PAT 201 Test #1 Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
What is Pain? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Adaptive and protective mechanism;
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among physical, cognitive, spiritual, emotional, and environmental factors.
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Associated with actual or potential tissue damage.
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What is pain transduction? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-converting pain stimulus to
| | | | | | | | | |
electrical signal transmitted to the central nervous system.
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What happens in pain transduction? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. nociceptors
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activates due to physical, chemical, and thermal changes.
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2. causing ion channels (sodium, calcium, and potassium) to open on nociceptors.
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3. creating electrical impulses that travels through axons of 2 primary nociceptors
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where it is transmitted to the spinal cord, cortex, thalamus, and brainstem.
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What is pain transmission? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-conduction of pain impulses
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along alpha and c fibres into the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
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,What happens in pain transmission? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. forms synapses
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with excitatory and inhibitory interneurons in the substantia gelatinosa of the
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dorsal horn. |
2. forms synapses with projecting neurons across the midline of the spinal cord,
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where it ascends to the brain through 2 spinothalamic tracts.
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3. carries fast and slow impulses and is connected to reticular formation,
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hypothalamus, thalamus, and the limbic system. | | | | |
4. impulses are then projected to the somatosensory cortex for interpretation,
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location, and intensity of pain.
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What is pain perception? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-conscious awareness of pain.
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Where does pain perception occur primarily? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-cerebral
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cortex, limbic system, and reticular formation.
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What is pain perception influenced by? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-genes, culture,
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sex, age, health, and past pain experiences.
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What are the 3 systems that produces pain perception? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
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1. sensory-discriminatory system
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2. affective-motivational system
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, 3. cognitive-evaluative system
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What is the sensory-discriminatory system? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-determines
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the identity, presence, character, location, and intensity of pain; mediated by the
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somatosensory cortex. |
What is the affective-motivational system? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-determines
| | | | | | | |
the individual's avoidance behaviour of pain as well as their emotional response;
| | | | | | | | | | | |
mediated by the limbic system, reticular formation, and the brainstem.
| | | | | | | | |
What is the cognitive-evaluative system? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-determines the
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learned behaviour and past experiences of pain, as well as the modulation of
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perception; mediated by the cerebral cortex.
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What are Alpha-delta fibres? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-large myelinated fibres that
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transmits fast and sharp pain that is highly localized such as a pin prick.
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What are Alpha-beta fibres? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-large myelinated fibres that
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is associated with sensation, vibration, and touch.
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What are C-fibres? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-short unmyelinated fibres that are
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the most abundant in numbers that transmits slow dull pain that is poorly
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
localized.
What is the neospinothalamic pathway? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-fast pain
| | | | | | | | |
pathway that is highly localized.
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Correct Answers
What is Pain? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Adaptive and protective mechanism;
| | | | | | | | |
among physical, cognitive, spiritual, emotional, and environmental factors.
| | | | | | |
Associated with actual or potential tissue damage.
| | | | | |
What is pain transduction? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-converting pain stimulus to
| | | | | | | | | |
electrical signal transmitted to the central nervous system.
| | | | | | |
What happens in pain transduction? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. nociceptors
| | | | | | | | |
activates due to physical, chemical, and thermal changes.
| | | | | | |
2. causing ion channels (sodium, calcium, and potassium) to open on nociceptors.
| | | | | | | | | | |
3. creating electrical impulses that travels through axons of 2 primary nociceptors
| | | | | | | | | | |
where it is transmitted to the spinal cord, cortex, thalamus, and brainstem.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
What is pain transmission? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-conduction of pain impulses
| | | | | | | | | |
along alpha and c fibres into the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
,What happens in pain transmission? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. forms synapses
| | | | | | | | | |
with excitatory and inhibitory interneurons in the substantia gelatinosa of the
| | | | | | | | | | |
dorsal horn. |
2. forms synapses with projecting neurons across the midline of the spinal cord,
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
where it ascends to the brain through 2 spinothalamic tracts.
| | | | | | | | |
3. carries fast and slow impulses and is connected to reticular formation,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
hypothalamus, thalamus, and the limbic system. | | | | |
4. impulses are then projected to the somatosensory cortex for interpretation,
| | | | | | | | | | |
location, and intensity of pain.
| | | |
What is pain perception? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-conscious awareness of pain.
| | | | | | | | |
Where does pain perception occur primarily? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-cerebral
| | | | | | | | |
cortex, limbic system, and reticular formation.
| | | | |
What is pain perception influenced by? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-genes, culture,
| | | | | | | | | |
sex, age, health, and past pain experiences.
| | | | | |
What are the 3 systems that produces pain perception? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | | |
1. sensory-discriminatory system
| |
2. affective-motivational system
| |
, 3. cognitive-evaluative system
| |
What is the sensory-discriminatory system? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-determines
| | | | | | | |
the identity, presence, character, location, and intensity of pain; mediated by the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
somatosensory cortex. |
What is the affective-motivational system? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-determines
| | | | | | | |
the individual's avoidance behaviour of pain as well as their emotional response;
| | | | | | | | | | | |
mediated by the limbic system, reticular formation, and the brainstem.
| | | | | | | | |
What is the cognitive-evaluative system? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-determines the
| | | | | | | |
learned behaviour and past experiences of pain, as well as the modulation of
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
perception; mediated by the cerebral cortex.
| | | | |
What are Alpha-delta fibres? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-large myelinated fibres that
| | | | | | | | |
transmits fast and sharp pain that is highly localized such as a pin prick.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
What are Alpha-beta fibres? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-large myelinated fibres that
| | | | | | | | | |
is associated with sensation, vibration, and touch.
| | | | | |
What are C-fibres? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-short unmyelinated fibres that are
| | | | | | | | | |
the most abundant in numbers that transmits slow dull pain that is poorly
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
localized.
What is the neospinothalamic pathway? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-fast pain
| | | | | | | | |
pathway that is highly localized.
| | | |
