2025 HESI RN PEDIATRIC (PEDS) ACTUAL EXAM
VERSION 1 AND 2 (V1 & V2) (ALL QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS)|GRADED A+-WELL STRUCTURED DOC
,1.Which of the following is the most appropriate first-line treatment for mild to moderate
asthma exacerbation in a pediatric patient?
A) Oral corticosteroids
B)Inhaled beta-agonist
C) IV magnesium sulfate
D) Oral antibiotics
Answer: B) Inhaled beta-agonist
Rationale: Inhaled beta-agonists (e.g., albuterol) are the first-line treatment for acute asthma
exacerbations as they relax bronchial smooth muscle and relieve bronchospasm.
2.A 3-year-old chld presents with a fever, barking cough, and stridor. Which condition is
most likely?
A) Bronchiolitis
B)Croup
C)Epiglottitis
D) Pneumonia
Answer: B) Croup
Rationale:Croup,or laryngotracheobronchitis,typically presents with a characteristic barking cough,
fever,and stridor. It is often caused by viral infections like parainfluenza.
3.A 5-year-old is brought to the clinic with complaints of a sore throat, fever,and a red
rash with sandpaper-like texture.Which condition is most likely?
A) Scarlet fever
B) Hand, foot, and mouth disease
C)Measles
D)Rubella
Answer:A) Scarlet fever
Rationale:Scarlet fever, caused by Group A Streptococcus, presents with a red,sandpaper-like rash,sore
throat,and fever.
4.Which of the following is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants?
, A) Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
B) Influenza virus
C)Parainfluenza virus
D)Adenovirus
Answer: A) Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Rationale: RSV is the most common viral cause of bronchiolitis, a respiratory illness that primarily
affects infants and young children.
5.A child with cystic fibrosis is being treated for a pulmonary infection. Which of the
following is most likely to be included in the treatment plan?
A)Amoxicillin
B)Doxycycline
C)Ciprofloxacin
D) Metronidazole
Answer:C) Ciprofloxacin
Rationale: Ciprofloxacin is often used to treat pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis patients,as they are
at higher risk for infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
6. A 2-year-old is brought in with sudden-onset abdominal pain,vomiting,and the
presence of a sausage-shaped mass in the abdomen. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Intussusception
B)Appendicitis
C)Gastroenteritis
D) Hirschsprung's disease
Answer: A) Intussusception
Rationale: Intussusception occurs when one part of the intestine telescopes into another.It is common
in young children and presents with abdominal pain, vomiting, and a palpable mass.
7.A 4-month-old infant presents with a persistent,high-pitched cry,feeding
difficulties, and poor weight gain. Which condition should be considered?
A) Infantile colic
B) Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
VERSION 1 AND 2 (V1 & V2) (ALL QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS)|GRADED A+-WELL STRUCTURED DOC
,1.Which of the following is the most appropriate first-line treatment for mild to moderate
asthma exacerbation in a pediatric patient?
A) Oral corticosteroids
B)Inhaled beta-agonist
C) IV magnesium sulfate
D) Oral antibiotics
Answer: B) Inhaled beta-agonist
Rationale: Inhaled beta-agonists (e.g., albuterol) are the first-line treatment for acute asthma
exacerbations as they relax bronchial smooth muscle and relieve bronchospasm.
2.A 3-year-old chld presents with a fever, barking cough, and stridor. Which condition is
most likely?
A) Bronchiolitis
B)Croup
C)Epiglottitis
D) Pneumonia
Answer: B) Croup
Rationale:Croup,or laryngotracheobronchitis,typically presents with a characteristic barking cough,
fever,and stridor. It is often caused by viral infections like parainfluenza.
3.A 5-year-old is brought to the clinic with complaints of a sore throat, fever,and a red
rash with sandpaper-like texture.Which condition is most likely?
A) Scarlet fever
B) Hand, foot, and mouth disease
C)Measles
D)Rubella
Answer:A) Scarlet fever
Rationale:Scarlet fever, caused by Group A Streptococcus, presents with a red,sandpaper-like rash,sore
throat,and fever.
4.Which of the following is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants?
, A) Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
B) Influenza virus
C)Parainfluenza virus
D)Adenovirus
Answer: A) Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Rationale: RSV is the most common viral cause of bronchiolitis, a respiratory illness that primarily
affects infants and young children.
5.A child with cystic fibrosis is being treated for a pulmonary infection. Which of the
following is most likely to be included in the treatment plan?
A)Amoxicillin
B)Doxycycline
C)Ciprofloxacin
D) Metronidazole
Answer:C) Ciprofloxacin
Rationale: Ciprofloxacin is often used to treat pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis patients,as they are
at higher risk for infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
6. A 2-year-old is brought in with sudden-onset abdominal pain,vomiting,and the
presence of a sausage-shaped mass in the abdomen. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Intussusception
B)Appendicitis
C)Gastroenteritis
D) Hirschsprung's disease
Answer: A) Intussusception
Rationale: Intussusception occurs when one part of the intestine telescopes into another.It is common
in young children and presents with abdominal pain, vomiting, and a palpable mass.
7.A 4-month-old infant presents with a persistent,high-pitched cry,feeding
difficulties, and poor weight gain. Which condition should be considered?
A) Infantile colic
B) Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
