GERONTOLOGY HESI PRACTICE FINAL
TEST 2026 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ An older male client returns to the hospital after discharge 4 days ago for a
transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The nurse evaluates the
function of the 3-way indwelling urinary catheter and the continuous
bladder irrigation system. Which finding should the nurse report to the
healthcare provider?1- An irrigation bag of normal saline is hanging at the
level of the client's head.2- The urinary output is greater than the amount of
irrigation fluid instilled.3- The irrigation tubing is attached to the irrigation
port on the 3-way catheter.4- The tubing that drains the urinary bladder has
bright red urine with clots..
Answer: ans: 4RationaleThe presence of bright red urine with clots in the
tubing draining the bladder is an abnormal finding indicating active
bleeding, which should have resolved after 36 to 72 hours postoperatively
and should be reported.
◍ At what age is a person initially considered an older adult? 70 65 60 75.
Answer: 65Nurses need to be familiar with the stages of life. Older adults at
the age of 65 onward experience development changes. A decline in health
and mobility affects life and function.
◍ When treating a patient with oral Vitamin B12, which drug interaction will
result in decreased absorption of vitamin B12? aminoglycosides colchicine
potassium supplements all of the above.
Answer: all of the aboveIn addition to the drugs listed in the first three
choices, ascorbic acid may destroy the vitamin B12 supplement within one
hour of ingestion. These drugs should not be taken concomitantly with oral
vitamin B12.
,◍ You are providing patient education to a patient who has recently been
diagnosed with shingles. Which of the following is NOT true of the way this
patient should care for his rash? He should leave the rash uncovered to
speed healing. He should keep the rash covered. He should keep the rash
clean and dry. He should use only nonadhesive bandages on the rash..
Answer: He should leave the rash uncovered to speed healing. Patients with
herpes zoster - shingles - should keep their rashes clean, dry, and covered.
The adhesive in bandages can irritate the shingles, so only nonadhesive
bandages should be used.
◍ When screening for alcohol abuse in the elderly, which test has been
validated for this population? CUT Screen CAGE Screen MINE Screen
LIST Screen.
Answer: CAGE ScreenThis is a screen for alcohol abuse that is validated in
adults and the geriatric population.The C stands for "have you ever felt like
you should CUT down". The A stands for "does other's criticism of your
drinking ANNOY you". The G stands for "have you ever felt GUILTY
about your drinking". The E stands for "have you ever had an EYE opener".
◍ As a GNP you understand that older adults have bone loss. At what age does
this bone loss start? 40 50 60 70.
Answer: 40Bone loss begins at about age 40. Bone loss is more common in
women than in men and so osteoporosis occurs more often in women.
◍ Of the following, which is the body system that is responsible for protecting
the organs as well as allowing the body to move? Nervous. Skeletal.
Muscular. Circulatory..
Answer: Skeletal The human body is made up of 11 major body systems.
These are Nervous, Skeletal, Muscular, Circulatory, Respiratory, Digestive,
Endocrine, Reproductive, Excretory, Integumentary, and Immune. The
Nervous System receives and sends messages to the body. The Skeletal
System protects the body's organs and helps with functions such as moving
around. The Muscular System consists of bones and the tissues that bring
them together. It helps with functions such as walking. The Circulatory
, System includes the heart and blood vessels and helps with the flow of
blood throughout the body.
◍ A 68 year female patient has frequent migraine headaches. Besides checking
for possible triggers and the patient's family history, the GNP should also
assess the extent at which headaches limit all of the following except for:
Job performance. Activities of daily living. Medication absorption. Social
interaction..
Answer: Medication absorption. The incidence of new onset migraine
headaches reduces with age, but after age 65 the risk of headaches involving
a serious medical condition increases significantly. The GNP should check
for other co-existing conditions and medications the patient is taking. While
the GNP cannot determine how well medications are being absorbed into the
patient's system without further diagnostics, the GNP should recognize
during initial assessment that some medications may induce migraines.
◍ An older male client is admitted for emergency treatment of acute
closed-angle glaucoma. The nurse begins administering the prescribed
miotic medications and glycerin therapy. Which intervention is most
important for the nurse to maintain during the client's therapy?1. Maintain
lighting control in the room during therapy.2. Monitor intake and output
every 2 hours for 24 hours.3. Place an eye patch over the affected eye during
sleep.4. Administer the eye drops at the scheduled intervals..
