HISTOLOGY EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Tissues - Correct Answers -Consist of cells and extracellular matrix
4 Basic Tissue Types - Correct Answers -Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nervous
Functions of epithelium - Correct Answers -Protection, Containment of body fluids, and
Absorption and secretion.
Where can you find epithelium? - Correct Answers -Epithelium covers body surfaces,
lines cavities, and makes up glands
How can you characterize epithelium? - Correct Answers -Epithelium is characterized
by close cell apposition and location at a free surface
What is epithelium compose of? - Correct Answers -A cell membrane, a nucleus, and
basement membrane.
Simple Squamous - Correct Answers -Single layer of squamous cells
Stratified Squamous - Correct Answers -Several layers of squamous cells
Simple Cuboidal - Correct Answers -Single layer of cube-like cells
Stratified Cuboidal - Correct Answers -Several layers of cube-like cells
Simple Columnar - Correct Answers -Single layer of column-like cells
Stratified Columnar - Correct Answers -Multiple layers of column-like cells
Where is endothelium? - Correct Answers -Lines the vascular system
Where is mesothelium - Correct Answers -Lines the body cavities
Where do you find connective tissue? - Correct Answers -Connective tissue underlies or
surrounds other tissues.
What makes up connective tissue? - Correct Answers -Cells and extracellular matrix
,What is the function of connective tissue? - Correct Answers -Mechanical
reinforcement, Immune surveillance, Transport and diffusion of nutrients and waste, and
Energy storage.
How is connective tissue characterized? - Correct Answers -On the basis of its
extracellular matrix.
What do you find in connective tissue? - Correct Answers -Fibroblast, Nuclei, Elastic
fibers, Collagenous fibers, and Ground substance.
What are the types of muscle tissue? - Correct Answers -Skeletal, Cardiac, and
Smooth.
What are the striated muscles? - Correct Answers -Skeletal and parts of cardiac
The muscular system consists of contractile cells and is responsible for? - Correct
Answers -The movement of body and its parts
What is the purpose of Nerve Tissue? - Correct Answers -Nerve tissue receives,
transmits, and integrates information from outside and inside the body to control the
activities of the body.
Nerve tissue consists of? - Correct Answers -Neurons and various supporting cells such
as Neuroglial, Schwann, and Satellite cells.
What are the 3 embryonic germ layers? - Correct Answers -Ectoderm, Mesoderm, and
Endoderm
Ectoderm gives rise to? - Correct Answers -Brain and nervous system; Neural Crest;
Epidermis and associated structures
Mesoderm gives rise to? - Correct Answers -Notochord; Mesenchyme (Bone and
cartillage, Circulatory system, and Dermis); Somites (Muscles, Excretory system,
Gonads, and outer covering of internal organs.)
Endoderm gives rise to? - Correct Answers -Embryonic Gut: Inner lining of digestive
tract, Inner lining of respiratory tract, and glands (including hepatic and pancreatic)
Which tissue type consists of all three germ layers? - Correct Answers -Epithelium
What are the dimensions of a Red Blood Cell? - Correct Answers -7.8 micrometers in
diameter and 2.6 micrometers thick
1 picometer= - Correct Answers -.01 Angstroms
1 Angstrom= - Correct Answers -0.1 nanometers
, 10 Angstroms = - Correct Answers -1.0 nanometers
1000 nanometers = - Correct Answers -1.0 micrometers
1000 micrometers = - Correct Answers -1.0 millimeters
What are the 4 steps of Tissue preparation? - Correct Answers -Fixation, Embedding,
Sectioning, and Staining
What is the purpose of fixation? - Correct Answers -To stabilize and preserve the tissue.
What are the artifacts of fixation? - Correct Answers -Distortion at the edges; Variation
in consistency of fix; Swelling or shrinking of cells
What fixative is use for Light Microscopy? - Correct Answers -Neutral Buffered Formalin
What is the active ingredient of Neutral buffered Formalin? - Correct Answers -
Formaldehyde
Neutral Buffered Formalin reacts with? - Correct Answers -Amino groups of proteins
What are the disadvantages of Neutral Buffered Formalin? - Correct Answers -It will
lose neutral lipids, small molecules, and carbohydrates
What fixative is used for Electron Microscopy - Correct Answers -Gluteraldehyde and
Osmium Tetroxide
What is the active ingredient in Gluteraldehyde? - Correct Answers -Osmium
What is the mode of action of Gluteraldehyde? - Correct Answers -The heavy metal
binds to phospholipids
What is the disadvantage of using gluteraldehyde? - Correct Answers -It requires
expertise and expensive equipment.
What is the purpose of embedding? - Correct Answers -To convert tissue into a solid
form that can be sliced.
What are the mediums used in Embedding? - Correct Answers -Paraffin, OCT, and
Resin
What is the procedure for Embedding? - Correct Answers -Wash, dehydrate in alcohol,
clear in organic solvent, and infiltrate with melted paraffin.
