CISA EXAM Questions and
Aswers 2026
ChapterB1B-BAnswer
SourceBcodeB-BAnsweruncompiled,BarchiveBcode
ObjectBcodeB-
BAnswercompiledBcodeBthatBisBdistributedBandBputBintoBproduction;BnotBableBtoBbeBreadBby
Bhumans
InherentBriskB-
BAnswertheBriskBthatBanBerrorBcouldBoccurBassumingBnoBcompensatingBcontrolBexist
ControlBriskB-
BAnswertheBriskBthatBanBerrorBexistsBthatBwouldBnotBbeBpreventedBbyBinternalBcontrols
DetectionBriskB-
BAnswertheBriskBthatBanBerrorBexists,BbutBisBnotBdetected.BTheBriskBthatBanBISBauditorBmay
BuseBanBinadequateBtestBprocedureBandBconcludeBthatBnoBmaterialBerrorBexistsBwhenBinBfact
BerrorsBdoBexist.
AuditBriskB-
BAnswertheBoverallBlevelBofBrisk;BtheBlevelBofBriskBtheBauditorBisBpreparedBtoBaccept.
ComplianceBtestingB-
BAnswerdeterminesBifBcontrolsBareBbeingBappliedBinBaBmannerBthatBcompliesBwithBmgmt'sBp
oliciesBandBprocedures
SubstantiveBtestingB-
BAnswerevaluatesBtheBintegrityBofBindividualBtransactions,Bdata,BandBotherBinformation.
RegressionBtestingB-
BAnswerusedBtoBretestBearlierBprogramBabendsBthatBoccurredBduringBtheBinitialBtestingBphase
.
,SociabilityBtestingB-
BAnswertoBensureBtheBapplicationBworksBasBexpectedBinBtheBspecifiedBenvironmentBwhereBot
herBapplicationsBrunBconcurrently.BIncludesBtestingBofBinterfacesBwithBotherBsystems.
ParallelBtestingB-BAnswerFeedingBtestBdataBintoBtwoBsystemsBandBcomparingBtheBresults.
WhiteBboxBtestingB-BAnswertestBtheBsoftware'sBprogramBlogic.
BlackBboxBtestingB-
BAnswerTestingBtheBfunctionalBoperatingBeffectivenessBwithoutBregardBtoBinternalBprogramBstr
ucture.
RedundancyBcheckB-
BAnswerdetectsBtransmissionBerrorsBbyBappendingBcalculatedBbitsBontoBtheBendBofBeachBseg
mentBofBdata.
VariableBsamplingB-BAnswerusedBtoBestimateBtheBaverageBorBtotalBvalueBofBaBpopulation.
DiscoveryBsamplingB-
BAnswerusedBtoBdetermineBtheBprobabilityBofBfindingBanBattributeBinBaBpopulation.
AttributeBsamplingB-
BAnswerselectingBitemsBfromBaBpopulationBbasedBonBaBcommonBattribute.BUsedBforBcomplia
nceBtesting.
ChapterB2B-BAnswer
SteeringBCommitteeB-
BAnswerAppointedBbyBseniorBmanagement.BServesBasBaBgeneralBreviewBboardBforBprojectsBa
ndBacquisitions...BnotBinvolvedBinBroutineBoperations.BTheBcommitteeBshouldBincludeBrepresen
tativesBfromBseniorBmanagement,BuserBmanagement,BandBtheBISBdepartment.BEscalatesBissues
BtoBseniorBmanagement.
RequestBforBProposalB(RFP)B-
BAnswerABdocumentBdistributedBtoBsoftwareBvendorsBrequestingBtheirBsubmissionBofBaBpropo
salBtoBdevelopBorBprovideBaBsoftwareBproduct.BRFPBshouldBinclude:BProjectBOverview,BKeyBR
, equirementsBandBConstraints,BScopeBLimitations,BVendorBquestionnaire,BcustomerBreferences,B
demonstrations,Betc.
QualityBAssuranceB-BAnswerCheckBtoBverifyBpoliciesBareBfollowed.
QualityBControlB-BAnswerCheckBtoBverifyBfreeBfromBdefects.
Bottom-upBapproachBforBpolicyBdevelopmentB-BAnswerbeginsBbyBdefiningBoperational-
levelBrequirementsBandBpoliciesBwhichBareBderivedBandBimplementedBasBaBresultBofBaBriskBa
ssessment.
