EMT Basic Exam 3
1. Weakening of the airway in patients with chronic bronchitis is the result of:
A) acute constriction of the bronchioles caused by an external irritant.
B) airway irritation caused by a marked decrease in mucus production.
C) loss of the lubricating substance that facilitates alveolar expansion.
D) destruction of protective mechanisms that remove foreign particles. ANSWER: D
destruction of protective mechanisms that remove foreign particles.
2. Which of the following MOST accurately describes septic shock?
A) viral infection of the blood vessels, vascular damage, andvasoconstriction
B) bacterial damage to the vessel wall, leaking blood vessels, andvasodilation
C) widespread vasoconstriction and plasma loss due to a severeviral infection
D) bacterial infection of the nervous system with widespread
vasodilation ANSWER: B bacterial damage to the vessel wall, leaking blood vessels, and
vasodilation
3. Which of the following statements regarding anaphylactic shock is MOSTcorrect?
A) Sensitized people will experience less severe reactions uponsubsequent
exposure.
B) Each subsequent exposure following sensitization often producesa more severe
reaction.
C) Anaphylactic shock is the result of immune system failure due to atoxic exposure.
D) Anaphylactic shock occurs immediately after a person is sensitized
to an allergen. ANSWER: B Each subsequent exposure following sensitization often pro-duces a
more severe reaction.
,4. What is most likely to cause cardiogenic shock?
A) Heart Attack
B) Poor Contractility
C) Increased preload
D) Increased afterload ANSWER: D Increased afterload
5. When treating an 80-year-old patient who is in shock, it is important toremember that:
A) compensation from the respiratory system usually manifests withincreased tidal
volume.
B) changes in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying, whichincreases the
risk for vomiting.
C) medications older patients take for hypertension often cause an
,unusually fast heart rate.
D) the older patient's central nervous system usually reacts more
briskly to compensate for shock. ANSWER: B changes in gastric motility may delay gastricemptying,
which
increases the risk for vomiting.
6. Pulmonary edema can cause what kind of shock?
A) Neurogenic Shock
B) Hypovolemic Shock
C) Cardiogenic Shock
D) Obstructive Shock ANSWER: C Cardiogenic Shock
7. Where does gas exchange happen in your lungs?
A) lung sac
B) arteries
C) veins
D) alveoli ANSWER: D alveoli
8. Where does gas exchange happen in your toes?
A) arterioles
B) venules
C) capillaries
D) lungs ANSWER: C capillaries
9. Where is the epiglottis located?'
A) Pharynx
B) Esophagus
C) Trachea
, D) Larynx ANSWER: D Larynx
10. What is the bottom cartilage of the larynx?
A) Cricoid Cartilage
B) Thyroid Cartilage
C) Costal Cartilage
D) Hyaline Cartilage ANSWER: A Cricoid Cartilage
11. What is ventilation?
A) Exchange of gas between the body and the environment
B) Exchange of air between the lungs and the environment ANSWER: B Exchange of airbetween
the lungs and the environment
12. Inhalation occurs when the:
A) diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax and cause an increase inintrathoracic
pressure.
B) diaphragm and intercostal muscles ascend and cause an increasein intrathoracic
pressure.
1. Weakening of the airway in patients with chronic bronchitis is the result of:
A) acute constriction of the bronchioles caused by an external irritant.
B) airway irritation caused by a marked decrease in mucus production.
C) loss of the lubricating substance that facilitates alveolar expansion.
D) destruction of protective mechanisms that remove foreign particles. ANSWER: D
destruction of protective mechanisms that remove foreign particles.
2. Which of the following MOST accurately describes septic shock?
A) viral infection of the blood vessels, vascular damage, andvasoconstriction
B) bacterial damage to the vessel wall, leaking blood vessels, andvasodilation
C) widespread vasoconstriction and plasma loss due to a severeviral infection
D) bacterial infection of the nervous system with widespread
vasodilation ANSWER: B bacterial damage to the vessel wall, leaking blood vessels, and
vasodilation
3. Which of the following statements regarding anaphylactic shock is MOSTcorrect?
A) Sensitized people will experience less severe reactions uponsubsequent
exposure.
B) Each subsequent exposure following sensitization often producesa more severe
reaction.
C) Anaphylactic shock is the result of immune system failure due to atoxic exposure.
D) Anaphylactic shock occurs immediately after a person is sensitized
to an allergen. ANSWER: B Each subsequent exposure following sensitization often pro-duces a
more severe reaction.
,4. What is most likely to cause cardiogenic shock?
A) Heart Attack
B) Poor Contractility
C) Increased preload
D) Increased afterload ANSWER: D Increased afterload
5. When treating an 80-year-old patient who is in shock, it is important toremember that:
A) compensation from the respiratory system usually manifests withincreased tidal
volume.
B) changes in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying, whichincreases the
risk for vomiting.
C) medications older patients take for hypertension often cause an
,unusually fast heart rate.
D) the older patient's central nervous system usually reacts more
briskly to compensate for shock. ANSWER: B changes in gastric motility may delay gastricemptying,
which
increases the risk for vomiting.
6. Pulmonary edema can cause what kind of shock?
A) Neurogenic Shock
B) Hypovolemic Shock
C) Cardiogenic Shock
D) Obstructive Shock ANSWER: C Cardiogenic Shock
7. Where does gas exchange happen in your lungs?
A) lung sac
B) arteries
C) veins
D) alveoli ANSWER: D alveoli
8. Where does gas exchange happen in your toes?
A) arterioles
B) venules
C) capillaries
D) lungs ANSWER: C capillaries
9. Where is the epiglottis located?'
A) Pharynx
B) Esophagus
C) Trachea
, D) Larynx ANSWER: D Larynx
10. What is the bottom cartilage of the larynx?
A) Cricoid Cartilage
B) Thyroid Cartilage
C) Costal Cartilage
D) Hyaline Cartilage ANSWER: A Cricoid Cartilage
11. What is ventilation?
A) Exchange of gas between the body and the environment
B) Exchange of air between the lungs and the environment ANSWER: B Exchange of airbetween
the lungs and the environment
12. Inhalation occurs when the:
A) diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax and cause an increase inintrathoracic
pressure.
B) diaphragm and intercostal muscles ascend and cause an increasein intrathoracic
pressure.
