T&D Exam 3 (Ch. 7, 8 & 9) with Verified
Solutions
What is the 70-20-10 model? - ANSWER-70% of workplace learning occurs on the job
20% of workplace learning occurs socially through coaching and mentoring
10% of workplace learning occurs with formal classroom training
What is the most frequently used training method? - ANSWER-the traditional classroom
training (to save on costs)
Traditional training method categories: - ANSWER-1. presentation methods (e.g.,
lecture)
2. hands-on method (e.g., role-playing, case study)
3. group/team-building methods (e.g., adventure learning, team training)
Lecture: - ANSWER-A training method in which the trainer communicates through
spoken words what trainees are supposed to learn.
The communication is mainly one-way.
There are several variations of the lecture method:
- team teaching
- panels
- guest speaker
- student presentation
Audio-Visual Instruction: - ANSWER-Media-based training that is both watched and
heard.
Mainly used with lecture method.
Used for improving communication of information and illustrating how procedures
should be followed.
Storyboards - ANSWER-A group of pictures created using pencil-and-paper or markers
on notebooks, erasable marker boards, flip charts, or PowerPoint slides that tell a story.
**can be used to explain steps or show the correct process or procedures for a task
Other presentation methods: - ANSWER-job instruction training
error-bases examples training
,feedback
programmed instruction
cooperative learning
Cooperative Learning: - ANSWER-trainees learn cooperatively by capitalizing on each
other's knowledge and skills
On-the-job Training (OJT): - ANSWER-training in which new or inexperienced
employees learn through first observing peers or managers performing a job and then
trying to imitate their behavior.
- based on social learning theory
- one of the oldest and most common types of informal learning
- other employees are usually the trainers
problem: trainers may not use the correct process to complete a task and/or may pass
on bad habits
e.g., servers
Learning Management System (LMS): - ANSWER-A system for automating the
administration of online training programs.
- provides trainers, employees/trainees, managers, and the HR department the ability to
manage, deliver, and track training activities
- organizes training programs in catalogs
- helps develop human capital by allowing employees to pick trainings
- assists in talent management
Online learning: - ANSWER-instruction and delivery of training by computer online
through the Internet or Web
- also referred to as e-learning
- 2nd most common training method
- may involve trainees visiting a website or the company's intranet system where a
password is needed to access the training program
- allows trainee "attendance" to be tracked (frequency and length of time)
- effective for learning knowledge where tests are commonly used to measure learning
- inadequate for learning complex analytical, conceptual, and interpersonal skills
because it has a lack of communication richness - there is no non-verbal ques.
Digital collaboration: - ANSWER-an interaction between two or more people mediated
by a computer; the use of technology to enhance and extend employees; ability to work
together regardless of their geographic proximity
, - important for increasing online learning effectiveness, because online learning lacks
communication
How can digital collaboration in online learning be enhances: - ANSWER-- using
hyperlinks for trainees to receive additional information (e.g., references to chat rooms
with experts or professionals in the field)
- required participation in discussion boards and online group projects
- providing contact links
Online Learning Development: - ANSWER-- the same training design process is used
but there are 3 additional parts required in steps 1 and 3.
- needs assessment & create a positive learning environment
Needs Assessment (step 1): - ANSWER-- Add a technology assessment
- Assess the basic skills needed for using technology in an online training program -
becomes a part of the person analysis
- Add a technical analysis
Create a positive learning environment (step 3): - ANSWER-- use rapid prototyping for
designing the online training program
- provide an online tutorial or orientation by creating flowcharts and storyboards to
provide directions for course components
- have multiple types of media to appeal to different learning styles (pictures, media,
discussion boards, games.)
- repurposing of the training content - directly translates classroom training content to
online form
Provide time and space under learner control (step 3): - ANSWER-- conduct a formative
evaluation of the online training program to identify length and time of modules so
information can be learned
- use "chunking" or modules to help with time management issues (1-2 hr training
sessions)
- provide dedicated time during work hours (but many organizations are moving away
from this)
Distance learning: - ANSWER-- features 2-way communication
- trainees can ask questions and provide comments when it is live (e.g., skype, email,
facetime, text, call, etc.)
