answer:MTheMstudyMnarrativeMindicatedMthatMtheMprevalenceMofMdepressionMincreasedMwith
MtheMgreater MNYHAMclass. MInMNYHAMclass MIII,M64%MofMtheMsubjectsMwereMdepressed, Mwh
ereasM11%MofMtheMsubjectsMwereMdepressedMinMNYHAMclassMI.MThus,MasMtheMNYHAMclassMin
creased,MtheMnumberMofMsub-
MjectsMwithMdepressionMincreased.MThisMisManMexpectedMfindingMbecauseMasMtheMNYHAMclass
Mincreases,McardiacMpatientsMhaveMmoreMsevereMphysicalMsymptoms, MwhichMusuallyMresultMi
nMemotionalMdistress,MsuchM asM depression.M NursesM needM toM activelyM assessM cardiacM patients
M forM depression,M especiallyM thoseMinMhigher MNYHAMclasses, MsoMtheyMmightMbeMdiagnosedM
andMtreatedMasMneeded.

8. WhatMfrequencyMandMpercentMofMcardiacMpatientsMinMthisMstudyMwereMnotMbeingMtr
eatedMwithManMantidepressant?MShowMyourMcalculationsMandMroundMyourManswerMto
MtheM nearestM wholeM percentM(%).
Answer:MAMtotalMMofMM106MMcardiacMMpatientsMMparticipatedMMinMMthisMMstudy.MMTheMMs
ampleMMincludedM15MpatientsMwhoMwereMreceivingManMantidepressantM(seeMTableM1).MThe
MMnumber MMofMMcardiacMpatientsM notM treatedM for M depressionM wasM 91 M (106M –
M 15M =M91).M TheM groupM percentM isM calculatedMbyM theM following M formula:M (groupM freq
uencyM ÷M totalM sampleM size)M ×M 100%.M ForM thisM study,M(91MpatientsM÷M106MsampleMsi
ze)M×M100%M=M0.858M×M100%M=M85.8%M=M86%.MTheMMfinalManswerM isM roundedM toM
theM nearestM wholeM percentM asM directedM inM theM question.M YouM couldM haveMalsoMsubtract
edMtheM14%MofMpatientsMtreatedMwithMantidepressantsMfromM100%MandMobtainedMtheM86%
M whoM wereM notM treatedM withM anM antidepressant.


9. WhatMwasMtheMpurposeMofMtheM6-
minuteMwalkMtestM(6MWT)?MWouldMtheM6MWTMbeMusefulMinMclinicalMpractice?
Answer:MHaMetMal.M(2018)Mstated,M“TheM6-
minMwalkMtestM(6MWT)MisMaMmeasureMofMtheMsubmaximal,Msteady-
stateMfunctionalMcapacity”MofMcardiacMpatients.MThisMtestMwouldMbeMaMquick,MeasyMwayMt
oMdetermineMaMcardiacMpatient’sMfunctionalMstatusMinMaMclinicalMMsetting.MMThisMMfunction