Answer: ans: 2RationaleMonitoring intake and output is most important
during the administration of glycerin due to the rapid-acting osmotic diuretic
effect of glycerin therapy.
◍ Your elderly patient has developed a disorder as a result of thrombotic
obstruction (clot). Of the following, which did he MOST likely develop?
Pulmonary venous hypertension. Chronic thromboembolic disease.
Pulmonary vasculature disorder. Pulmonary arterial disease..
Answer: Chronic thromboembolic disease.There are a variety of disorders in
which acute respiratory failure may occur. Others include disorders of the
lung or hypoxemia.
, ◍ Which of the following groups should be tested for abdominal aortic
aneurysm? males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked females aged 65-75
who have hypertension males and females over 75 females over 75.
Answer: males aged 65-75 who have ever smokedAbdominal aortic
aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in females. The American
Heart Association recommends screening males once between ages 65-75 if
they have ever smoked since that increases the risk of AAA.
◍ Mrs. Frasier, an 50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that she is
concerned about. How do you diagnose this? Cyst. Bulla. Wheal. Plaques..
Answer: WhealCyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size.
Bulla: fluid-filled, elevated, circumscribed lesion that's larger than 5mm.
Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with transient elevation lesion that's 0.5 to
10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping of papules; elevated and a
variety of shapes; larger than 5mm.
◍ An older male client with heart failure (HF) reports chronic constipation and
wants to retrain his bowel. Which information should the nurse offer the
client for establishing regular bowel habits?1. Add whole grain foods and
fibrous vegetables to diet.2. Drink water and fluids up to 3,000 mL daily.3.
Use a stool softener or glycerin suppository PR
N. 4. Plan daily exercise based on fatigue level..
Answer: ans: 1RationaleIncreasing daily fiber and fluid intake are the best
tools to use when retraining bowel habits.
◍ A frail older couple asks the nurse if they have to watch their salt intake
because food does not taste as good as it used to so they have to season most
foods. What information should the nurse offer the couple?1- Boredom may
influence how the taste of food is perceived, and different seasonings can
stimulate taste.2- With age, an increase in sodium intake is needed to
compensate for a decrease in renal function.3- Short-term memory loss and
confusion may be the reason they want to over-season their food.4- Taste
buds often are dull due to atrophy, so older clients should use other
seasonings.
TEST 2026 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ An older male client returns to the hospital after discharge 4 days ago for a
transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The nurse evaluates the
function of the 3-way indwelling urinary catheter and the continuous
bladder irrigation system. Which finding should the nurse report to the
healthcare provider?1- An irrigation bag of normal saline is hanging at the
level of the client's head.2- The urinary output is greater than the amount of
irrigation fluid instilled.3- The irrigation tubing is attached to the irrigation
port on the 3-way catheter.4- The tubing that drains the urinary bladder has
bright red urine with clots..
Answer: ans: 4RationaleThe presence of bright red urine with clots in the
tubing draining the bladder is an abnormal finding indicating active
bleeding, which should have resolved after 36 to 72 hours postoperatively
and should be reported.
◍ At what age is a person initially considered an older adult? 70 65 60 75.
Answer: 65Nurses need to be familiar with the stages of life. Older adults at
the age of 65 onward experience development changes. A decline in health
and mobility affects life and function.
◍ When treating a patient with oral Vitamin B12, which drug interaction will
result in decreased absorption of vitamin B12? aminoglycosides colchicine
potassium supplements all of the above.
Answer: all of the aboveIn addition to the drugs listed in the first three
choices, ascorbic acid may destroy the vitamin B12 supplement within one
hour of ingestion. These drugs should not be taken concomitantly with oral
vitamin B12.
,◍ You are providing patient education to a patient who has recently been
diagnosed with shingles. Which of the following is NOT true of the way this
patient should care for his rash? He should leave the rash uncovered to
speed healing. He should keep the rash covered. He should keep the rash
clean and dry. He should use only nonadhesive bandages on the rash..
Answer: He should leave the rash uncovered to speed healing. Patients with
herpes zoster - shingles - should keep their rashes clean, dry, and covered.
The adhesive in bandages can irritate the shingles, so only nonadhesive
bandages should be used.
◍ When screening for alcohol abuse in the elderly, which test has been
validated for this population? CUT Screen CAGE Screen MINE Screen
LIST Screen.
