Psych 260 SDSU Exam 1 Questions With
Complete Answers
Central Nervous System (CNS) - ANSWER brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - ANSWER the sensory and motor neurons
that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
somatic nervous system - ANSWER consists of the axons conveying messages
from the sense organs to the CNS and from the CNS to the muscles; movement
automonic nervous system - ANSWER controls the heart, intestines, blood
vessels, lungs, sexual response, kidneys, bladder, immune system, secretory
glands; has some of its cell bodies within the brain or spinal cord and some in
clusters along the sides of the spinal cord.
Dorsal - ANSWER toward the back
Ventral - ANSWER Toward the belly
Lateral - ANSWER away from the midline
Medial - ANSWER toward the midline
Superior - ANSWER above another structure
Inferior - ANSWER below another structure
Anterior - ANSWER toward the front
Posterior - ANSWER toward the back
Promixal - ANSWER Closer to the point of attachment
Distal - ANSWER farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment
Ipisilateral - ANSWER two structures both on the same side of the body
Contralateral - ANSWER two structures one of each side of the body
Gyri - ANSWER bulges in the cerebral cortex
, Sulci - ANSWER grooves between gyri
Nerve - ANSWER a set of axons in the periphery, either from the CNS to a muscle
or gland or from a sensory organ to the CNS
Tract - ANSWER A set of axons within the CNS, also known as a projection. If
axons extend from cell bodies in structure A to synapses onto B, we say that the
fibers "project" from A onto B.
Column - ANSWER A set of cells perpendicular to the surface of the cortex, with
similar properties
Lamina - ANSWER A row or layer of cell bodies parallel to the surface of the
cortex, separated from other cell bodies by a layer of axons and dendrites
coronal plane (frontal plane) - ANSWER A plane that shows brain structures as
seen from the front
sagittal plane - ANSWER A plane that shows brain structures as seen from the
side
Horizontal plane (transverse plane) - ANSWER a plane that shows brain
structures as seen from above
Nucleus - ANSWER A cluster of neuron cell bodies within the CNS
ganglion - ANSWER A cluster of neuron cell bodies, usually outside the CNS (as
in the sympathetic nervous system)
Fissures - ANSWER A long, deep sulcus
What is the job of the spinal cord? - ANSWER To communicate with all the sense
organs and muscles except those of the head.
Dorsal roots - ANSWER carry sensory information into the CNS
Ventral roots - ANSWER bundle of motor neuron axons that exit the spinal cord
dorsal root ganglion - ANSWER The cell bodies of the sensory neurons are in
clusters of neurons outside the spinal cord
Gray Matter - ANSWER H-shaped structure located in the center of the spinal
cord and is densely packed with cell bodies and dendrites
White matter - ANSWER contains myelinated axons
Complete Answers
Central Nervous System (CNS) - ANSWER brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - ANSWER the sensory and motor neurons
that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
somatic nervous system - ANSWER consists of the axons conveying messages
from the sense organs to the CNS and from the CNS to the muscles; movement
automonic nervous system - ANSWER controls the heart, intestines, blood
vessels, lungs, sexual response, kidneys, bladder, immune system, secretory
glands; has some of its cell bodies within the brain or spinal cord and some in
clusters along the sides of the spinal cord.
Dorsal - ANSWER toward the back
Ventral - ANSWER Toward the belly
Lateral - ANSWER away from the midline
Medial - ANSWER toward the midline
Superior - ANSWER above another structure
Inferior - ANSWER below another structure
Anterior - ANSWER toward the front
Posterior - ANSWER toward the back
Promixal - ANSWER Closer to the point of attachment
Distal - ANSWER farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment
Ipisilateral - ANSWER two structures both on the same side of the body
Contralateral - ANSWER two structures one of each side of the body
Gyri - ANSWER bulges in the cerebral cortex
, Sulci - ANSWER grooves between gyri
Nerve - ANSWER a set of axons in the periphery, either from the CNS to a muscle
or gland or from a sensory organ to the CNS
Tract - ANSWER A set of axons within the CNS, also known as a projection. If
axons extend from cell bodies in structure A to synapses onto B, we say that the
fibers "project" from A onto B.
Column - ANSWER A set of cells perpendicular to the surface of the cortex, with
similar properties
Lamina - ANSWER A row or layer of cell bodies parallel to the surface of the
cortex, separated from other cell bodies by a layer of axons and dendrites
coronal plane (frontal plane) - ANSWER A plane that shows brain structures as
seen from the front
sagittal plane - ANSWER A plane that shows brain structures as seen from the
side
Horizontal plane (transverse plane) - ANSWER a plane that shows brain
structures as seen from above
Nucleus - ANSWER A cluster of neuron cell bodies within the CNS
ganglion - ANSWER A cluster of neuron cell bodies, usually outside the CNS (as
in the sympathetic nervous system)
Fissures - ANSWER A long, deep sulcus
What is the job of the spinal cord? - ANSWER To communicate with all the sense
organs and muscles except those of the head.
Dorsal roots - ANSWER carry sensory information into the CNS
Ventral roots - ANSWER bundle of motor neuron axons that exit the spinal cord
dorsal root ganglion - ANSWER The cell bodies of the sensory neurons are in
clusters of neurons outside the spinal cord
Gray Matter - ANSWER H-shaped structure located in the center of the spinal
cord and is densely packed with cell bodies and dendrites
White matter - ANSWER contains myelinated axons
