AACN PCCN Exam Review: Multisystem
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hlq74h
1. Normal inflammatory response: vasodilatation, increased microvascular permeability, cellular acti-
vation and release of mediators, and coagulation
2. Define sepsis: systemic response to infection, manifested by two or more conditions resulting from infection
(temp >38C, HR >90 bpm, RR >20 bpm, PaCO2 <32 mmHg, WBC >12, <4)
3. Define septic shock: sepsis with hypotension, despite adequate fluid resuscitation, along with presence of
perfusion abnormalities including lactic acidosis, oliguria, acute AMS
4. Risk factors for sepsis: malnutrition, immunosuppression, prolonged antibiotic use, invasive devices
5. Define MODS: multiple organ dysfunction, worsening progression of systemic inflammatory response (SIRS)
involving signs of organ dysfunction
6. Management of sepsis: treat cause (antibiotics), maximize oxygen, maximize CO (difficult bc pathological
problem of SIRS is increased permeability of capillary bed - liberal fluid admin), decrease oxygen demand (reduce
tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperthermia, pain, prevent shivering, comfort measures)
7. What is NOT an accurate measurement of adequate perfusion: BLOOD PRESSURE,
adequate pressure does not always equal adequate perfusion
8. Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal: insomnia, tremors, anxiety, GI upset, HA, sweating, palpitations,
hallucinations, seizures, fever, agitation
9. How is isopropyl alcohol intoxication distinguished from other types of alco-
hol intoxication: presence of ketoacids in urine and serum
10. Which imbalance is seen in methanol intoxication and relieved by hyperven-
tilation: metabolic acidosis (decreased bicarbonate level)
11. Which alcohol intoxication affects renal tubular degeneration: ethylene glycol
intoxication
12. Which vitamins are most important in alcohol withdrawal: thiamine, folate (banana
bag of B vitamins)
13. Signs and symptoms applicable to majority of drug overdose: decreased LOC,
behavioral changes, respiratory depression
14. Antidote for acetaminophen: N-acetylcysteine
15. Antidote for opiates: naloxone
16. Antidote for benzodiazepines: flumazenil (avoid if potential for seizure)
17. Antidote for digoxin: digiband
18. Antidote for cyanide: kelocyanor
19. Antidote for tricyclic antidepressants: sodium bicarbonate
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Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hlq74h
1. Normal inflammatory response: vasodilatation, increased microvascular permeability, cellular acti-
vation and release of mediators, and coagulation
2. Define sepsis: systemic response to infection, manifested by two or more conditions resulting from infection
(temp >38C, HR >90 bpm, RR >20 bpm, PaCO2 <32 mmHg, WBC >12, <4)
3. Define septic shock: sepsis with hypotension, despite adequate fluid resuscitation, along with presence of
perfusion abnormalities including lactic acidosis, oliguria, acute AMS
4. Risk factors for sepsis: malnutrition, immunosuppression, prolonged antibiotic use, invasive devices
5. Define MODS: multiple organ dysfunction, worsening progression of systemic inflammatory response (SIRS)
involving signs of organ dysfunction
6. Management of sepsis: treat cause (antibiotics), maximize oxygen, maximize CO (difficult bc pathological
problem of SIRS is increased permeability of capillary bed - liberal fluid admin), decrease oxygen demand (reduce
tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperthermia, pain, prevent shivering, comfort measures)
7. What is NOT an accurate measurement of adequate perfusion: BLOOD PRESSURE,
adequate pressure does not always equal adequate perfusion
8. Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal: insomnia, tremors, anxiety, GI upset, HA, sweating, palpitations,
hallucinations, seizures, fever, agitation
9. How is isopropyl alcohol intoxication distinguished from other types of alco-
hol intoxication: presence of ketoacids in urine and serum
10. Which imbalance is seen in methanol intoxication and relieved by hyperven-
tilation: metabolic acidosis (decreased bicarbonate level)
11. Which alcohol intoxication affects renal tubular degeneration: ethylene glycol
intoxication
12. Which vitamins are most important in alcohol withdrawal: thiamine, folate (banana
bag of B vitamins)
13. Signs and symptoms applicable to majority of drug overdose: decreased LOC,
behavioral changes, respiratory depression
14. Antidote for acetaminophen: N-acetylcysteine
15. Antidote for opiates: naloxone
16. Antidote for benzodiazepines: flumazenil (avoid if potential for seizure)
17. Antidote for digoxin: digiband
18. Antidote for cyanide: kelocyanor
19. Antidote for tricyclic antidepressants: sodium bicarbonate
1/3
