WEB DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATIONS EXAMS
STUDY GUIDE WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
RATIONALES 2026
◉ drop-down menu. Answer: Allows users to select one of several
predefined values. Requires <option>...</option> elements for each
predefined value.
◉ Fieldset. Answer: Groups related form widgets together and
draws a box around the related widgets. The <legend>...</legend>
element defines a caption for a fieldset.
◉ fallback. Answer: A mechanism that allows a web page element to
function correctly even if the browser does not support a particular
element.
◉ polyfill. Answer: A fallback using JavaScript code that makes
certain HTML features work on browsers that do not natively
support those features.
◉ audio element. Answer: HTML5 element that plays an audio file in
a web page.
,◉ Video element. Answer: An HTML5 element that displays a video
in a web page.
◉ iframe. Answer: Allows a web page to be embedded in a
rectangular area of the current web page.
◉ script. Answer: Allows a web page to include executable code,
which the browser assumes to be JavaScript unless indicated
otherwise.
◉ style. Answer: Allows the web page to introduce presentational
directives, usually CSS.
◉ XML. Answer: Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup
language proposed by the W3C. Unlike HTML, it is case sensitive.
◉ XML Tag Formatting. Answer: XML tags follow one of two formats;
elements tag (<city>"Daytona"</city>) or self-closing tags
(<hierarchy title="United States" />).
◉ XML Prolog. Answer: The XML equivalent to the HTML doctype
declaration
, ◉ Selector. Answer: Specifies the HTML elements to which the
specific style rule applies.
◉ Declaration Block. Answer: Part of a CSS rule that contains one or
more declarations separated by semicolons.
◉ Declaration. Answer: A CSS property followed by a colon (:) and
the property value.
◉ Inline Style. Answer: CSS declaration placed inside a HTML tag's
style attribute.
◉ Embedded StyleSheet. Answer: CSS rules placed in an HTML
document's <head>...</head> using a <style>...</style> element.
◉ External Stylesheet. Answer: CSS rules placed in a separate file
(ex. style.css) that is imported into an HTML document with a <link>
element.
◉ Inheritance. Answer: A concept where the style declarations from
a parent element are applied to any child elements.
STUDY GUIDE WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
RATIONALES 2026
◉ drop-down menu. Answer: Allows users to select one of several
predefined values. Requires <option>...</option> elements for each
predefined value.
◉ Fieldset. Answer: Groups related form widgets together and
draws a box around the related widgets. The <legend>...</legend>
element defines a caption for a fieldset.
◉ fallback. Answer: A mechanism that allows a web page element to
function correctly even if the browser does not support a particular
element.
◉ polyfill. Answer: A fallback using JavaScript code that makes
certain HTML features work on browsers that do not natively
support those features.
◉ audio element. Answer: HTML5 element that plays an audio file in
a web page.
,◉ Video element. Answer: An HTML5 element that displays a video
in a web page.
◉ iframe. Answer: Allows a web page to be embedded in a
rectangular area of the current web page.
◉ script. Answer: Allows a web page to include executable code,
which the browser assumes to be JavaScript unless indicated
otherwise.
◉ style. Answer: Allows the web page to introduce presentational
directives, usually CSS.
◉ XML. Answer: Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup
language proposed by the W3C. Unlike HTML, it is case sensitive.
◉ XML Tag Formatting. Answer: XML tags follow one of two formats;
elements tag (<city>"Daytona"</city>) or self-closing tags
(<hierarchy title="United States" />).
◉ XML Prolog. Answer: The XML equivalent to the HTML doctype
declaration
, ◉ Selector. Answer: Specifies the HTML elements to which the
specific style rule applies.
◉ Declaration Block. Answer: Part of a CSS rule that contains one or
more declarations separated by semicolons.
◉ Declaration. Answer: A CSS property followed by a colon (:) and
the property value.
◉ Inline Style. Answer: CSS declaration placed inside a HTML tag's
style attribute.
◉ Embedded StyleSheet. Answer: CSS rules placed in an HTML
document's <head>...</head> using a <style>...</style> element.
◉ External Stylesheet. Answer: CSS rules placed in a separate file
(ex. style.css) that is imported into an HTML document with a <link>
element.
◉ Inheritance. Answer: A concept where the style declarations from
a parent element are applied to any child elements.