Answer: CAGE ScreenThis is a screen for alcohol abuse that is validated in
adults and the geriatric population.The C stands for "have you ever felt like
you should CUT down". The A stands for "does other's criticism of your
drinking ANNOY you". The G stands for "have you ever felt GUILTY
about your drinking". The E stands for "have you ever had an EYE opener".
◍ As a GNP you understand that older adults have bone loss. At what age does
this bone loss start? 40 50 60 70.
Answer: 40Bone loss begins at about age 40. Bone loss is more common in
women than in men and so osteoporosis occurs more often in women.
◍ Of the following, which is the body system that is responsible for protecting
the organs as well as allowing the body to move? Nervous. Skeletal.
Muscular. Circulatory..
Answer: Skeletal The human body is made up of 11 major body systems.
These are Nervous, Skeletal, Muscular, Circulatory, Respiratory, Digestive,
Endocrine, Reproductive, Excretory, Integumentary, and Immune. The
Nervous System receives and sends messages to the body. The Skeletal
System protects the body's organs and helps with functions such as moving
around. The Muscular System consists of bones and the tissues that bring
them together. It helps with functions such as walking. The Circulatory
, System includes the heart and blood vessels and helps with the flow of
blood throughout the body.
◍ A 68 year female patient has frequent migraine headaches. Besides checking
for possible triggers and the patient's family history, the GNP should also
assess the extent at which headaches limit all of the following except for:
Job performance. Activities of daily living. Medication absorption. Social
interaction..
Answer: Medication absorption. The incidence of new onset migraine
headaches reduces with age, but after age 65 the risk of headaches involving
a serious medical condition increases significantly. The GNP should check
for other co-existing conditions and medications the patient is taking. While
the GNP cannot determine how well medications are being absorbed into the
patient's system without further diagnostics, the GNP should recognize
during initial assessment that some medications may induce migraines.
◍ An older male client is admitted for emergency treatment of acute
closed-angle glaucoma. The nurse begins administering the prescribed
miotic medications and glycerin therapy. Which intervention is most
important for the nurse to maintain during the client's therapy?1. Maintain
lighting control in the room during therapy.2. Monitor intake and output
every 2 hours for 24 hours.3. Place an eye patch over the affected eye during
sleep.4. Administer the eye drops at the scheduled intervals..
Answer: ans: 2RationaleMonitoring intake and output is most important
during the administration of glycerin due to the rapid-acting osmotic diuretic
effect of glycerin therapy.
◍ Your elderly patient has developed a disorder as a result of thrombotic
obstruction (clot). Of the following, which did he MOST likely develop?
Pulmonary venous hypertension. Chronic thromboembolic disease.
Pulmonary vasculature disorder. Pulmonary arterial disease..
Answer: Chronic thromboembolic disease.There are a variety of disorders in
which acute respiratory failure may occur. Others include disorders of the
lung or hypoxemia.
, ◍ Which of the following groups should be tested for abdominal aortic
aneurysm? males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked females aged 65-75
who have hypertension males and females over 75 females over 75.
Answer: males aged 65-75 who have ever smokedAbdominal aortic
aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in females. The American
Heart Association recommends screening males once between ages 65-75 if
they have ever smoked since that increases the risk of AAA.
◍ Mrs. Frasier, an 50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that she is
concerned about. How do you diagnose this? Cyst. Bulla. Wheal. Plaques..
Answer: WhealCyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size.
Bulla: fluid-filled, elevated, circumscribed lesion that's larger than 5mm.
Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with transient elevation lesion that's 0.5 to
10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping of papules; elevated and a
variety of shapes; larger than 5mm.
◍ An older male client with heart failure (HF) reports chronic constipation and
wants to retrain his bowel. Which information should the nurse offer the
client for establishing regular bowel habits?1. Add whole grain foods and
fibrous vegetables to diet.2. Drink water and fluids up to 3,000 mL daily.3.
Use a stool softener or glycerin suppository PR
N. 4. Plan daily exercise based on fatigue level..
Answer: ans: 1RationaleIncreasing daily fiber and fluid intake are the best
tools to use when retraining bowel habits.
◍ A frail older couple asks the nurse if they have to watch their salt intake
because food does not taste as good as it used to so they have to season most
foods. What information should the nurse offer the couple?1- Boredom may
influence how the taste of food is perceived, and different seasonings can
stimulate taste.2- With age, an increase in sodium intake is needed to
compensate for a decrease in renal function.3- Short-term memory loss and
confusion may be the reason they want to over-season their food.4- Taste
buds often are dull due to atrophy, so older clients should use other
seasonings.