ChapterB3B-BAnswer
OSIBModelB-BAnswerAllBPeopleBSeemBToBNeedBDominosBPizza
LayerB7B-BApplicationBlayerB-
BAnswerTheBapplicationBlayerBinterfacesBdirectlyBtoBandBperformsBcommonBapplicationBservice
sBforBtheBapplicationBprocesses.
LayerB6B-BPresentationBlayerB-
BAnswerTheBpresentationBlayerBrelievesBtheBApplicationBlayerBofBconcernBregardingBsyntactical
BdifferencesBinBdataBrepresentationBwithinBtheBend-
userBsystems.BMIMEBencoding,BdataBcompression,Bencryption,BandBsimilarBmanipulationBofBth
eBpresentationBofBdataBisBdoneBatBthisBlayer.
LayerB5B-BSessionBlayerB-
BAnswerTheBsessionBlayerBprovidesBtheBmechanismBforBmanagingBtheBdialogueBbetweenBend-
userBapplicationBprocessesB(ByBdialogBweBmeanBthatBwhoseBturnBisBitBtoBtransmit).BItBprovid
esBforBeitherBduplexBorBhalf-
duplexBoperation.BThisBlayerBisBresponsibleBforBsettingBupBandBtearingBdownBTCP/IPBsessions.
LayerB4B-BTransportBlayerB-
BAnswerTheBtransportBlayerBisBresponsibleBforBreliableBdataBdelivery.BTheBtransportBlayerBpro
videsBtransparentBtransferBofBdataBbetweenBendBusers,BthusBrelievingBtheBupperBlayersBfrom
BanyBconcernBwithBprovidingBreliableBandBcost-
effectiveBdataBtransfer.BTheBtransportBlayerBcontrolsBtheBreliabilityBofBaBgivenBlink.BTheBtrans
portBlayerBcanBkeepBtrackBofBpacketsBandBretransmitBthoseBthatBfail.BAlsoBaddressesBpacketB
sequencing.BTheBbestBknownBexampleBofBaBlayerB4BprotocolBisBTCP.
Aswers 2026
ChapterB1B-BAnswer
SourceBcodeB-BAnsweruncompiled,BarchiveBcode
ObjectBcodeB-
BAnswercompiledBcodeBthatBisBdistributedBandBputBintoBproduction;BnotBableBtoBbeBreadBby
Bhumans
InherentBriskB-
BAnswertheBriskBthatBanBerrorBcouldBoccurBassumingBnoBcompensatingBcontrolBexist
ControlBriskB-
BAnswertheBriskBthatBanBerrorBexistsBthatBwouldBnotBbeBpreventedBbyBinternalBcontrols
DetectionBriskB-
BAnswertheBriskBthatBanBerrorBexists,BbutBisBnotBdetected.BTheBriskBthatBanBISBauditorBmay
BuseBanBinadequateBtestBprocedureBandBconcludeBthatBnoBmaterialBerrorBexistsBwhenBinBfact
BerrorsBdoBexist.
AuditBriskB-
BAnswertheBoverallBlevelBofBrisk;BtheBlevelBofBriskBtheBauditorBisBpreparedBtoBaccept.
ComplianceBtestingB-
BAnswerdeterminesBifBcontrolsBareBbeingBappliedBinBaBmannerBthatBcompliesBwithBmgmt'sBp
oliciesBandBprocedures
SubstantiveBtestingB-
BAnswerevaluatesBtheBintegrityBofBindividualBtransactions,Bdata,BandBotherBinformation.
RegressionBtestingB-
BAnswerusedBtoBretestBearlierBprogramBabendsBthatBoccurredBduringBtheBinitialBtestingBphase
.
,SociabilityBtestingB-
BAnswertoBensureBtheBapplicationBworksBasBexpectedBinBtheBspecifiedBenvironmentBwhereBot
herBapplicationsBrunBconcurrently.BIncludesBtestingBofBinterfacesBwithBotherBsystems.
ParallelBtestingB-BAnswerFeedingBtestBdataBintoBtwoBsystemsBandBcomparingBtheBresults.
WhiteBboxBtestingB-BAnswertestBtheBsoftware'sBprogramBlogic.