Types of distance learning: - ANSWER-1. teleconferencing
2. webcasting/web conference
3. virtual classroom
4. interactive distance learning (IDL)
Solutions
What is the 70-20-10 model? - ANSWER-70% of workplace learning occurs on the job
20% of workplace learning occurs socially through coaching and mentoring
10% of workplace learning occurs with formal classroom training
What is the most frequently used training method? - ANSWER-the traditional classroom
training (to save on costs)
Traditional training method categories: - ANSWER-1. presentation methods (e.g.,
lecture)
2. hands-on method (e.g., role-playing, case study)
3. group/team-building methods (e.g., adventure learning, team training)
Lecture: - ANSWER-A training method in which the trainer communicates through
spoken words what trainees are supposed to learn.
The communication is mainly one-way.
There are several variations of the lecture method:
- team teaching
- panels
- guest speaker
- student presentation
Audio-Visual Instruction: - ANSWER-Media-based training that is both watched and
heard.
Mainly used with lecture method.
Used for improving communication of information and illustrating how procedures
should be followed.
Storyboards - ANSWER-A group of pictures created using pencil-and-paper or markers
on notebooks, erasable marker boards, flip charts, or PowerPoint slides that tell a story.
**can be used to explain steps or show the correct process or procedures for a task
Other presentation methods: - ANSWER-job instruction training
error-bases examples training
,feedback
programmed instruction
cooperative learning
Cooperative Learning: - ANSWER-trainees learn cooperatively by capitalizing on each
other's knowledge and skills
On-the-job Training (OJT): - ANSWER-training in which new or inexperienced
employees learn through first observing peers or managers performing a job and then
trying to imitate their behavior.
- based on social learning theory
- one of the oldest and most common types of informal learning
- other employees are usually the trainers
problem: trainers may not use the correct process to complete a task and/or may pass
on bad habits
e.g., servers
Learning Management System (LMS): - ANSWER-A system for automating the
administration of online training programs.
- provides trainers, employees/trainees, managers, and the HR department the ability to
manage, deliver, and track training activities
- organizes training programs in catalogs
- helps develop human capital by allowing employees to pick trainings
- assists in talent management
Online learning: - ANSWER-instruction and delivery of training by computer online
through the Internet or Web
- also referred to as e-learning
- 2nd most common training method
- may involve trainees visiting a website or the company's intranet system where a
password is needed to access the training program
- allows trainee "attendance" to be tracked (frequency and length of time)
- effective for learning knowledge where tests are commonly used to measure learning
- inadequate for learning complex analytical, conceptual, and interpersonal skills
because it has a lack of communication richness - there is no non-verbal ques.
Digital collaboration: - ANSWER-an interaction between two or more people mediated
by a computer; the use of technology to enhance and extend employees; ability to work
together regardless of their geographic proximity
, - important for increasing online learning effectiveness, because online learning lacks
communication
How can digital collaboration in online learning be enhances: - ANSWER-- using
hyperlinks for trainees to receive additional information (e.g., references to chat rooms
with experts or professionals in the field)
- required participation in discussion boards and online group projects
- providing contact links
Online Learning Development: - ANSWER-- the same training design process is used
but there are 3 additional parts required in steps 1 and 3.
- needs assessment & create a positive learning environment
Needs Assessment (step 1): - ANSWER-- Add a technology assessment
- Assess the basic skills needed for using technology in an online training program -
becomes a part of the person analysis
- Add a technical analysis
Create a positive learning environment (step 3): - ANSWER-- use rapid prototyping for
designing the online training program
- provide an online tutorial or orientation by creating flowcharts and storyboards to
provide directions for course components
- have multiple types of media to appeal to different learning styles (pictures, media,
discussion boards, games.)
- repurposing of the training content - directly translates classroom training content to
online form
Provide time and space under learner control (step 3): - ANSWER-- conduct a formative
evaluation of the online training program to identify length and time of modules so
information can be learned
- use "chunking" or modules to help with time management issues (1-2 hr training
sessions)
- provide dedicated time during work hours (but many organizations are moving away
from this)
Distance learning: - ANSWER-- features 2-way communication
- trainees can ask questions and provide comments when it is live (e.g., skype, email,
facetime, text, call, etc.)
Types of distance learning: - ANSWER-1. teleconferencing
2. webcasting/web conference
3. virtual classroom
4. interactive distance learning (IDL)
