NURS 623 ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ What are S/S of hypogylcemia?.
Answer: diaphoresis, tachycardia, hunger, shakiness, AMS (inability to
concentrate to coma, slurred speech, seizure
◍ What is the follow-up schedule for Graves' Disease..
Answer: Follow-up in 6 wks, 12 weeks, and, if TSH and FT4 are stable, 6
months. If thyroid tests remain stable, then may follow up annually.
◍ What is a potential complication of steroid use in a patient with impaired
integrity of bone structure?.
Answer: Increased risk of fx
◍ Main cause of hypercalcemia?.
Answer: hyperparathyroidism
◍ What test must be done to rule out malignancy in the suspicion of thyroid
cancer?.
Answer: fine needle biopsy
◍ What is the typical presentation of gout?.
Answer: excruciating pain that often awakens the person at night, joint is
usually warm or hot to touch, pain with palpation and ROM maybe limited
◍ How do you respond to patients who would like to incorporate
non-traditional therapies for treament?.
Answer: Educate on efficacy of other treatments, but ultimately allow them
and support them on their own decision as long as the cessation of
pharmacological intervention is not detrimental.
◍ After initiation of thyroid replacement therapy like synthroid for
hypothyroidism how often should you check TSH levels?.
, Answer: every4-8 weeks
◍ ACE inhibitors are given to patients who have diabetes with persistent?.
Answer: proteinuria
◍ In a patient who is elderly and falls, but there is no clear cause of falls, what
should your workup center around?.
Answer: Cardiac and neurologic causes
◍ Adult hypoglycemia is characterized by a blood glucose of less than.
Answer: 55
◍ When are corticosteroids contraindicated in gout?.
Answer: in septic conditions, must draw a synovial aspirate to test fluid
◍ Define hyperthyroidism?.
Answer: excessive secretion and synthesis of one or both of the thyroid
hormones T4 and T3
◍ Thyrotoxicosis causes and S/S.
Answer: enlarged thyroid, nodules palpable , bruit heard over thyroid gland
with bell, tachycardia, systolic murmurs
◍ What is the most common cause of hypothroidism worldwide? and the most
common in the US?.
Answer: worldwide: iodine; US: autoimmune (hashimotos thyroiditis)
◍ most common type of thyroid cancer ?.
Answer: papillary
◍ What is some patient education that we can teach our patient with non
diabetic related hypoglycemia?.
Answer: *eat 5-6 small meals daily*balance meals with carbs proteins and
fats* carry raw seeds and nuts mixed with dry fruit
◍ Signs and symptoms of DKA.
Answer: Kussmaul respirations (very deep), hypergylcemia, glucosuria,
polyuria, polydipsia, anorexia and headache, keytonuria, decreased blood
pH
, ◍ What is a carpopedal spasm and what is it a sign of?.
Answer: violent, painful contraction of the hands or feet; neuromuscular
sign indicating hypocalcemia
◍ In elderly patients, what factors can contribute to loss of appetite and
malnourishment?.
Answer: Diminished taste/smell/vision, dry mouth, poor dentation, chronic
illness, meds, pain, depression, loneliness, etc.
◍ In hypothyroidism what causes the goiter?.
Answer: when T4 production is inadequate the thyroid gland enlarges due to
increasing levels of pituitary TSH; hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the
thyroid glad
◍ What are some classic findings in an x-ray of an affected joint with gout.
Answer: tophi, normal mineralization of bone, joint space preservation,
asymmetric polyarticular distribution, overhanging edge cortex and punched
out erosion of bone
◍ When there is large joint involvement with gout what symptoms might you
see?.
Answer: elevated temp, tachycardia, malaise, headache and chills
◍ What does FAST mean when assessing for s/s of stroke.
Answer: Face, Arms, Speech, Time
◍ DM1 is characterized by.
Answer: *a severe insulin deficiency resulting from beta cell destruction and
producing hyperglycemia*reduction or absence of functioning beta cells in
the pancreatic islets of Langerhans
◍ What is the gold standard test for dx osteoporosis?.
Answer: DEXA or DXA: Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
◍ When treating a patient for hypothyroidism with thyroid replacement
medications who are older or have a history of CAD what are the dose
adjustments that should be made and how often should you increase the
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ What are S/S of hypogylcemia?.