ANSWERS
Tissues - Correct Answers -Consist of cells and extracellular matrix
4 Basic Tissue Types - Correct Answers -Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nervous
Functions of epithelium - Correct Answers -Protection, Containment of body fluids, and
Absorption and secretion.
Where can you find epithelium? - Correct Answers -Epithelium covers body surfaces,
lines cavities, and makes up glands
How can you characterize epithelium? - Correct Answers -Epithelium is characterized
by close cell apposition and location at a free surface
What is epithelium compose of? - Correct Answers -A cell membrane, a nucleus, and
basement membrane.
Simple Squamous - Correct Answers -Single layer of squamous cells
Stratified Squamous - Correct Answers -Several layers of squamous cells
Simple Cuboidal - Correct Answers -Single layer of cube-like cells
Stratified Cuboidal - Correct Answers -Several layers of cube-like cells
Simple Columnar - Correct Answers -Single layer of column-like cells
Stratified Columnar - Correct Answers -Multiple layers of column-like cells
Where is endothelium? - Correct Answers -Lines the vascular system
Where is mesothelium - Correct Answers -Lines the body cavities
Where do you find connective tissue? - Correct Answers -Connective tissue underlies or
surrounds other tissues.
What makes up connective tissue? - Correct Answers -Cells and extracellular matrix
,What is the function of connective tissue? - Correct Answers -Mechanical
reinforcement, Immune surveillance, Transport and diffusion of nutrients and waste, and
Energy storage.
How is connective tissue characterized? - Correct Answers -On the basis of its
extracellular matrix.
What do you find in connective tissue? - Correct Answers -Fibroblast, Nuclei, Elastic
fibers, Collagenous fibers, and Ground substance.
What are the types of muscle tissue? - Correct Answers -Skeletal, Cardiac, and
Smooth.
What are the striated muscles? - Correct Answers -Skeletal and parts of cardiac
The muscular system consists of contractile cells and is responsible for? - Correct
Answers -The movement of body and its parts
What is the purpose of Nerve Tissue? - Correct Answers -Nerve tissue receives,
transmits, and integrates information from outside and inside the body to control the
activities of the body.
Nerve tissue consists of? - Correct Answers -Neurons and various supporting cells such
as Neuroglial, Schwann, and Satellite cells.
What are the 3 embryonic germ layers? - Correct Answers -Ectoderm, Mesoderm, and
Endoderm
Ectoderm gives rise to? - Correct Answers -Brain and nervous system; Neural Crest;
Epidermis and associated structures
Mesoderm gives rise to? - Correct Answers -Notochord; Mesenchyme (Bone and
cartillage, Circulatory system, and Dermis); Somites (Muscles, Excretory system,
Gonads, and outer covering of internal organs.)
Endoderm gives rise to? - Correct Answers -Embryonic Gut: Inner lining of digestive
tract, Inner lining of respiratory tract, and glands (including hepatic and pancreatic)
Which tissue type consists of all three germ layers? - Correct Answers -Epithelium
What are the dimensions of a Red Blood Cell? - Correct Answers -7.8 micrometers in
diameter and 2.6 micrometers thick
1 picometer= - Correct Answers -.01 Angstroms
1 Angstrom= - Correct Answers -0.1 nanometers
, 10 Angstroms = - Correct Answers -1.0 nanometers
1000 nanometers = - Correct Answers -1.0 micrometers
1000 micrometers = - Correct Answers -1.0 millimeters
What are the 4 steps of Tissue preparation? - Correct Answers -Fixation, Embedding,
Sectioning, and Staining
What is the purpose of fixation? - Correct Answers -To stabilize and preserve the tissue.
What are the artifacts of fixation? - Correct Answers -Distortion at the edges; Variation
in consistency of fix; Swelling or shrinking of cells
What fixative is use for Light Microscopy? - Correct Answers -Neutral Buffered Formalin
What is the active ingredient of Neutral buffered Formalin? - Correct Answers -
Formaldehyde
Neutral Buffered Formalin reacts with? - Correct Answers -Amino groups of proteins
What are the disadvantages of Neutral Buffered Formalin? - Correct Answers -It will
lose neutral lipids, small molecules, and carbohydrates
What fixative is used for Electron Microscopy - Correct Answers -Gluteraldehyde and
Osmium Tetroxide
What is the active ingredient in Gluteraldehyde? - Correct Answers -Osmium
What is the mode of action of Gluteraldehyde? - Correct Answers -The heavy metal
binds to phospholipids
What is the disadvantage of using gluteraldehyde? - Correct Answers -It requires
expertise and expensive equipment.
What is the purpose of embedding? - Correct Answers -To convert tissue into a solid
form that can be sliced.
What are the mediums used in Embedding? - Correct Answers -Paraffin, OCT, and
Resin
What is the procedure for Embedding? - Correct Answers -Wash, dehydrate in alcohol,
clear in organic solvent, and infiltrate with melted paraffin.
