2026/2027 COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES (100% CORRECT VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS)
1. What is the primary function of dialysis?
A. Increase blood pressure
B. Remove waste and excess fluid
C. Improve heart rate
D. Increase oxygen levels
Answer: B. Remove waste and excess fluid
Rationale: Dialysis replaces kidney function by removing toxins and excess fluids from the
blood.
2. Which organ is primarily affected in patients requiring dialysis?
A. Heart
B. Liver
C. Kidneys
D. Lungs
Answer: C. Kidneys
Rationale: Dialysis is used when kidneys fail to filter waste effectively.
3. What type of dialysis uses a machine and filter?
A. Peritoneal dialysis
B. Hemodialysis
C. Continuous dialysis
D. Acute dialysis
Answer: B. Hemodialysis
Rationale: Hemodialysis uses a machine to filter blood externally.
4. What is the function of a dialyzer?
A. Pump blood
B. Filter waste
, C. Measure pressure
D. Deliver oxygen
Answer: B. Filter waste
Rationale: The dialyzer acts as an artificial kidney.
5. Which access is commonly used for hemodialysis?
A. IV line
B. AV fistula
C. Arterial catheter
D. PICC line
Answer: B. AV fistula
Rationale: AV fistulas provide long-term vascular access.
6. What is the purpose of dialysate?
A. Carry oxygen
B. Remove toxins
C. Deliver medication
D. Increase BP
Answer: B. Remove toxins
Rationale: Dialysate helps remove waste through diffusion.
7. Which condition leads to dialysis?
A. Asthma
B. Kidney failure
C. Diabetes only
D. Hypertension only
Answer: B. Kidney failure
Rationale: Dialysis is required when kidneys fail.
8. What is uremia?
A. Low blood sugar
B. High waste in blood
C. Low oxygen
D. High BP
, Answer: B. High waste in blood
Rationale: Uremia is accumulation of toxins due to kidney failure.
9. Which electrolyte is closely monitored in dialysis patients?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium
Answer: B. Potassium
Rationale: Potassium imbalance can cause cardiac issues.
10. What is the purpose of heparin in dialysis?
A. Increase BP
B. Prevent clotting
C. Remove toxins
D. Increase oxygen
Answer: B. Prevent clotting
Rationale: Heparin prevents blood from clotting in the circuit.
11. Which symptom indicates fluid overload?
A. Dry skin
B. Edema
C. Low BP
D. Weak pulse
Answer: B. Edema
Rationale: Fluid accumulation causes swelling.
12. What is hypotension during dialysis?
A. High BP
B. Low BP
C. Normal BP
D. Irregular BP
Answer: B. Low BP
Rationale: A common complication due to fluid removal.