Answer: diaphoresis, tachycardia, hunger, shakiness, AMS (inability to
concentrate to coma, slurred speech, seizure
◍ What is the follow-up schedule for Graves' Disease..
Answer: Follow-up in 6 wks, 12 weeks, and, if TSH and FT4 are stable, 6
months. If thyroid tests remain stable, then may follow up annually.
◍ What is a potential complication of steroid use in a patient with impaired
integrity of bone structure?.
Answer: Increased risk of fx
◍ Main cause of hypercalcemia?.
Answer: hyperparathyroidism
◍ What test must be done to rule out malignancy in the suspicion of thyroid
cancer?.
Answer: fine needle biopsy
◍ What is the typical presentation of gout?.
Answer: excruciating pain that often awakens the person at night, joint is
usually warm or hot to touch, pain with palpation and ROM maybe limited
◍ How do you respond to patients who would like to incorporate
non-traditional therapies for treament?.
Answer: Educate on efficacy of other treatments, but ultimately allow them
and support them on their own decision as long as the cessation of
pharmacological intervention is not detrimental.
◍ After initiation of thyroid replacement therapy like synthroid for
hypothyroidism how often should you check TSH levels?.
, Answer: every4-8 weeks
◍ ACE inhibitors are given to patients who have diabetes with persistent?.
Answer: proteinuria
◍ In a patient who is elderly and falls, but there is no clear cause of falls, what
should your workup center around?.
Answer: Cardiac and neurologic causes
◍ Adult hypoglycemia is characterized by a blood glucose of less than.
Answer: 55
◍ When are corticosteroids contraindicated in gout?.
Answer: in septic conditions, must draw a synovial aspirate to test fluid
◍ Define hyperthyroidism?.
Answer: excessive secretion and synthesis of one or both of the thyroid
hormones T4 and T3
◍ Thyrotoxicosis causes and S/S.
Answer: enlarged thyroid, nodules palpable , bruit heard over thyroid gland
with bell, tachycardia, systolic murmurs
◍ What is the most common cause of hypothroidism worldwide? and the most
common in the US?.
Answer: worldwide: iodine; US: autoimmune (hashimotos thyroiditis)
◍ most common type of thyroid cancer ?.
Answer: papillary
◍ What is some patient education that we can teach our patient with non
diabetic related hypoglycemia?.
Answer: *eat 5-6 small meals daily*balance meals with carbs proteins and
fats* carry raw seeds and nuts mixed with dry fruit
◍ Signs and symptoms of DKA.
Answer: Kussmaul respirations (very deep), hypergylcemia, glucosuria,
polyuria, polydipsia, anorexia and headache, keytonuria, decreased blood
pH
, ◍ What is a carpopedal spasm and what is it a sign of?.
Answer: violent, painful contraction of the hands or feet; neuromuscular
sign indicating hypocalcemia
◍ In elderly patients, what factors can contribute to loss of appetite and
malnourishment?.
Answer: Diminished taste/smell/vision, dry mouth, poor dentation, chronic
illness, meds, pain, depression, loneliness, etc.
◍ In hypothyroidism what causes the goiter?.
Answer: when T4 production is inadequate the thyroid gland enlarges due to
increasing levels of pituitary TSH; hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the
thyroid glad
◍ What are some classic findings in an x-ray of an affected joint with gout.
Answer: tophi, normal mineralization of bone, joint space preservation,
asymmetric polyarticular distribution, overhanging edge cortex and punched
out erosion of bone
◍ When there is large joint involvement with gout what symptoms might you
see?.
Answer: elevated temp, tachycardia, malaise, headache and chills
◍ What does FAST mean when assessing for s/s of stroke.
Answer: Face, Arms, Speech, Time
◍ DM1 is characterized by.
Answer: *a severe insulin deficiency resulting from beta cell destruction and
producing hyperglycemia*reduction or absence of functioning beta cells in
the pancreatic islets of Langerhans
◍ What is the gold standard test for dx osteoporosis?.
Answer: DEXA or DXA: Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
◍ When treating a patient for hypothyroidism with thyroid replacement
medications who are older or have a history of CAD what are the dose
adjustments that should be made and how often should you increase the
