BIO 106 FINAL (SEED PLANTS, PLANT
REPRODUCTION AND PHYSIOLOGY)
EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS
When did seed plants evolve? - Correct Answer ✔✔ 365 million years ago in the
DEVONIAN
What are gymnosperms? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Naked seeds that are not enclosed in
an ovary or fruit
Gymnosperms have two types of .. - Correct Answer ✔✔ Cones
What are the two types of cones gymnosperms have? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Male cones
and female cones (also called strobili)
What are the characteristics of male cones in gymnosperms? - Correct Answer ✔✔
They are small(microstrobili), produce POLLEN GRAINS which are male gametophytes
Are male cones in gymnosperms short or long lived ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Short lived
usually
What are the characteristics of female cones in gymnosperms? - Correct Answer ✔✔
They are larger(megastrobili) that contain ovules which develop into seeds after
fertilization
Are female cones in gymnosperms short or long lived? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Long lived
How do gymnosperms reproduce? - Correct Answer ✔✔ they produce seeds in cones
What are some examples of gymnosperms? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Conifers (which are
pines), Spruces (which are needle-like leaves), pine trees, cycads
What are angiosperms? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Plants which their seeds are enclosed in
fruit (ovary) that reproduce flowers
What's the difference between reproduction in angiosperms and gymnosperms? -
Correct Answer ✔✔ Gymnosperms are plants that produce NAKED seeds, and are not
enclosed, dont produce flowers and go through single fertilization.
, Angiosperms are plants that produce seeds enclosed in fruit (Ovary) and have flowers
instead of cones. They go through double fertilization.
What's the reproductive structure for angiosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Flowers
What's the reproductive structure for gymnosperms? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Cones
What's the ovule location for gymnosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Exposed, they're
not enclosed
What's the ovule location for angiosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Enclosed in ovary
What's the fertilization type for gymnosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Single fertilization
What's the fertilization type for angiosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Double fertilization
What's the pollination method for gymnosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Mostly wind
What's the pollination method for angiosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Often animals
and wind too
What's the nutrition for the embryo in angiosperms - Correct Answer ✔✔ Triploid
endosperm (3n)
What's the nutrition for the embryo for gymnosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Female
gametophyte tissue
Why do gymnosperms go through single fertilization? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Because
the food (female gametophyte tissue) is already made before fertilization. And only one
sperm is needed
Why do angiosperms go through double fertilization? - Correct Answer ✔✔ So they only
make food (endosperm) after fertilization happens. They need two sperm cells
Why is angiosperms double fertilization advanced ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Because it
saves energy. The plant doesn't waste effort making food unless it knows the egg has
been fertilized
Angiosperms are _____ plants - Correct Answer ✔✔ Flowering
Angiosperms are part of how many phylum's? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Only a SINGLE
phylum, meaning they're not divided into multiple large group phyla
Gymnosperms are part of how many phylum's? - Correct Answer ✔✔ 4 distinct phyla
(major plant lineages)
REPRODUCTION AND PHYSIOLOGY)
EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS
When did seed plants evolve? - Correct Answer ✔✔ 365 million years ago in the
DEVONIAN
What are gymnosperms? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Naked seeds that are not enclosed in
an ovary or fruit
Gymnosperms have two types of .. - Correct Answer ✔✔ Cones
What are the two types of cones gymnosperms have? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Male cones
and female cones (also called strobili)
What are the characteristics of male cones in gymnosperms? - Correct Answer ✔✔
They are small(microstrobili), produce POLLEN GRAINS which are male gametophytes
Are male cones in gymnosperms short or long lived ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Short lived
usually
What are the characteristics of female cones in gymnosperms? - Correct Answer ✔✔
They are larger(megastrobili) that contain ovules which develop into seeds after
fertilization
Are female cones in gymnosperms short or long lived? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Long lived
How do gymnosperms reproduce? - Correct Answer ✔✔ they produce seeds in cones
What are some examples of gymnosperms? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Conifers (which are
pines), Spruces (which are needle-like leaves), pine trees, cycads
What are angiosperms? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Plants which their seeds are enclosed in
fruit (ovary) that reproduce flowers
What's the difference between reproduction in angiosperms and gymnosperms? -
Correct Answer ✔✔ Gymnosperms are plants that produce NAKED seeds, and are not
enclosed, dont produce flowers and go through single fertilization.
, Angiosperms are plants that produce seeds enclosed in fruit (Ovary) and have flowers
instead of cones. They go through double fertilization.
What's the reproductive structure for angiosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Flowers
What's the reproductive structure for gymnosperms? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Cones
What's the ovule location for gymnosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Exposed, they're
not enclosed
What's the ovule location for angiosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Enclosed in ovary
What's the fertilization type for gymnosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Single fertilization
What's the fertilization type for angiosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Double fertilization
What's the pollination method for gymnosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Mostly wind
What's the pollination method for angiosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Often animals
and wind too
What's the nutrition for the embryo in angiosperms - Correct Answer ✔✔ Triploid
endosperm (3n)
What's the nutrition for the embryo for gymnosperms ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Female
gametophyte tissue
Why do gymnosperms go through single fertilization? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Because
the food (female gametophyte tissue) is already made before fertilization. And only one
sperm is needed
Why do angiosperms go through double fertilization? - Correct Answer ✔✔ So they only
make food (endosperm) after fertilization happens. They need two sperm cells
Why is angiosperms double fertilization advanced ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Because it
saves energy. The plant doesn't waste effort making food unless it knows the egg has
been fertilized
Angiosperms are _____ plants - Correct Answer ✔✔ Flowering
Angiosperms are part of how many phylum's? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Only a SINGLE
phylum, meaning they're not divided into multiple large group phyla
Gymnosperms are part of how many phylum's? - Correct Answer ✔✔ 4 distinct phyla
(major plant lineages)
