WGU D439 INTRODUCTION TO
PROFESSIONAL NURSING CERTIFICATION
PREPARATION STUDY GUIDE OBJECTIVE
ASSESSMENT 2026 THOROUGH COVERAGE
OF ONE HUNDRED NINE QUESTIONS PLUS
PRECISE ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
WITH FINAL STUDY TIPS GRADED A+
⩥ illness. Answer: an abnormal process in which aspects of the social,
emotional, or intellectual condition and function of a person are
diminished or impaired.
(early civilization): was considered an indicator of how one stood with
God (divine disfavor). Sickness meant that an evil spirit had entered the
body, and the present of a good spirit kept disease away.
⩥ medicine man. Answer: A religious or spiritual leader who performed
witchcraft and rituals to induce the bad spirits to leave the body of ailing
person. Men typically dealt with illness and healthcare while women
dealt with labor and childbirth
Methods used:
frightening masks
,noises
incantations
charms
spells
laxatives /emetics
offerings
sacrifice
hot/cold application
cupping
cautery
massage
⩥ Pesthouses. Answer: Hospitals of the early 19th century. Dirty,
overcrowded facilities filled with patients where people usually
developed illness rather than treat them. The scope of practice of nurses
were limited. Conditions were unsanitary. Hygienic practices were not
performed. Thus the infection and mortality rate were high.
Things to note:
Training for nurses was scarce, thus lead to recruitment of questionable
qualifications. Nurses were women who came fro unfavorable
backgrounds (drank heavily, engaged in prostitution, and inmates).
Nursing was not seen as a desirable job at this time. women in higher
,class did not view nursing as a respectable profession (had to serve other
people).
⩥ Theodore Fliedner. Answer: German pastor who organized an
infirmary in Kaiserwerth, Germany, the true beginnings of modern nurse
training dubbed the first ever nursing school. Lutheran Deaconesses
trained at this facility. Also established first protestant hospital in US.
⩥ Florence Nightingale. Answer: Established sanitary nursing care units.
Founder of modern nursing. began professional education of nursing.
She is remembered for her skills during the Crimean war in Turkey.
She studied and learned from Fliedner's Kaiserswerth program in
Germany.
Barrack Hospital: Patients and soldiers who received care from
nightingale not only improved physically, but a psychological
improvement took place as well due to the empathy and diligence of her
practice. They began to look forward to treatment, and respected her as a
nurse.
"lady with the lamp" nightingale's work is remembered today with the
renowned nursing symbol of the lamp. During her time electricity was
not available. She realized mortality increased during the night, so she
made rounds with her lamp to check the patients in the dark.
, Credited a the first nurse theorist.
reformed nursing from occupation to profession
⩥ Nursing School of Saint Thomas Hospital. Answer: Founded in
London by Florence Nightingale in 1860. Began the reformation of
nursing as an occupation to profession. The program operated separately
from the hospital. focused primarily on the education of nursing student.
training lasted 1 year of formal instruction and practical experience.
⩥ Nightingale Plan. Answer: established first at the Nursing School of
Saint Thomas, established by nightingale. To become the model for
nursing education in the twentieth century. Students had to pass strict
procedures for admission, and a residence was provided for them.
Training lasted 1 year and included both formal instruction and practical
experience.
Complete records were kept on each student's progress.
Records were kept on where they were employed.
⩥ Nightingale nurses. Answer: Improved patient care by such measures
as good hygiene and sanitation, patient observation, accurate record
keeping, nutritional improvements, and the introduction and use of new
medical equipment.
PROFESSIONAL NURSING CERTIFICATION
PREPARATION STUDY GUIDE OBJECTIVE
ASSESSMENT 2026 THOROUGH COVERAGE
OF ONE HUNDRED NINE QUESTIONS PLUS
PRECISE ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
WITH FINAL STUDY TIPS GRADED A+
⩥ illness. Answer: an abnormal process in which aspects of the social,
emotional, or intellectual condition and function of a person are
diminished or impaired.
(early civilization): was considered an indicator of how one stood with
God (divine disfavor). Sickness meant that an evil spirit had entered the
body, and the present of a good spirit kept disease away.
⩥ medicine man. Answer: A religious or spiritual leader who performed
witchcraft and rituals to induce the bad spirits to leave the body of ailing
person. Men typically dealt with illness and healthcare while women
dealt with labor and childbirth
Methods used:
frightening masks
,noises
incantations
charms
spells
laxatives /emetics
offerings
sacrifice
hot/cold application
cupping
cautery
massage
⩥ Pesthouses. Answer: Hospitals of the early 19th century. Dirty,
overcrowded facilities filled with patients where people usually
developed illness rather than treat them. The scope of practice of nurses
were limited. Conditions were unsanitary. Hygienic practices were not
performed. Thus the infection and mortality rate were high.
Things to note:
Training for nurses was scarce, thus lead to recruitment of questionable
qualifications. Nurses were women who came fro unfavorable
backgrounds (drank heavily, engaged in prostitution, and inmates).
Nursing was not seen as a desirable job at this time. women in higher
,class did not view nursing as a respectable profession (had to serve other
people).
⩥ Theodore Fliedner. Answer: German pastor who organized an
infirmary in Kaiserwerth, Germany, the true beginnings of modern nurse
training dubbed the first ever nursing school. Lutheran Deaconesses
trained at this facility. Also established first protestant hospital in US.
⩥ Florence Nightingale. Answer: Established sanitary nursing care units.
Founder of modern nursing. began professional education of nursing.
She is remembered for her skills during the Crimean war in Turkey.
She studied and learned from Fliedner's Kaiserswerth program in
Germany.
Barrack Hospital: Patients and soldiers who received care from
nightingale not only improved physically, but a psychological
improvement took place as well due to the empathy and diligence of her
practice. They began to look forward to treatment, and respected her as a
nurse.
"lady with the lamp" nightingale's work is remembered today with the
renowned nursing symbol of the lamp. During her time electricity was
not available. She realized mortality increased during the night, so she
made rounds with her lamp to check the patients in the dark.
, Credited a the first nurse theorist.
reformed nursing from occupation to profession
⩥ Nursing School of Saint Thomas Hospital. Answer: Founded in
London by Florence Nightingale in 1860. Began the reformation of
nursing as an occupation to profession. The program operated separately
from the hospital. focused primarily on the education of nursing student.
training lasted 1 year of formal instruction and practical experience.
⩥ Nightingale Plan. Answer: established first at the Nursing School of
Saint Thomas, established by nightingale. To become the model for
nursing education in the twentieth century. Students had to pass strict
procedures for admission, and a residence was provided for them.
Training lasted 1 year and included both formal instruction and practical
experience.
Complete records were kept on each student's progress.
Records were kept on where they were employed.
⩥ Nightingale nurses. Answer: Improved patient care by such measures
as good hygiene and sanitation, patient observation, accurate record
keeping, nutritional improvements, and the introduction and use of new
medical equipment.
