,Table of Contents
Chapter 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Chapter 3 ................................................................................................... 9
Chapter 4 ................................................................................................... 18
Chapter 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Chapter 6 ...................... .
...
..... .
.............................................................. 41
Chapter 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.. . . . . ..
................................................................ 59
Chapter 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.......... 69
Chapter
. . . . . . . . . .10
.................................... 80
Chapter 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Chapter 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Chapter 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Chapter
. . . . . . . . .14
.................................... 121
,Chapter 2. Properties of Indoor Air Contaminants
Problem 2
Given: Dust mass concentration in an confmement building ~ 2 . mg/m3,
8 dp=2.5 pin,
p,=2,000kg/m3,
Find: Particle concentration in ~articles/l,particles/ml, and particles/ft3
Solution:
Single particle volume is,
Single particle mass is,
m, =P,XV,
~ 2 0 0 0(kg/m3)x8.18x10"" (m3/particle)
= l . 6 3 6 ~ 1 0 -(kg/particle)
'~
Dust mass concentration,
C,,=2.8 img/m3 =2.8~10-'kg/rn3,
Then the dust count concenuation can be calculated using eq. (2-2):
Problem 3
Given: Dust count concentration ~ 3 2 , 8 0 0partilces/ft3, p,=1,000 kg/m3, d,=0.5 pin
Find: Dust concentration in mg/m3
Solution:
Single particle volume,
~ 6 . 5 4 X5 1o'~'(m3/particle)
1 3
V,= - d,
6
Single particle mass,
mp=ppxT<=1000 (kg/m3) X 6.545 X 10-l8(m3/particle)
~ 6 . 5 4 X5 10-" (kg/particle)
Dust count concentration,
Cp,,=32,800particles/f? =1,158,192.09 particles/m3
From eq. (2-2)
, we can get, dust mass concentration,
Cp,,,=Cp,~mp=l . 1 5 8 ~O
1~arti~les/m~)~6.54 5~10~~~
(kg/particle)
= 7 . 5 8 ~ ~ 1 0kg/m3
-"
= 7 . 5 8 ~ 1 0mg/m3
-~
Problem 4
Given: p,= 1,000 kg/m3, spherical particles
Find: a) What is the surface area per gram of particles in terms of paxticle diameter.
b) Total surface area of 1 g of 0.1-pm particles.
Solution:
Surface area of a single spherical particle
2
A,= z d ,
Volume of a single particle,
Therefore,
M 0.001
a) The total number of one gram particle is N= -=
mr pPndp3 16
The surface area of the same amount of particles is
6X 10-~
b) Total surface area of 1g of 0.1-pm particles= =60 (m')
0.1 x 1 0 - ~
Problem 5
Given: The weighted average (TWA) threshold limt for a particular contaminant is the value at or
below whch a human worker can be exposed to 40 hours per week without causing health
problems. One suggested TWA value of respirable particles for biological systems is less
than 0.23 mg/m3. If the particles are spherical and have an equivalent volume dameter of
1.2pm, and the particle density is 1,500 kg/m3.
Find: The TWA value in particle number concentration?
Solution:
Volume of a single particle