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BIOL 319 Dr. Cohn - Exam 1 Questions and Answers 100% verified 2026

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BIOL 319 Dr. Cohn - Exam 1 Questions and Answers 100% verified 2026

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BIOL 319 Dr. Cohn - Exam 1
Questions and Answers 100%
verified 2026
atomMofMcarbonM-
MAnswerMsmallestMparticleMofManMelementMthatMhasMtheMchemicalMcharacteristicsMofMt
hatMelement



elementMofMcarbonM-
MAnswerMsimplestMtypeMofMmatter,MhavingMuniqueMchemicalMproperties



atomicMnumberM-
MAnswerMequalMtoMtheMnumberMofMprotonsMinMeachMatomM(andMthereforeMequalMto
MtheMnumberMofMelectronsMasMwell)



atomicMmassM-
MAnswerMaverageMmassMofMitsMnaturalMoccurringMisotopes,MtakingMintoMaccountMtheMr
elativeMabundanceMofMeachMisotope



octetMruleM-
MAnswerMtheMtendencyMofMatomsMtoMcombineMwithMotherMatomsMuntilMeachMhasM8M
electronsM(2MelectronsMforMhydrogen)MinMitsMvalenceMshell



valenceMshellM-MAnswerMoutermostMelectronMshell



atomsMcanMachieveManMoctetMby:M-
MAnswerMtransferringMelectronsMbetweenMatomsMORMsharingMelectronsMbetweenMatoms



electronegativityM-MAnswerMabilityMofManMatom'sMnucleusMtoMattractMelectrons



electronegativityMtrendM-MAnswerMincreasesMLMtoMR,MbottomMtoMtop



atomsMthatMhaveMtheMsameMorMsimilarMelectronegativityM-
MAnswerMshareMelectronsM(covalentMbonds)

,atomsMthatMhaveMveryMdifferentMelectronegativityM-
MAnswerMtransferMelectronsM(ionicMbonds)



non-polarMcovalentMbondsM-MAnswerMH-H,MC-C,MO-O,MC-H



polarMcovalentMbondsM-MAnswerMN-H,MO-H



moleculeM-
MAnswerMcomposedMofMtwoMorMmoreMatomsMchemicallyMcombinedMtoMformMaMstructu
reMthatMbehavesMasManMindependentMunit



compoundM-
MAnswerMaMsubstanceMresultingMfromMtheMchemicalMcombinationMofMtwoMorMmoreMdif
ferentMtypesMofMatoms



isMmonatomicMgasMargonM(Ar)ManMatom,Mmolecule,Mand/orMcompound?M-
MAnswerMatom



isMdiatomicMgasM(O2)ManMatom,Mmolecule,Mand/orMcompound?M-MAnswerMmolecule



isMPO4^-3ManMatom,Mmolecule,Mand/orMcompound?M-MAnswerMmoleculeMandMcompound



isMCH4ManMatom,Mmolecule,Mand/orMcompound?M-MAnswerMmoleculeMandMcompound



hydrogenMbondM-
MAnswerMattractionMofMoppositelyMchargedMendsMofMoneMpolarMmoleculeMtoManotherM
polarMmoleculeMholdsMmoleculesMorMpartsMofMmoleculesMtogether



bondMstrengthM-MAnswerMcovalent>ionic>hydrogen



whyMareMhydrogenMbondsMimportant?M-
MAnswerMhydrogenMbondsMorganizeMtheMwaterMmoleculesMintoMaMlattice,MwhichMholds
MtheMwaterMmoleculesMtogether.MresponsibleMforMcohesionM(attractionMofMwaterMtoMan
otherMwaterMmolecule),MadhesionM(attractionMofMwaterMtoMotherMmolecules

, divalentMNaClMmoleculesMexistMhow?M-
MAnswerMorganizedMarrayMofMindividualMNa+MandMindividualMCl-
MinMwhichMeachMchargedMionMisMsurroundedMbyMseveralMionsMofMtheMoppositeMcharge



intramolecularMbondsM-MAnswerMionic,Mcovalent



intermolecularMbondsM-MAnswerMhydrogen



synthesisMreactionsMareM______Mreactions.M

generallyMthisMmeansMforMaMgivenMsynthesisMreaction,MaMmoleculeMofM______MisMlost.
M-MAnswerManabolism;Mwater



inMtermsMofMmetabolism,MdecompositionMreactionsMareM______Mreactions.M

generallyMthisMmeansMforMaMdecompositionMreaction,MaMmoleculeMofMwaterMisMgained.
M-MAnswerMcatabolism



whatMisManatomy?MwhatMisMaMgoodMoneMwordMdefinition?M-
MAnswerMbodyMstructureM(it'sMshape,Msize,MwhatMit'sMmadeMof,MhowMitMconnectsMtoM
otherMparts);Mform



whatMisMphysiology?MwhatMisMaMgoodMoneMwordMdefinition?M-
MAnswerMscientificMstudyMofMtheMfunctionMofMtheMbody;Mfunction



howMareManatomyMandMphysiologyMlinked?McanMyouMstudyMthemMtogether?Mseparately?
M-
MAnswerMstructureMandMformMdeterminesMfunctionMsoMtheyMshouldMbeMstudiedMtogeth
er



whatMdoesMsystemicMmean?M-
MAnswerMsystemsMofMgroupedM(oftenMphysicallyMlinked)Morgans;MstructuresMbasedMonMs
tructure/functionM(skeletal,Mmuscular,Metc)



whatMdoesMregionallyMmean?M-
MAnswerMallMsystemsMinMaMspecificMareaMaddressedMregionMbyMregionM(head,Mneck,Mt
horax,Metc)

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