NR 668 PSYCHIATRIC-MENTAL HEALTH
CAPSTONE PRACTICUM AND INTENSIVE FINAL
EXAM 2026 WEEKS 5-8 COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE SOLVED QUESTION SET
◉ IBS-C Answer: Constipation-predominant subtype of Irritable Bowel
Syndrome.
◉ IBS-D Answer: Diarrhea-predominant subtype of Irritable Bowel
Syndrome.
◉ IBS-M Answer: Mixed subtype of Irritable Bowel Syndrome,
characterized by alternating symptoms.
◉ Clinical Presentation of IBS Answer: Recurrent abdominal pain
(relieved with defecation), bloating, distention, altered stool
form/frequency, mucus in stool, no weight loss, bleeding, or systemic
signs.
◉ Management of IBS Answer: Avoid triggers (lactose, caffeine,
FODMAPs), gradual fiber increase, stress management, regular meals,
hydration, and medications such as antispasmodics.
◉ Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Answer: Inflammatory bowel disease
affecting the colon only, characterized by mucosal layer inflammation.
,◉ Crohn's Disease (CD) Answer: Inflammatory bowel disease that can
affect any part of the GI tract, characterized by transmural inflammation
and patchy 'skip' lesions.
◉ Symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis Answer: Bloody diarrhea, urgency,
abdominal pain.
◉ Symptoms of Crohn's Disease Answer: Diarrhea, weight loss,
malnutrition.
◉ Complications of Ulcerative Colitis Answer: Toxic megacolon, colon
cancer.
◉ Complications of Crohn's Disease Answer: Fistulas, strictures,
malabsorption.
◉ Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Answer: Malignant growth in colon or
rectum from adenomatous polyps.
◉ Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer Answer: Rectal bleeding, iron-
deficiency anemia, weight loss, change in bowel habits, abdominal
discomfort.
, ◉ Colonoscopy Answer: Gold standard diagnostic tool for colorectal
cancer.
◉ Colorectal Cancer Screening Recommendations Answer:
Colonoscopy every 10 years starting at age 45 for average risk; every 5
years starting before 45 for higher risk.
◉ GERD Differential Diagnoses Answer: Peptic ulcer disease,
esophageal motility disorder, esophageal cancer, nonulcer dyspepsia,
cardiac issues, eosinophilic esophagitis, hiatal hernia.
◉ Pharmacologic Management of GERD Answer: Antacids, H2
blockers, PPIs; avoid long-term use due to risks.
◉ Common Differentials for Nausea and Vomiting Answer:
Gastroenteritis, obstruction, appendicitis, migraine, increased ICP,
medications, pregnancy, alcohol use, metabolic disorders.
◉ Common Differentials for Diarrhea Answer: Acute infectious causes
or chronic conditions like IBD, IBS, celiac disease, medication-induced.
◉ Gastroenteritis Answer: Inflammation of stomach/intestines causing
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain.
◉ Contaminated food/water Answer: Risk factor for infections.
CAPSTONE PRACTICUM AND INTENSIVE FINAL
EXAM 2026 WEEKS 5-8 COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE SOLVED QUESTION SET
◉ IBS-C Answer: Constipation-predominant subtype of Irritable Bowel
Syndrome.
◉ IBS-D Answer: Diarrhea-predominant subtype of Irritable Bowel
Syndrome.
◉ IBS-M Answer: Mixed subtype of Irritable Bowel Syndrome,
characterized by alternating symptoms.
◉ Clinical Presentation of IBS Answer: Recurrent abdominal pain
(relieved with defecation), bloating, distention, altered stool
form/frequency, mucus in stool, no weight loss, bleeding, or systemic
signs.
◉ Management of IBS Answer: Avoid triggers (lactose, caffeine,
FODMAPs), gradual fiber increase, stress management, regular meals,
hydration, and medications such as antispasmodics.
◉ Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Answer: Inflammatory bowel disease
affecting the colon only, characterized by mucosal layer inflammation.
,◉ Crohn's Disease (CD) Answer: Inflammatory bowel disease that can
affect any part of the GI tract, characterized by transmural inflammation
and patchy 'skip' lesions.
◉ Symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis Answer: Bloody diarrhea, urgency,
abdominal pain.
◉ Symptoms of Crohn's Disease Answer: Diarrhea, weight loss,
malnutrition.
◉ Complications of Ulcerative Colitis Answer: Toxic megacolon, colon
cancer.
◉ Complications of Crohn's Disease Answer: Fistulas, strictures,
malabsorption.
◉ Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Answer: Malignant growth in colon or
rectum from adenomatous polyps.
◉ Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer Answer: Rectal bleeding, iron-
deficiency anemia, weight loss, change in bowel habits, abdominal
discomfort.
, ◉ Colonoscopy Answer: Gold standard diagnostic tool for colorectal
cancer.
◉ Colorectal Cancer Screening Recommendations Answer:
Colonoscopy every 10 years starting at age 45 for average risk; every 5
years starting before 45 for higher risk.
◉ GERD Differential Diagnoses Answer: Peptic ulcer disease,
esophageal motility disorder, esophageal cancer, nonulcer dyspepsia,
cardiac issues, eosinophilic esophagitis, hiatal hernia.
◉ Pharmacologic Management of GERD Answer: Antacids, H2
blockers, PPIs; avoid long-term use due to risks.
◉ Common Differentials for Nausea and Vomiting Answer:
Gastroenteritis, obstruction, appendicitis, migraine, increased ICP,
medications, pregnancy, alcohol use, metabolic disorders.
◉ Common Differentials for Diarrhea Answer: Acute infectious causes
or chronic conditions like IBD, IBS, celiac disease, medication-induced.
◉ Gastroenteritis Answer: Inflammation of stomach/intestines causing
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain.
◉ Contaminated food/water Answer: Risk factor for infections.
