NR228 EXAMINATION 2026 VERIFIED
SOLUTION COMPENDIUM
◉Adolescence: 13-19 years old diet. Answer: - iron, fiber, calcium,
protein, and vitamins are important nutrients to consume
-Calcium intake = 1300 mg daily (3 to 4 servings of dairy products)
-Adolescents reach maximum bone density levels during this time
-Foods high in CA: milk, sardines, cheese, yogurt
◉Adulthood diet. Answer: -important to exercise and eat a balanced
diet to avoid cardiovascular diseases
-calcium is an important vitamin to consume due to bone health
◉Older adult diet concerns. Answer: -arthritis is the most common
factor of prevention of eating well
-decrease in calorie needs
-decrease in nutrient absorption(vitamin B12, B9 (folic acid), and
calcium)
-decrease in mass and tone
-oral problems caused by dentures
-medical conditions
,◉Nutritional Guidelines for balanced diet (eldery). Answer: -40-
55% carbohydrates
-10-20% fat
-consume whole grains such as brown rice, oat meal, and whole
wheat bread
-avoid added sugars especially in fruits
-avoid coconut oil due to high in sat. fat
◉Elderly Population prevention. Answer: -exercise and strength
training
-increase water intake for hydration
-weight bearing exercises, increase sun exposure, and consumption
of vitamin D reduces risk for osteoporosis
◉Primary nutritional deficiency. Answer: inadequate intake of
nutrients
◉secondary nutritional deficiency. Answer: caused by illness,
disease, and iatrogenic (ex: patient is NPO for procedure and it's
causing nutritional deficiency)
◉Malnutrition side effects. Answer: - weight loss
-dry skin
-brittle, thin hair
, -loss of muscle mass
-brittle nails
-weakness
-bone and joint pain
-fatigue
◉Nutrition Assessment Tools. Answer: -ht/wt
-bi/triceps skin fold measurements
◉Calculate % of wt change overtime:
Usual wt - present wt / usual wt X 100. Answer: - 1-2% in 1 week =
moderate wt loss
- >2% in 1 week = severe wt loss
- 5 in 1 month = moderate wt loss
- >5 in 1 month = severe wt loss
◉Normal BMI. Answer: 18.5-24.9
◉Overweight BMI. Answer: 25-29.9
◉Obese BMI. Answer: 30-39.9
SOLUTION COMPENDIUM
◉Adolescence: 13-19 years old diet. Answer: - iron, fiber, calcium,
protein, and vitamins are important nutrients to consume
-Calcium intake = 1300 mg daily (3 to 4 servings of dairy products)
-Adolescents reach maximum bone density levels during this time
-Foods high in CA: milk, sardines, cheese, yogurt
◉Adulthood diet. Answer: -important to exercise and eat a balanced
diet to avoid cardiovascular diseases
-calcium is an important vitamin to consume due to bone health
◉Older adult diet concerns. Answer: -arthritis is the most common
factor of prevention of eating well
-decrease in calorie needs
-decrease in nutrient absorption(vitamin B12, B9 (folic acid), and
calcium)
-decrease in mass and tone
-oral problems caused by dentures
-medical conditions
,◉Nutritional Guidelines for balanced diet (eldery). Answer: -40-
55% carbohydrates
-10-20% fat
-consume whole grains such as brown rice, oat meal, and whole
wheat bread
-avoid added sugars especially in fruits
-avoid coconut oil due to high in sat. fat
◉Elderly Population prevention. Answer: -exercise and strength
training
-increase water intake for hydration
-weight bearing exercises, increase sun exposure, and consumption
of vitamin D reduces risk for osteoporosis
◉Primary nutritional deficiency. Answer: inadequate intake of
nutrients
◉secondary nutritional deficiency. Answer: caused by illness,
disease, and iatrogenic (ex: patient is NPO for procedure and it's
causing nutritional deficiency)
◉Malnutrition side effects. Answer: - weight loss
-dry skin
-brittle, thin hair
, -loss of muscle mass
-brittle nails
-weakness
-bone and joint pain
-fatigue
◉Nutrition Assessment Tools. Answer: -ht/wt
-bi/triceps skin fold measurements
◉Calculate % of wt change overtime:
Usual wt - present wt / usual wt X 100. Answer: - 1-2% in 1 week =
moderate wt loss
- >2% in 1 week = severe wt loss
- 5 in 1 month = moderate wt loss
- >5 in 1 month = severe wt loss
◉Normal BMI. Answer: 18.5-24.9
◉Overweight BMI. Answer: 25-29.9
◉Obese BMI. Answer: 30-39.9
