BIOL 319 Dr. Cohn - Exam 1
Questions and Answers 100%
verified 2026
atomMofMcarbonM-
MAnswerMsmallestMparticleMofManMelementMthatMhasMtheMchemicalMcharacteristicsMofMt
hatMelement
elementMofMcarbonM-
MAnswerMsimplestMtypeMofMmatter,MhavingMuniqueMchemicalMproperties
atomicMnumberM-
MAnswerMequalMtoMtheMnumberMofMprotonsMinMeachMatomM(andMthereforeMequalMto
MtheMnumberMofMelectronsMasMwell)
atomicMmassM-
MAnswerMaverageMmassMofMitsMnaturalMoccurringMisotopes,MtakingMintoMaccountMtheMr
elativeMabundanceMofMeachMisotope
octetMruleM-
MAnswerMtheMtendencyMofMatomsMtoMcombineMwithMotherMatomsMuntilMeachMhasM8M
electronsM(2MelectronsMforMhydrogen)MinMitsMvalenceMshell
valenceMshellM-MAnswerMoutermostMelectronMshell
atomsMcanMachieveManMoctetMby:M-
MAnswerMtransferringMelectronsMbetweenMatomsMORMsharingMelectronsMbetweenMatoms
electronegativityM-MAnswerMabilityMofManMatom'sMnucleusMtoMattractMelectrons
electronegativityMtrendM-MAnswerMincreasesMLMtoMR,MbottomMtoMtop
atomsMthatMhaveMtheMsameMorMsimilarMelectronegativityM-
MAnswerMshareMelectronsM(covalentMbonds)
,atomsMthatMhaveMveryMdifferentMelectronegativityM-
MAnswerMtransferMelectronsM(ionicMbonds)
non-polarMcovalentMbondsM-MAnswerMH-H,MC-C,MO-O,MC-H
polarMcovalentMbondsM-MAnswerMN-H,MO-H
moleculeM-
MAnswerMcomposedMofMtwoMorMmoreMatomsMchemicallyMcombinedMtoMformMaMstructu
reMthatMbehavesMasManMindependentMunit
compoundM-
MAnswerMaMsubstanceMresultingMfromMtheMchemicalMcombinationMofMtwoMorMmoreMdif
ferentMtypesMofMatoms
isMmonatomicMgasMargonM(Ar)ManMatom,Mmolecule,Mand/orMcompound?M-
MAnswerMatom
isMdiatomicMgasM(O2)ManMatom,Mmolecule,Mand/orMcompound?M-MAnswerMmolecule
isMPO4^-3ManMatom,Mmolecule,Mand/orMcompound?M-MAnswerMmoleculeMandMcompound
isMCH4ManMatom,Mmolecule,Mand/orMcompound?M-MAnswerMmoleculeMandMcompound
hydrogenMbondM-
MAnswerMattractionMofMoppositelyMchargedMendsMofMoneMpolarMmoleculeMtoManotherM
polarMmoleculeMholdsMmoleculesMorMpartsMofMmoleculesMtogether
bondMstrengthM-MAnswerMcovalent>ionic>hydrogen
whyMareMhydrogenMbondsMimportant?M-
MAnswerMhydrogenMbondsMorganizeMtheMwaterMmoleculesMintoMaMlattice,MwhichMholds
MtheMwaterMmoleculesMtogether.MresponsibleMforMcohesionM(attractionMofMwaterMtoMan
otherMwaterMmolecule),MadhesionM(attractionMofMwaterMtoMotherMmolecules
, divalentMNaClMmoleculesMexistMhow?M-
MAnswerMorganizedMarrayMofMindividualMNa+MandMindividualMCl-
MinMwhichMeachMchargedMionMisMsurroundedMbyMseveralMionsMofMtheMoppositeMcharge
intramolecularMbondsM-MAnswerMionic,Mcovalent
intermolecularMbondsM-MAnswerMhydrogen
synthesisMreactionsMareM______Mreactions.M
generallyMthisMmeansMforMaMgivenMsynthesisMreaction,MaMmoleculeMofM______MisMlost.
M-MAnswerManabolism;Mwater
inMtermsMofMmetabolism,MdecompositionMreactionsMareM______Mreactions.M
generallyMthisMmeansMforMaMdecompositionMreaction,MaMmoleculeMofMwaterMisMgained.
M-MAnswerMcatabolism
whatMisManatomy?MwhatMisMaMgoodMoneMwordMdefinition?M-
MAnswerMbodyMstructureM(it'sMshape,Msize,MwhatMit'sMmadeMof,MhowMitMconnectsMtoM
otherMparts);Mform
whatMisMphysiology?MwhatMisMaMgoodMoneMwordMdefinition?M-
MAnswerMscientificMstudyMofMtheMfunctionMofMtheMbody;Mfunction
howMareManatomyMandMphysiologyMlinked?McanMyouMstudyMthemMtogether?Mseparately?