BlackBboxBtestingB-
BAnswerTestingBtheBfunctionalBoperatingBeffectivenessBwithoutBregardBtoBinternalBprogramBstr
ucture.
RedundancyBcheckB-
BAnswerdetectsBtransmissionBerrorsBbyBappendingBcalculatedBbitsBontoBtheBendBofBeachBseg
mentBofBdata.
VariableBsamplingB-BAnswerusedBtoBestimateBtheBaverageBorBtotalBvalueBofBaBpopulation.
DiscoveryBsamplingB-
BAnswerusedBtoBdetermineBtheBprobabilityBofBfindingBanBattributeBinBaBpopulation.
AttributeBsamplingB-
BAnswerselectingBitemsBfromBaBpopulationBbasedBonBaBcommonBattribute.BUsedBforBcomplia
nceBtesting.
ChapterB2B-BAnswer
SteeringBCommitteeB-
BAnswerAppointedBbyBseniorBmanagement.BServesBasBaBgeneralBreviewBboardBforBprojectsBa
ndBacquisitions...BnotBinvolvedBinBroutineBoperations.BTheBcommitteeBshouldBincludeBrepresen
tativesBfromBseniorBmanagement,BuserBmanagement,BandBtheBISBdepartment.BEscalatesBissues
BtoBseniorBmanagement.
RequestBforBProposalB(RFP)B-
BAnswerABdocumentBdistributedBtoBsoftwareBvendorsBrequestingBtheirBsubmissionBofBaBpropo
salBtoBdevelopBorBprovideBaBsoftwareBproduct.BRFPBshouldBinclude:BProjectBOverview,BKeyBR
, equirementsBandBConstraints,BScopeBLimitations,BVendorBquestionnaire,BcustomerBreferences,B
demonstrations,Betc.
QualityBAssuranceB-BAnswerCheckBtoBverifyBpoliciesBareBfollowed.
QualityBControlB-BAnswerCheckBtoBverifyBfreeBfromBdefects.
Bottom-upBapproachBforBpolicyBdevelopmentB-BAnswerbeginsBbyBdefiningBoperational-
levelBrequirementsBandBpoliciesBwhichBareBderivedBandBimplementedBasBaBresultBofBaBriskBa
ssessment.
ChapterB3B-BAnswer
OSIBModelB-BAnswerAllBPeopleBSeemBToBNeedBDominosBPizza
LayerB7B-BApplicationBlayerB-
BAnswerTheBapplicationBlayerBinterfacesBdirectlyBtoBandBperformsBcommonBapplicationBservice
sBforBtheBapplicationBprocesses.
LayerB6B-BPresentationBlayerB-
BAnswerTheBpresentationBlayerBrelievesBtheBApplicationBlayerBofBconcernBregardingBsyntactical
BdifferencesBinBdataBrepresentationBwithinBtheBend-
userBsystems.BMIMEBencoding,BdataBcompression,Bencryption,BandBsimilarBmanipulationBofBth
eBpresentationBofBdataBisBdoneBatBthisBlayer.
LayerB5B-BSessionBlayerB-
BAnswerTheBsessionBlayerBprovidesBtheBmechanismBforBmanagingBtheBdialogueBbetweenBend-
userBapplicationBprocessesB(ByBdialogBweBmeanBthatBwhoseBturnBisBitBtoBtransmit).BItBprovid
esBforBeitherBduplexBorBhalf-
duplexBoperation.BThisBlayerBisBresponsibleBforBsettingBupBandBtearingBdownBTCP/IPBsessions.
LayerB4B-BTransportBlayerB-
BAnswerTheBtransportBlayerBisBresponsibleBforBreliableBdataBdelivery.BTheBtransportBlayerBpro
videsBtransparentBtransferBofBdataBbetweenBendBusers,BthusBrelievingBtheBupperBlayersBfrom
BanyBconcernBwithBprovidingBreliableBandBcost-
effectiveBdataBtransfer.BTheBtransportBlayerBcontrolsBtheBreliabilityBofBaBgivenBlink.BTheBtrans
portBlayerBcanBkeepBtrackBofBpacketsBandBretransmitBthoseBthatBfail.BAlsoBaddressesBpacketB
sequencing.BTheBbestBknownBexampleBofBaBlayerB4BprotocolBisBTCP.