Module #2 Exam Questions and
Answers Updated 2026
2MtypesMofMsmallMRNAMmoleculesMinvolvedMinMgeneMregulation?M-
MAnswerMsiRNAsMandMmiRNAs
AnMorganismMhasMaMAM+MTMcontentMofM64%.MWhatMisMtheMpercentageMforMC?M-
MAnswerM18
AnMorganismMhasMaMTMcontentMofM22%.MWhatMisMtheMpercentageMforMC?M-
MAnswerM28
ThisMenzymeMlinksMtwoMseparateMlengthsMofMnucleicMacidMbyMcreatingMaMphosphodiest
erMbondMbetweenMthem.M-MAnswerMDNAMligase
"5'...GGAGCUCGUUGUAUU...3'
IsMthisMsequenceMRNAMorMDNA?MHowMcanMyouMtell?"M-
MAnswerMRNAMbecauseMDNAMdoesMnotMcontainMuracil
Meselson-
StahlMExperiment,MwhatMhypotheticalMformMofMDNAMreplicationMresultsMinMtheMsameMD
NAMdensityMdistributionMasMtheMsemiconservativeMmethodMafterMtheMfirstMcellMdivision,
MbutMwasMnotMsupportedMuponMtheMsecondMcellMdivision?M-
MAnswerMDispersiveMreplication
TheMbondsMthatMconnectMnucleotidesMinMaMstrandMareMcallM_________Mbonds.M-
MAnswerMPhosphodiester
CanMRNAMactMasMgeneticMmaterial,MifMsoMnameMoneMexMofManMorganismsM-
MAnswerMYes,Mretrovirus
TypeMtheMcomplementaryMstrandMtoMtheMfollowingMsingle-strandedMDNA.
M5'M-MATAGCATGGGCCATACGATTACTGAM-M3'M-
MAnswerM3'MTATCGTACCCGGTATGCTAATGACTM5'
,ThisMorganicMsubunitMisMtheMmonomerMfromMwhichMnucleicMacidMisMformedM-
MAnswerMNucleotide,MperMEA
HersheyMandMchaseMlabeledMDNAMusingMthisMradioactiveMatom.M-MAnswerMPhosphorus
InMEukaryoticMreplicationMthereMisMaMfundamentalMlevelMofMcomplexityMbecauseMofMwh
atMproteins?M-MAnswerMHistoneMproteins
ThisMGreekMletterMdescribesMtheMshapeMofMaMbacterialMchromosomeMmid-
wayMthroughMreplication.M-MAnswerMTheta
TheMnitrogenousMbaseMofMaMnucleotideMmayMbeMofMtwoMtypesM-
MaMpurineMorMaMpyrimidine.M
Adenine________
Uracil________
GuanineM_____________
Thymine____________
Cytosine__________M-MAnswerMPurineM
PyrmidineM
PurineM
Pyrmidine
Pyrmidine
UracilMcontains________asMsugar.M-MAnswerMRibose
ThisMtermMdescribesMtheMsequenceMofMnucleotidesMwhichMdirectMtheMformationMofMaM
newMnucleicMacidMstrand.M-MAnswerMParentMstrandMperMEA
WriteMtheManticodon,MwithMcorrectMpolarity,MofMallMtRNAsMthatMwillMbindMtoMtheMmR
NAMcodonM5'MUCGM3',MconsideringMwobble-baseMpairingMrules.M-
MAnswerM3'MACGM5'M(exact)M
WobbeMcodons:M3'MACCM5',M3'MACUM5',M3'MACAM5'
, ThisMnewMstrandMofMDNAMhasMitsM3'MendMorientedMinMtheMoppositeMdirectionMasMth
atMinMwhichMtheMreplicationMforkMtravels.M-MAnswerMLaggingMstrand
ThisMnewMstrandMofMDNAMhasMitsM3'MendMorientedMinMtheMsameMdirectionMasMtheMr
eplicationMforkMtravels.M-MAnswerMLeadingMstrand
TheMconceptMthatMgeneticMinformationMpassesMfromMDNAMtoMRNAMtoMproteinMisMcalle
dM-MAnswerMTheMcentralMdogma
WhileMactuallyMaMformMofMRNAMpolymerase,MthisMenzymeMlaysMdownMtheMinitialMnucle
otidesMtoMsetMupMaMconditionMwhereMDNAMpolymeraseMcanMthenMtakeMoverMforMrepli
cation.M-MAnswerMPrimase
RNAMpolymeraseMmustMbindMtoMaMregionMofMDNAMcalledMa(n)M__________MinMorderM
toMbeginMtranscription.M-MAnswerMPromoter
ListM3MrequirementsMofManyMsubstanceMthatMbeMaM"geneticMmaterial"M-
MAnswerMReplicationM
StorageM
Expression
ThisMmethodMofMreplicationMpreservesMtheMcovalentMlinksMonMoneMstrandMofMDNAMbut
MallowsMpermanentMseparationMofMtheM"parental"MdoubleMhelixMtoMformMtwoMtemplate
s.M-MAnswerMSemiconservativeMreplication
WhatMisMsemiconservativeMreplicationM?M-
MAnswerMEachMofMtheMparentMnucleotideMstrandsMremainsMintactM(conserved),MbutMthe
yMareMnowMboundMtoMnewMnucleotideMstrandsMinsteadMofMeachMother.