M-
MAnswerMstructureMandMformMdeterminesMfunctionMsoMtheyMshouldMbeMstudiedMtogeth
er
whatMdoesMsystemicMmean?M-
MAnswerMsystemsMofMgroupedM(oftenMphysicallyMlinked)Morgans;MstructuresMbasedMonMs
tructure/functionM(skeletal,Mmuscular,Metc)
whatMdoesMregionallyMmean?M-
MAnswerMallMsystemsMinMaMspecificMareaMaddressedMregionMbyMregionM(head,Mneck,Mt
horax,Metc)
Questions and Answers 100%
verified 2026
atomMofMcarbonM-
MAnswerMsmallestMparticleMofManMelementMthatMhasMtheMchemicalMcharacteristicsMofMt
hatMelement
elementMofMcarbonM-
MAnswerMsimplestMtypeMofMmatter,MhavingMuniqueMchemicalMproperties
atomicMnumberM-
MAnswerMequalMtoMtheMnumberMofMprotonsMinMeachMatomM(andMthereforeMequalMto
MtheMnumberMofMelectronsMasMwell)
atomicMmassM-
MAnswerMaverageMmassMofMitsMnaturalMoccurringMisotopes,MtakingMintoMaccountMtheMr
elativeMabundanceMofMeachMisotope
octetMruleM-
MAnswerMtheMtendencyMofMatomsMtoMcombineMwithMotherMatomsMuntilMeachMhasM8M
electronsM(2MelectronsMforMhydrogen)MinMitsMvalenceMshell
valenceMshellM-MAnswerMoutermostMelectronMshell
atomsMcanMachieveManMoctetMby:M-
MAnswerMtransferringMelectronsMbetweenMatomsMORMsharingMelectronsMbetweenMatoms
electronegativityM-MAnswerMabilityMofManMatom'sMnucleusMtoMattractMelectrons
electronegativityMtrendM-MAnswerMincreasesMLMtoMR,MbottomMtoMtop
atomsMthatMhaveMtheMsameMorMsimilarMelectronegativityM-
MAnswerMshareMelectronsM(covalentMbonds)
,atomsMthatMhaveMveryMdifferentMelectronegativityM-
MAnswerMtransferMelectronsM(ionicMbonds)
non-polarMcovalentMbondsM-MAnswerMH-H,MC-C,MO-O,MC-H
polarMcovalentMbondsM-MAnswerMN-H,MO-H
moleculeM-
MAnswerMcomposedMofMtwoMorMmoreMatomsMchemicallyMcombinedMtoMformMaMstructu
reMthatMbehavesMasManMindependentMunit
compoundM-
MAnswerMaMsubstanceMresultingMfromMtheMchemicalMcombinationMofMtwoMorMmoreMdif
ferentMtypesMofMatoms
isMmonatomicMgasMargonM(Ar)ManMatom,Mmolecule,Mand/orMcompound?M-
MAnswerMatom
isMdiatomicMgasM(O2)ManMatom,Mmolecule,Mand/orMcompound?M-MAnswerMmolecule
isMPO4^-3ManMatom,Mmolecule,Mand/orMcompound?M-MAnswerMmoleculeMandMcompound
isMCH4ManMatom,Mmolecule,Mand/orMcompound?M-MAnswerMmoleculeMandMcompound
hydrogenMbondM-
MAnswerMattractionMofMoppositelyMchargedMendsMofMoneMpolarMmoleculeMtoManotherM
polarMmoleculeMholdsMmoleculesMorMpartsMofMmoleculesMtogether
bondMstrengthM-MAnswerMcovalent>ionic>hydrogen
whyMareMhydrogenMbondsMimportant?M-
MAnswerMhydrogenMbondsMorganizeMtheMwaterMmoleculesMintoMaMlattice,MwhichMholds
MtheMwaterMmoleculesMtogether.MresponsibleMforMcohesionM(attractionMofMwaterMtoMan
otherMwaterMmolecule),MadhesionM(attractionMofMwaterMtoMotherMmolecules
, divalentMNaClMmoleculesMexistMhow?M-
MAnswerMorganizedMarrayMofMindividualMNa+MandMindividualMCl-
MinMwhichMeachMchargedMionMisMsurroundedMbyMseveralMionsMofMtheMoppositeMcharge
intramolecularMbondsM-MAnswerMionic,Mcovalent
intermolecularMbondsM-MAnswerMhydrogen
synthesisMreactionsMareM______Mreactions.M
generallyMthisMmeansMforMaMgivenMsynthesisMreaction,MaMmoleculeMofM______MisMlost.
M-MAnswerManabolism;Mwater
inMtermsMofMmetabolism,MdecompositionMreactionsMareM______Mreactions.M
generallyMthisMmeansMforMaMdecompositionMreaction,MaMmoleculeMofMwaterMisMgained.
M-MAnswerMcatabolism
whatMisManatomy?MwhatMisMaMgoodMoneMwordMdefinition?M-
MAnswerMbodyMstructureM(it'sMshape,Msize,MwhatMit'sMmadeMof,MhowMitMconnectsMtoM
otherMparts);Mform
whatMisMphysiology?MwhatMisMaMgoodMoneMwordMdefinition?M-
MAnswerMscientificMstudyMofMtheMfunctionMofMtheMbody;Mfunction
howMareManatomyMandMphysiologyMlinked?McanMyouMstudyMthemMtogether?Mseparately?
M-
MAnswerMstructureMandMformMdeterminesMfunctionMsoMtheyMshouldMbeMstudiedMtogeth
er
whatMdoesMsystemicMmean?M-
MAnswerMsystemsMofMgroupedM(oftenMphysicallyMlinked)Morgans;MstructuresMbasedMonMs
tructure/functionM(skeletal,Mmuscular,Metc)
whatMdoesMregionallyMmean?M-
MAnswerMallMsystemsMinMaMspecificMareaMaddressedMregionMbyMregionM(head,Mneck,Mt
horax,Metc)