HLT 143 EXAM 3 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTION DIGEST WITH CORRECT
SOLUTIONS
◉hypertension risk factors. Answer: •Social Determinants of Health
•Family history
•Excessive sodium intake
•Physical inactivity
•Alcohol consumption
•Obesity
•African American (only in U.S. is the risk higher)
•Smoking
•Stress
•High Cholesterol
◉Patient Presentation of HTN. Answer: •"Silent killer"—
asymptomatic until severe and target organ disease occurs
•Symptoms of severe hypertension
•Fatigue
•Dizziness
,•Palpitation
•Angina
Dyspnea
◉HTN:
What client conditions are consistent with the cues?
Why is it of concern?
What other information do you need?
Nursing Assessment. Answer: •Headache, neuro changes
•Vision changes
•Anxiety
•Flushed face
•Nose bleeds
•Bounding pulses
•Edema
◉What all to consider with HTN. Answer: •Main goal with
diagnostics is to figure out if there is a secondary cause
•Measurement of BP
•Need to have more than one reading for a diagnosis of
Hypertension!
•Labs to:
,•Identify or rule out secondary HTN
•Evaluate target organ disease
•Determine CV risk
•Establish baselines before starting therapy
•Other tests
Echo, LFTs, TSH, HDL, LDL, triglycerides
◉lifestyle Modifications for hypertension. Answer: •Focus on the
modifiable risk factors
•Sodium intake: Less than 2000 mg/day, any processed, canned,
prepackaged food will contain excessive salt!
•Moderation of alcohol intake
•Physical Activity: Moderate-intensity aerobic activity
Avoid tobacco products
•Weight reduction
•Weight loss of 1 kg will decrease SBP by 1 mm Hg
•Calorie restriction and physical activity
•DASH eating plan
◉complications of HTN. Answer: •Hypertensive crisis!
•Heart: CAD, HF, atherosclerosis, MI
•Brain: TIA/Stroke
, •Peripheral vascular disease: atherosclerosis, intermittent
claudication
•Kidneys: chronic kidney disease
•Eyes: blurry or loss of vision
•Damaged retinal vessels indicate concurrent damage to vessels in
heart, brain, and kidneys.
◉DASH eating plan. Answer: •Fruits, vegetables, fat-free or low-fat
milk/milk products, whole grains, fish, poultry, beans, seeds, and
nuts
◉Psychosocial risk factors for HTN. Answer: •socioeconomic status,
•resources to meet daily needs
•stress at work and in family life,
•access to health care,
•safe housing, exposure to crime and violence,
•negative emotions (e.g., depression, hostility)
◉Intervention for HTN long term vs short term. Answer: Acute care:
•BP—assess VS, volume status, effects of drugs; look at trends
•Patients with persistent increased BP should be evaluated for HTN;
follow up with HCP
QUESTION DIGEST WITH CORRECT
SOLUTIONS
◉hypertension risk factors. Answer: •Social Determinants of Health
•Family history
•Excessive sodium intake
•Physical inactivity
•Alcohol consumption
•Obesity
•African American (only in U.S. is the risk higher)
•Smoking
•Stress
•High Cholesterol
◉Patient Presentation of HTN. Answer: •"Silent killer"—
asymptomatic until severe and target organ disease occurs
•Symptoms of severe hypertension
•Fatigue
•Dizziness
,•Palpitation
•Angina
Dyspnea
◉HTN:
What client conditions are consistent with the cues?
Why is it of concern?
What other information do you need?
Nursing Assessment. Answer: •Headache, neuro changes
•Vision changes
•Anxiety
•Flushed face
•Nose bleeds
•Bounding pulses
•Edema
◉What all to consider with HTN. Answer: •Main goal with
diagnostics is to figure out if there is a secondary cause
•Measurement of BP
•Need to have more than one reading for a diagnosis of
Hypertension!
•Labs to:
,•Identify or rule out secondary HTN
•Evaluate target organ disease
•Determine CV risk
•Establish baselines before starting therapy
•Other tests
Echo, LFTs, TSH, HDL, LDL, triglycerides
◉lifestyle Modifications for hypertension. Answer: •Focus on the
modifiable risk factors
•Sodium intake: Less than 2000 mg/day, any processed, canned,
prepackaged food will contain excessive salt!
•Moderation of alcohol intake
•Physical Activity: Moderate-intensity aerobic activity
Avoid tobacco products
•Weight reduction
•Weight loss of 1 kg will decrease SBP by 1 mm Hg
•Calorie restriction and physical activity
•DASH eating plan
◉complications of HTN. Answer: •Hypertensive crisis!
•Heart: CAD, HF, atherosclerosis, MI
•Brain: TIA/Stroke
, •Peripheral vascular disease: atherosclerosis, intermittent
claudication
•Kidneys: chronic kidney disease
•Eyes: blurry or loss of vision
•Damaged retinal vessels indicate concurrent damage to vessels in
heart, brain, and kidneys.
◉DASH eating plan. Answer: •Fruits, vegetables, fat-free or low-fat
milk/milk products, whole grains, fish, poultry, beans, seeds, and
nuts
◉Psychosocial risk factors for HTN. Answer: •socioeconomic status,
•resources to meet daily needs
•stress at work and in family life,
•access to health care,
•safe housing, exposure to crime and violence,
•negative emotions (e.g., depression, hostility)
◉Intervention for HTN long term vs short term. Answer: Acute care:
•BP—assess VS, volume status, effects of drugs; look at trends
•Patients with persistent increased BP should be evaluated for HTN;
follow up with HCP