InMtranscription,MnucleotidesMareMalwaysMaddedMtoMtheM_____endMofMtheMelongatingMs
trand.M-MAnswerM3'
WhereasMtheMnucleotideMstrandMusedMforMtranscriptionMisMtermedMthe____________Mth
eMnontranscribedMstrandMisMcalledMtheM_____________M.M-MAnswerMTemplateMstrandM
NontemplateMstrand
Answers Updated 2026
2MtypesMofMsmallMRNAMmoleculesMinvolvedMinMgeneMregulation?M-
MAnswerMsiRNAsMandMmiRNAs
AnMorganismMhasMaMAM+MTMcontentMofM64%.MWhatMisMtheMpercentageMforMC?M-
MAnswerM18
AnMorganismMhasMaMTMcontentMofM22%.MWhatMisMtheMpercentageMforMC?M-
MAnswerM28
ThisMenzymeMlinksMtwoMseparateMlengthsMofMnucleicMacidMbyMcreatingMaMphosphodiest
erMbondMbetweenMthem.M-MAnswerMDNAMligase
"5'...GGAGCUCGUUGUAUU...3'
IsMthisMsequenceMRNAMorMDNA?MHowMcanMyouMtell?"M-
MAnswerMRNAMbecauseMDNAMdoesMnotMcontainMuracil
Meselson-
StahlMExperiment,MwhatMhypotheticalMformMofMDNAMreplicationMresultsMinMtheMsameMD
NAMdensityMdistributionMasMtheMsemiconservativeMmethodMafterMtheMfirstMcellMdivision,
MbutMwasMnotMsupportedMuponMtheMsecondMcellMdivision?M-
MAnswerMDispersiveMreplication
TheMbondsMthatMconnectMnucleotidesMinMaMstrandMareMcallM_________Mbonds.M-
MAnswerMPhosphodiester
CanMRNAMactMasMgeneticMmaterial,MifMsoMnameMoneMexMofManMorganismsM-
MAnswerMYes,Mretrovirus
TypeMtheMcomplementaryMstrandMtoMtheMfollowingMsingle-strandedMDNA.
M5'M-MATAGCATGGGCCATACGATTACTGAM-M3'M-
MAnswerM3'MTATCGTACCCGGTATGCTAATGACTM5'
,ThisMorganicMsubunitMisMtheMmonomerMfromMwhichMnucleicMacidMisMformedM-
MAnswerMNucleotide,MperMEA
HersheyMandMchaseMlabeledMDNAMusingMthisMradioactiveMatom.M-MAnswerMPhosphorus
InMEukaryoticMreplicationMthereMisMaMfundamentalMlevelMofMcomplexityMbecauseMofMwh
atMproteins?M-MAnswerMHistoneMproteins
ThisMGreekMletterMdescribesMtheMshapeMofMaMbacterialMchromosomeMmid-
wayMthroughMreplication.M-MAnswerMTheta
TheMnitrogenousMbaseMofMaMnucleotideMmayMbeMofMtwoMtypesM-
MaMpurineMorMaMpyrimidine.M
Adenine________
Uracil________
GuanineM_____________
Thymine____________
Cytosine__________M-MAnswerMPurineM
PyrmidineM
PurineM
Pyrmidine
Pyrmidine
UracilMcontains________asMsugar.M-MAnswerMRibose
ThisMtermMdescribesMtheMsequenceMofMnucleotidesMwhichMdirectMtheMformationMofMaM
newMnucleicMacidMstrand.M-MAnswerMParentMstrandMperMEA
WriteMtheManticodon,MwithMcorrectMpolarity,MofMallMtRNAsMthatMwillMbindMtoMtheMmR
NAMcodonM5'MUCGM3',MconsideringMwobble-baseMpairingMrules.M-
MAnswerM3'MACGM5'M(exact)M
WobbeMcodons:M3'MACCM5',M3'MACUM5',M3'MACAM5'
, ThisMnewMstrandMofMDNAMhasMitsM3'MendMorientedMinMtheMoppositeMdirectionMasMth
atMinMwhichMtheMreplicationMforkMtravels.M-MAnswerMLaggingMstrand
ThisMnewMstrandMofMDNAMhasMitsM3'MendMorientedMinMtheMsameMdirectionMasMtheMr
eplicationMforkMtravels.M-MAnswerMLeadingMstrand
TheMconceptMthatMgeneticMinformationMpassesMfromMDNAMtoMRNAMtoMproteinMisMcalle
dM-MAnswerMTheMcentralMdogma
WhileMactuallyMaMformMofMRNAMpolymerase,MthisMenzymeMlaysMdownMtheMinitialMnucle
otidesMtoMsetMupMaMconditionMwhereMDNAMpolymeraseMcanMthenMtakeMoverMforMrepli
cation.M-MAnswerMPrimase
RNAMpolymeraseMmustMbindMtoMaMregionMofMDNAMcalledMa(n)M__________MinMorderM
toMbeginMtranscription.M-MAnswerMPromoter
ListM3MrequirementsMofManyMsubstanceMthatMbeMaM"geneticMmaterial"M-
MAnswerMReplicationM
StorageM
Expression
ThisMmethodMofMreplicationMpreservesMtheMcovalentMlinksMonMoneMstrandMofMDNAMbut
MallowsMpermanentMseparationMofMtheM"parental"MdoubleMhelixMtoMformMtwoMtemplate
s.M-MAnswerMSemiconservativeMreplication
WhatMisMsemiconservativeMreplicationM?M-
MAnswerMEachMofMtheMparentMnucleotideMstrandsMremainsMintactM(conserved),MbutMthe
yMareMnowMboundMtoMnewMnucleotideMstrandsMinsteadMofMeachMother.
InMtranscription,MnucleotidesMareMalwaysMaddedMtoMtheM_____endMofMtheMelongatingMs
trand.M-MAnswerM3'
WhereasMtheMnucleotideMstrandMusedMforMtranscriptionMisMtermedMthe____________Mth
eMnontranscribedMstrandMisMcalledMtheM_____________M.M-MAnswerMTemplateMstrandM
NontemplateMstrand